Pictured| Li Lisan
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="8" > preface</h1>
"When Comrade Lisan was alive, I presided over two memorial services for him."
Zhou Enlai said this to Li Lisan's wife, Li Sha.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Lisan and his wife Li Sha went to visit their old friend Zhou Enlai, and everyone recalled the past together, and Zhou Enlai took the initiative to talk about the past in front of Li Lisan.
Comrade Li Lisan is still alive, why has a memorial service been held, and not just once? What kind of story happened between him and Zhou Enlai?
Pictured| Premier Zhou Enlai
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="200" > first met Mao Zedong when he was young</h1>
In 1899, in the home of a Xiucai named Li Changgui in Liling County, Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, a little boy fell to the ground, and he was Li Lisan.
When he was a child, Li Lisan was a diligent and talented child, since his youth, Li Lisan had the ambition to save the country and save the people, and because of his own talent, Li Lisan also won the title of "little talent".
In 1915, Li Lisan entered Changsha Changjun Middle School to study, and in the autumn of the same year, Mao Zedong, under the pseudonym of "Twenty-Eight Painting Students", issued a "Notice of Enlisting Friends" to schools in Changsha.
The general meaning of this "Notice of Conscription of Friends" is that the country is now in a critical situation of survival, so young people who are interested in patriotic work are invited to improve their character and save their talents, and everyone to seek a way to save the country and save the people.
The notice used the classical style and was posted in a place where everyone could see, and Mao Zedong used this notice to express his desire to make friends with aspiring young people.
Pictured| young Mao Zedong
Li Lisan and Mao Zedong's ambitions coincided, and under the introduction of his friend Luo Zhanglong, Li Lisan went to the address left on the "Notice of Recruiting Friends" to visit and get to know Mao Zedong.
When Li Lisan came to Hunan First Normal School, Mao Zedong was sitting in a classroom of the school, waiting for a friend to visit with great anticipation, while Li Lisan quietly stood outside the classroom, wandering at the window for a long time, but never saw Mao Zedong walk out of the classroom.
Although the first meeting has a feeling of "yin and yang", friends who have a relationship will eventually meet. Later, when Li Lisan met mao zedong for the first time, he would also recall this story about the recruitment of friends.
In Mao's memory, when he was sitting in the classroom, he found a figure dangling at the window, and when he walked out, he found that there was no one outside the classroom.
Referring to his desire to make friends, Mao Zedong said: "My pioneering deeds at that time were not easy to understand, and in the end I only got replies from three alumni, and you shook the window a little, then even if it is half a child, we are half a student." ”
When Mao Zedong said these words, in addition to Li Lisan's presence, there were others, and when Chairman Mao finished saying this, everyone was amused by Mao Zedong's humorous words, and the people present laughed one after another.
Since then, Mao Zedong and Li Lisan have become "comrades-in-arms" who jointly threw themselves into the revolutionary movement!
Pictured| Mao Zedong as a young man
In 1919, Li Lisan was deeply influenced by the May Fourth Patriotic Movement, went to France to work and study, explore more truths, and pursue progress.
In 1921, Li Lisan officially joined the Communist Party. Appointed by Mao Zedong, then director of the Hunan branch of the Secretariat of the China Labor Union, Li Lisan, Liu Shaoqi and others led the Anyuan Road Miners' Movement.
Since then, Li Lisan has led the workers' movement several times and enjoyed a high prestige among the broad masses of workers.
During his revolutionary battles, Li Lisan was in danger several times, almost at a critical juncture of life and death. At that time, the news was not developed, and several times Li Lisan's life and death were unpredictable, and everyone mistakenly thought that he had "sacrificed", and then there was a misunderstanding of holding a memorial service for him.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="201" > Li Lisan's three memorial services</h1>
In 1922, when Li Lisan was assigned to work in the Anyuan Coal Mine, he served as the commander-in-chief of the workers' strike, and Liu Shaoqi was the general representative of the workers.
Li Lisan's leadership of the workers' movement naturally attracted the attention of the road and mining authorities, who made several arrests but failed to catch Li Lisan. The road and mining authorities then bought a newspaper in Changsha and published a message in a conspicuous place in the newspaper:
"Li Longzhi (李立三; formerly known as Li Longzhi) fled to Changsha for a strike and was captured by Zhao Hengti, the overseer of Xiang Province, and was recently beheaded outside the Xiaobei Gate of Changsha City."
As soon as this news spread, it spread to France, when comrades Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan, Wang Ruofei and other comrades were still studying in France and organizing the relevant work of the Chinese Youth Communist Party in Europe (later renamed the European Branch of the Chinese Socialist Youth League).
Zhou Enlai did not understand the real situation of Li Lisan, mistakenly thought that he had died for the revolutionary work, and was deeply saddened.
Pictured| Zhou Enlai
Sadly, Zhou Enlai, Zhao Shiyan, and others summoned the members of the Party in Europe and other work-study students to hold a simple but sincere "memorial service" for Comrade Li Lisan, in order to remember their good comrade Li Lisan.
In the organ publication of the Young Communist Party in Europe, "Youth," a message entitled "A Tragic report" was published to report this bad news about Comrade Li Lisan.
But in fact, Li Lisan did not "sacrifice", that is just a lie made up by the road and mining authorities. After the news of Li Lisan's life spread to France, Zhou Enlai and other friends were happy for him from the bottom of their hearts.
In 1925, the news of the "May Thirtieth Massacre" quickly spread to various places, and various large and medium-sized cities set off strikes and strikes. The CPC Central Committee held a meeting to establish the Shanghai Municipal Federation of Trade Unions, and Li Lisan was appointed as the strike commander-in-chief, leading the Shanghai people's strike, strike, and class strike movements, arousing the patriotic enthusiasm of the broad masses of the people.
The strike movement led by Li Lisan was strongly suppressed by the imperialists and counter-revolutionaries, and Li Lisan also became a "thorn in their eyes."
With the help of the cover of the party organization, Li Lisan secretly arrived in Hankou, and soon Wu Peifu learned of this news and specially hired the assassin Xiao Jianfei to assassinate Li Lisan.
Xiao Jianfei did see Li Lisan, he saw Li Lisan with the masses, sincerely seeking benefits for the broad masses of the people, Xiao Jianfei was infected by Li Lisan's sincerity, and he could not bear to kill him again, but protected him safely.
In order to send a message to Wu Peifu, Xiao Jianfei falsely informed him that Li Lisan had been "assassinated", and Wu Peifu believed it to be true and was in a happy mood, and the next day published news in several newspapers:
"Li Lisan was killed in Han."
As soon as this "bad news" came out, countless workers' comrades were deeply saddened, and everyone felt sad about the loss of such a leader. In an instant, the masses of workers in Shanghai, Hankou, Wuchang, Anyuan and other regions spontaneously held different forms of memorial services to remember this great leader who was constantly worried about the workers' movement.
Fortunately, to everyone's satisfaction, Li Lisan did not "die", but continued to go deep into the revolutionary activities.
After the Nanchang Uprising in 1927, Li Li was appointed as a member of the Warriors' Economic Committee and the head of the Security Department, responsible for directing thousands of transport teams, stretcher teams to deliver supplies, and some wounded and sick.
When the troops marched south to Huangfengling in Wuyi Mountain at the junction of Gansu and Fujian, everyone noticed that there were fruits on the nearby mountains and prepared to pick some to replenish the soldiers' strength and take a short rest.
Li Lisan took the lead in running into the forest, picking fruit for the soldiers, for a long time there was no one there, the guards waited for a long time, did not wait for Li Lisan, less anxious, and then heard a gunshot, less than quickly followed the sound of gunfire.
Less than just saw that there was a pool of blood in the place, next to the blood was the fruit spilled on the ground, in addition, there was no one, everyone had to look for Li Lisan, some people saw a "body" hanging on the tree pocket at the bottom of the cliff, but the distance was too far away, and everyone could not see the man's appearance.
According to the blood, fruit, and the person who was extremely similar to the color of Li Lisan's clothes at the scene, everyone speculated that perhaps Li Lisan was already in danger. Sadly, the guards reported the news to the organization in less time.
Li Lisan's "memorial service" was held in the playground of Zhengde Middle School in Changting County, presided over by Zhou Enlai, and everyone gathered together to "bid farewell" to Comrade Li Lisan. But before the memorial service was over, Li Lisan appeared at the venue.
Pictured | young Zhou Enlai
Li Lisan's "resurrection from the dead" made Zhou Enlai excited, and everyone was frightened on the spot. Zhou Enlai paused the host, greeted him and hugged him tightly: "Li San, we thought you were sacrificed." Zhou Enlai said excitedly.
"I just went to Yama to report it, and he hated me for being grumpy, so I came back again." Li Lisan said jokingly.
Then Li Lisan came to the spiritual hall prepared for him, and his eyes were fixed on the small black frame with his picture hanging on it. Li Lisan first bowed and saluted, and then flew up towards the black frame and smashed the Spirit Hall. "I'm dead when I join the revolution, and you won't need a memorial service in the future." Li Lisan spoke domineeringly.
Comrade Li Lisan is still alive! Everyone was surprised and surprised, surprised that everyone did not lose this good comrade, surprised that what was going on? What really happened that day? Who is the man under the cliff?
Under Li Lisan's explanation, everyone understood the origin of the matter, and it turned out that when Li Lisan was concentrating on picking fruits for everyone that day, several bandits suddenly appeared in the forest, and without saying a word, they fought with Li Lisan.
A person clutched Li Lisan's waist and tried to make Li Lisan struggle, fortunately, Li Lisan had learned some fist and foot kung fu, and the person who was holding him fell with the trend and directly threw him to the ground, Li Lisan took out his gun and quickly solved him, which was the gunshot that everyone heard.
However, before Li Lisan could fire the second shot, he was attacked by other bandits, twisting him to death, unable to move, and then taken away. The companion was thrown off the cliff, but coincidentally, the companion's clothes were very similar to Li Lisan's clothes, which led to a later misidentification.
These bandits who suddenly broke out had always made a living by robbing their homes, and they originally wanted to get something from Li Lisan and go back. Li Lisan understood their suffering and said to them: "Like you, I am a suffering person, so poor that I have no way out, so I defected to the ranks of the Communist Party." ”
From Li Lisan's mouth, everyone knows that the Communist Party is a contingent of poor people, that it is specially designed to fight those local tycoons and inferior gentry, and that it serves the common people. After listening to Li Lisan's explanation, the bandits also moved their minds, wanting to follow him to join the ranks of the revolution and do things that were beneficial to the common people.
Li Lisan therefore delayed for some time before returning, and with him came these "bandits" who were determined to participate in the revolutionary battle, and they were later incorporated into Ye Ting's troops and called one heroic fighter after another.
However, Li Lisan's accident made a group of friends, including Zhou Enlai, "frightened" and could not help but feel sad about losing him.
Pictured| Li Lisan and his wife Li Sha
Many years later, when New China had been founded and the people were living a new life, Li Lisan and his wife Li Sha went to visit Zhou Enlai, and Zhou Enlai said to Li Sha with great memories: "When Comrade Lisan was alive, I presided over two memorial services for him. ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="204" > Li Lisan's self-critical spirit</h1>
As an outstanding leader of the workers' movement, Li Lisan made great contributions to the revolutionary cause, and in just five years, the organization held three memorial services for him, which shows that Li Lisan stood at dangerous junctures several times, but he never talked about his merits as an outsider.
Later, Li Lisan made some mistakes because of his judgment of the revolutionary situation. He did not hide it, but frankly admitted his mistakes, in his later life, Li Lisan has always regarded "self-criticism" as his motto, willing to actively admit his past mistakes on any occasion, so as to educate future generations.
"If the party needs me to be a 'negative teacher,' I will definitely be a good 'negative teacher.'" Li Lisan said: He has always worked hard to serve the party and the people, and has worked hard to make up for his mistakes with excellent results.
From 1931 onwards, Li Lisan accepted the organizational arrangement and began to study and work in Moscow for more than ten years. While studying at the Lenin Institute in Moscow, Li Lisan participated in a seminar at which he spoke actively.
Li Lisan took the initiative to mention his previous mistakes and listed some losses to the organization due to his mistakes. In the excitement, Li Lisan even burst into tears, wept bitterly on the spot, and the surrounding audience was also fully engrossed, giving back to his wonderful speech with very warm applause.
When Li Lisan talked about the wrong route, he did not mention his name, and after speaking, everyone was indignant: "If this Li Lisan is here, I have to give him some color to see." ”
Everyone surrounded him and asked him why he spoke so vividly, as if he had experienced it himself, but what they didn't know was that these were indeed things that Li Lisan had experienced.
However, Li Lisan did not think to hide his mistakes, and he was so sad that he lowered his head and admitted to everyone: "I am Li Lisan." As soon as this remark came out, the audience was stunned, some people were angry about his mistakes, and some people admired his honesty and sincerity.
During his years in Moscow, Li Lisan faced his mistakes squarely, but also strengthened his own study, and he presided over the translation of many classic works of Marxism-Leninism, and strived to do a better job in the future.
Pictured| the great leader Chairman Mao Zedong
After returning to China in 1946, Li Lisan also maintained such a sincere attitude, he made a special trip to Yan'an to report to Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other leaders on his work and study over the years, and made a profound review and criticism of his previous behavior.
In front of the younger generations, Li Lisan is still frank. At the commemorative meeting held by a certain unit of the Northeast Democratic Coalition Army to celebrate the October Revolution Day of the Soviet Union, Li Lisan was invited to attend and make a situation report for the young commanders and fighters.
At the meeting, Li Lisan recounted the experience of the victory of the October Revolution in the Soviet Union and the history of our revolution, including how he made mistakes and what the consequences of the mistakes he made.
In the middle, Li Lisan suddenly asked everyone in the audience: "Do you know Li Lisan?" Unbeknownst to everyone, Li Lisan pointed to his nose and admitted to the audience: "I am Li Lisan!" ”
The applause from the audience was everywhere, the crowd was boiling, and everyone was touched by his spirit of daring to self-criticize, the so-called "change when you know your mistakes, and do nothing good", which is exactly the case.
Li Lisan spoke for several hours, and everyone sat down on the stage and listened quietly, and in the end, Li Lisan deeply instructed everyone to send the most sincere message to the soldiers:
"I hope that you will learn from the mistakes I have made, resolutely implement the instructions of the Party Central Committee and Chairman Mao, develop and consolidate the Liberated Areas, expand the troops, and strive to complete the combat tasks." I wish comrades good health and more victorious battles! ”
Picture | a group photo of Li Lisan and his wife
In his work, even if Li Lisan is a leader, he will humbly say to the staff around him: "You have strict requirements and effective supervision over me at any time, and help me a lot." ”
In 1949, Li Lisan attended the Second Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, at which he once again profoundly reviewed his mistakes to the participants, and Liu Shaoqi praised him for his "spirit and courage in self-criticism."
For several years, Li Lisan rarely mentioned his previous contribution to leading the workers' movement and his difficulty in each moment of crisis, but seized every opportunity that could be seized to carry out self-criticism, while also educating other comrades not to make similar mistakes, and he had become an example of "self-criticism" in the organization.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Lisan gave full play to his personal strengths, presided over the work of the Federation of Trade Unions, and concurrently served as a member of the people's government and a political councilor of the State Council.
As for his work, he is conscientious and conscientious, and for the people around him, Li Lisan is also a leading comrade with a human touch. In 1950, Li Lisan and the guard Li Guozhong went on a business trip to Harbin.
Li Lisan knew that Li Guozhong's home was in Harbin, so he took the initiative to say that he was only studying materials in the hotel and did not need his care, so he went home to see his family.
When Li Guozhongshang hesitated, Li Lisan directly ordered: "Go, don't forget to say hello to your parents on my behalf." Li Lisan's words made Li Guozhong's heart feel warm.
For the staff around him, Li Lisan will take care of everything he can take care of, and when the mother of a comrade is sick and suffers from lack of money for medical treatment, Li Lisan learned of this matter and asked the guard Li Guozhong to secretly send money to the comrade's mother.
The money sent in the past was in the name of the comrade, the comrade was very surprised, always asked who helped, almost asked when he saw people, but everyone said they did not know, until the matter has passed for a long time, Li Lisan's warm heart to help things are known to everyone.
The staff felt that it was a very pleasant and proud thing to do things around Li Lisan.
The | statue of Comrade Li Lisan
The admirable Comrade Li Lisan, who has bowed down to the revolutionary cause and faced danger several times, taught others with his own mistakes and treated everyone around him kindly, and his fine qualities are worth learning from us.
In June 1967, Li Lisan died. In 1980, Comrade Li Lisan's memorial service was held at the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall in Zhongshan Park, Beijing, and this time, it was the fourth memorial service in his life, and it was also a real memorial service. In the future, I will leave endless nostalgia for future generations...