On May 12, 2015, Li Sha, the Russian wife of the famous Russian-language educator and founding father Li Lisan, died at the age of 101...
Li Lisan, formerly known as Li Longzhi, is a native of Hunan. In 1922, together with Liu Shaoqi, he led the strike struggle of the miners on Anyuan Road and embarked on the communist road from then on.
As a revolutionary, it is difficult to reconcile home and career. In the face of the family, in the face of the turbulent and magnificent situation, revolutionaries will always make all kinds of inseparable divisions. As a veteran revolutionary, Li Lisan is naturally no exception.
Li Lisan has experienced a total of three marriages. One of his wives, Lin Xingxian, was a child bride bought by his parents when he was 6 years old. For this arranged marriage, Li Lisan was very disgusted, and the two had no love to speak of. After Lin Xingxian gave birth to Li Lisan's eldest son, Li Renji, he died of wind paralysis.
Li Lisan's second wife was named Li Yichun. This woman can be called a strange woman who dares to love and hate, and is breathtaking. The woman's previous husbands were all very promising, the first husband was Mao Zedong's brother-in-law Yang Kaizhi, and the second husband was Li Lisan.
However, this marriage did not last long. In 1925, Li Lisan and Li Yichun were sent to Moscow to attend the Conference of the Communist International. There, Li Yichun, out of revolutionary friendship, took care of Cai hesen, who was bedridden. However, this time helping others made Li Yichun and Cai hesen fall in love.
In the end, Li Yichun chose to divorce Li Lisan and came together with Cai and Sen. In this regard, Li Sanli only sighed and did not make a big fuss. Li Yichun introduced his third sister Li Chongshan to his ex-husband. In 1926, Li Lisan and Li Chongshan became husband and wife, giving birth to three daughters in a row.
However, due to Li Lisan's busy revolutionary affairs, the couple, the marriage still ended in divorce. The failure of three marriages, although Li Lisan was very depressed. But in Li Lisan's view, the unhappy marriage is just a small wave of his lofty career. So he threw all his body and mind into his work.
At the age of 35, three marriages, and five children, Li Lisan is ready to die alone and alone. However, love always meets unexpectedly. Even across countries, races, and even skin colors, similar hearts will always make lovers become dependents.
A 22-year-old Russian girl, who entered the world of Li Lisan, was Yelisa Vita Pavlovna Kishkina, whose breast name was Lisa. Kishkina was born in the Tsarist era, and her father was a Russian nobleman. As the youngest daughter, Kishkina was pampered by adults and spent a beautiful and wealthy childhood.
After the outbreak of the Russian Civil War, however, the Life of kishkina's family fell into abject poverty, and they were left to famine with weeds and leaves. In desperation, her mother took Kishkina away from her hometown and went to Moscow to join her relatives.
Hard life has made Kishkina extremely strong. In 1922, the Economy of Soviet Russia gradually improved, and the life of the Kishkina family improved, and she also entered primary school. She was a combination of good character and eventually became the president of the student council.
Kishkina, later Lisha, recalled: "I never dreamed that I would marry a foreigner." She never imagined that she would leave her hometown and marry a Chinese.
When Kishkina was still in elementary school, she often heard about the Chinese revolution from newspapers and picture books. Once she opened a pictorial newspaper and noticed a tall, robed young man with his hands raised and generously addressing the workers in the audience. Below there is a line of text that explains: "This is Comrade Li Ming."
And Kishkina did not know that this comrade Li Ming was her future husband, Li Lisan.
In 1930, Li Lisan went to Moscow on business. Kishkina, who was only 19 years old at the time, had just graduated and was working in the Chinese department of the International Workers' Publishing House.
One day in 1933, Kishkina went to work as usual. Just happened to meet a beautiful Chinese young man sitting on a sofa, Kishkina thought he was a young man in his 20s. The eyes of the Chinese youth were bright and bright, and Kishkina could see God when she looked at him.
Later, the Chinese youth took the initiative to greet Kishkina, and the two quickly began to talk. From the conversation between the two, Kishkina learned that this young man was none other than the revolutionary Li Lisan.
Russian girls have always been desperate for love, and once they meet someone they like, they will pursue it to the death. She didn't like to bend over backwards, so she directly proposed her love to Li Lisan.
In this regard, Li Lisan just smiled, and he confessed to Kishkina: "I am 35 years old, and I have three marriages and five children, and you are a 19-year-old girl, you deserve a better lover." ”
Li Lisan's frankness, far from making Kishkina back off, inspired her greater love. She said in a serious tone:
"Everyone has their own past, I focus on the present, and I look forward to the future."
Kishkina believed in love at first sight, and although it was only a first acquaintance, she had already made up her mind that she would not marry Li Lisan.
In this way, Li Lisan and Kishkina became lovers, and on the outskirts of Moscow, sweet dates of this exotic couple could often be seen.
On the October Revolution Day of 1935, Li Lisan invited Kishkina to the Union Hotel to attend a festive gathering of the Chinese Department of the International Workers' Publishing House. At this gathering, Kishkina was the only Soviet. After the meal, Li Lisan said solemnly to Kishkina:
"If there is a need for work, I am always ready to follow the mobilization of the organization and return to China to participate in the underground struggle under the White Terror." At that time, it will certainly be difficult for us to get together, or even never see each other. Please seriously consider our future. ”
For Li Lisan's remarks, Kishkina had actually been prepared. Revolutionaries face sacrifices at all times. And Kishkina also had to be a sacrifice for Li Lisan.
In February 1936, Kishkina carried a small bag of clothes and stayed at the guest house where Li Lisan lived. It was at this guest house that Li Lisan and Kishkina held a simple wedding, and the two were officially married.
According to Russian custom, women must add their husband's last name after their own name. In this way, she should be called "Yelisa Vita Lee". But the name is really awkward for Chinese. Therefore, according to the harmonic sound of her nickname "Lisa", Li Lisan gave her an authentic Chinese name - Li Sha.
Just when Li Sha had a beautiful vision and wanted to grow old with Li Lisan during the day, heaven gave the newlyweds a cruel test. In 1938, the Soviet Union launched a brutal "purge" expansion campaign, and Li Lisan was unfortunately imprisoned by Zhu Lian, and his life and death are unknown.
One day, the academy group found Li Sha and made sure that she and Li Lisan divorced because he was our enemy. You know, if Li Sha does not comply, she may be beaten into the "enemy of the people" at any time, and she will also be attacked.
In the face of the threat, Li Sha stood firmly on the side of her husband, and he said to the leader: "Li Lisan and I already have children, he is a bad person, how can I not see it?" He was a revolutionary, he could not be an enemy. ”
However, the leader of the regiment could not help but say that when Li Sha made a choice in public, she would either continue to be a member of the regiment or divorce Li Lisan. However, Li Sha directly took out the membership card and slapped it on the table of the chairman of the meeting, without saying a word...
Three days later, the trainees stopped letting her live in the free school dormitory and drove her back to her mother's house. However, Li Sha was not discouraged, but used the rest day to inquire about Li Lisan's news from prison to prison. Six months later, she finally found Li Lisan in a small, remote prison. Although she could not meet, she still squeezed out her small salary and bought some daily necessities for Li Lisan. If it were not for Li Sha's rescue, Li Lisan would have been difficult to survive in such a harsh environment.
Originally, Li Lisan was almost sent to the cold Siberia. Fortunately, the letter of appeal written by Li Lisan was successfully delivered to Stalin. And Li Lisan was also wronged and finally walked out of prison. And his Li Sha was already in tears waiting at the prison door.
In 1946, the situation of the Chinese revolution improved greatly, and after applying to the Central Committee, he could finally return to China to participate in the revolution. Li Sha did not hesitate to return to China with Li Lisan. Some people advised Li Sha to think twice before acting, after all, the situation of the Chinese revolution was not yet completely clear, China was still very poor, how could it be compared to the Soviet Union?
However, Li Sha said: "Chinese daughter-in-law, naturally wants to go to China, no matter how much suffering I experience, I will follow him." ”
After returning to China, Li Lisan took on the task of persuading The Kuomintang officers to surrender, while Li Sha went to the Harbin Russian Language College as a teacher. And this decision also allowed Li Sha to embark on the road of education from then on, and has not changed since her life.
After the founding of New China, Li Lisan was nominated by Chen Yun to serve as the secretary of the party group of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, and later as the minister of labor. Li Sha came to Beijing with her two daughters to work as a Russian teacher at the Beijing Foreign Chinese School.
However, in the 1960s, China and the Soviet Union were at odds. Someone said to Li Lisan: "You should divorce the Soviet LiSha immediately." Although Li Sha believed that even if China and the Soviet Union fought each other, or even if there was a war, she would not leave Li Lisan. But worried about Li Lisan's future, Li Sha decided to ask Premier Zhou for a favor.
In the end, Premier Zhou gladly gave advice: "You simply give up the Soviet Union and become a Chinese national!" Although this decision was not easy to make, for the sake of her beloved husband, Li Sha still gave up her beloved mother country and became a Chinese.
In 1967, Li Lisan unfortunately died in prison, leaving his beloved wife and daughter. Li Sha was implicated by him and was also imprisoned. It wasn't until 8 years later that it was released.
In prison, Lisa learned to Chinese. But when she walked out of prison, she found herself alone, her husband was gone, her daughter had gone to the mountains and the countryside, and she was retired at the Agricultural Science Institute in Yuncheng, Shanxi.
However, Li Sha's sense of responsibility and love for Li Lisan did not allow her to be so discouraged, and she tenaciously wrote the appeal materials to find an explanation for Li Lisan, who was wronged. In 1980, after rectifying the chaos, the central government finally made a decision to rehabilitate Li Lisan and hold a solemn memorial service for him. Li Sha's long-cherished wish for many years has finally been fulfilled.
In the 48 years of widowhood, it was love and steadfastness that allowed Li Sha to spend a lonely night washed with tears. Her love for Li Lisan has not faded with the passage of time.
At the same time, she also took up the teaching whip again and returned to her teaching position. At this time, she is already a 66-year-old man, but she still cherishes this opportunity. Even at the age of 70, she still attends 14 festivals a week. She once said: "I would love to be at work 24 hours a day. "Nearly 50 years of teaching career, let Li Sha Tao Li li all over the world. And the two daughters also inherited her career and took up the teaching whip.
Despite the twists and turns of the road, Li Sha's love for Li Lisan and Chinese people has never diminished. She has mentioned the story of China's "grass ring reciprocation" many times, she said:
"With the same feelings, I will work hard in my lifetime and dedicate all my energies to Comrade Li Lisan's motherland (which is also my second hometown) in order to repay the care and attention of the party and the people for me."
In the end, Li Sha fulfilled her promise with her own practical actions, she and the Chinese people breathed together and suffered, and her fate has long been closely linked to the whole of China.