In 1992, when I was young and still liked to read, I often bought literary journals such as Harvest, Selected Literature of Taiwan and Hong Kong, and Appreciation of Masterpieces.
In the same year, "Appreciation of Masterpieces" launched the column "Masterpieces Seeking Flaws" from the second issue, and the first cannon was Yu Guangzhong's "On Zhu Ziqing's Prose".
It is also a little inappropriate to say that it is a "head cannon", because this is Yu Guangzhong's old work in 1977 when he was teaching at the University of Chinese in Hong Kong. Then the "Appreciation of Masterpieces" forwarded Yu Guangzhong's "Commenting on Dai Wangshu's Poems" and "Sampling Comments on Guo Moruo's Poems" and other articles criticizing the famous works of early new literary masters.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > a stone stirs up a thousand waves</h1>
Yu Guangzhong never expected that his old works would cause such a big reaction in the mainland after 15 years.
In one word, it's "frying pan." At that time, the mainland literary critics were still secretive about the new literature of "May Fourth", and how could they tolerate the other side's intractable and nitpicking of literary masters.
Some of these experts are still reasoning with you, which is still within the scope of academic debate, and some are on the line and scolded.
The most fierce opposition was in huaxia poetry newspaper, which not only published a series of articles opposing Yu's views in large volumes, but also commented on the front page: "Comprehensively negate the masterpieces of famous artists since the 1930s, and use them to play ... It deserves further attention. ”
"Appreciation of Masterpieces" did not show weakness, and sang a play against the stage with "Huaxia Poetry News". In the first issue of 1993, he edited the "Appreciation Album of Yu Guangzhong's Works", published Wu Liyang's anti-critical article supporting Yu Guangzhong, and pointed out in the editor's note that he used a political stance to criticize and maliciously speculate on Yu's article.
Huaxia Poetry Daily then reprinted a letter from a middle school student whose writing was praised by the editors of the poetry newspaper as "sharp" and "reasonable", borrowing the reader's mouth, scolding Yu Guangzhong for "no 'humanity'", "a militant element", an "outspoken diehard", and "dealing with people like (like) Yu Shi, who cannot be reasonable... We can only use our human way and still treat ourselves (rule) our human bodies," calling Yu's literary theories "crazy nonsense" and "a great literary counter-offensive, a counter-offensive against the mainland." ——" For the Sick Chinese To Open the Pulse- From the Perspective of "Famous Artists Seeking Flaws" in the Afterglow of Literary Language Concept
Normal literary controversies have been completely distorted by Huaxia Poetry Daily, and have been transformed into personal attacks on Yu Guangzhong. It has aroused the disgust and dissatisfaction of many scholars on both sides of the strait.
The matter became more and more noisy, and literati and scholars on both sides of the strait quarreled over Yu's literary theory. As the "fuse" of this controversy, Yu Guangzhong himself had a surprisingly peaceful attitude. He wrote a text message to Appreciation of Masterpieces, reiterating his position again.
It is expected that the humble article will be reprinted in your magazine and will cause a lot of repercussions. Mr. Ziqing's article has long been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and it is admired by the people and the public, and the humble text rarely resonates and can be understood. But what I write is from the heart, and there is no grandstanding or frivolity of the former sages. Submitting many articles, it seems to be a bit emotional, and failed to "argue according to reason" also, a laugh.
After that, no matter how fierce the controversy was, Elder Yu did not say a word.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="20" > yuguang qualified to criticize Zhu Ziqing? </h1>
Everyone has the right and the right to evaluate any literary work, even if it is a classic within a classic. Just like the audience like us, after watching Zhang Yimou and Feng Xiaogang's movies, I have not complained about it once. Not to mention that Yu Guangzhong himself is an excellent critic.
Yu Guangzhong's achievements in literary and art criticism are extraordinary, with 5 collections of reviews, and more than one million words of academic discourse and literary criticism have been published, mainly included in "Palm Collection", "On the Watershed", "From Xu Xiake to Van Gogh", "Orderly", and "Mu Si's Left and Right Hands".
Of course, people are more familiar with his poems of "fresh and interesting, Bo Li Haoxiong".
He is known in the literary world as "poetry and literature double bi", Liang Shiqiu said that he "writes poetry with his right hand and prose with his left hand, and his achievements are so high that they are no different for a while." ”
He is revered as the altar of Taiwanese poetry, the poetry style is changeable, writing ideals and wills, it is magnificent and sonorous; writing love and nostalgia, it is delicate and soft.
"Nostalgia", "White Jade Bitter Melon", "Wuling Youth", "Yellow River", "Waiting for You, in the Rain"... The best works come out.
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[Dangdang] thus went to his hometown: Yu Guangzhong, Liang Shiqiu, Lin Haiyin and other literary masters ¥32.37 purchase
His prose is unbridled and radiant. There are "the wind and spirit of the Five Lings youth, there is the great wave of the literary generals, and there are also the angry eyes of the wise men of life, and the bodhisattvas with low eyebrows." ”
He is known as a "polygamous in art", a master of contemporary poetry, an important writer of prose, a famous critic, and an excellent translator. It has published 21 poetry collections, 11 prose collections, 5 commentaries, and 13 translation collections.
【Dangdang】 Listen to the cold rain (classic works of contemporary literary masters Yu Guangzhong, new uncut ¥30.6 purchase
In short, Yu Guangzhong's literary achievements far surpassed Zhu Ziqing's.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="31" > How does Yu Guangzhong evaluate Zhu Ziqing? </h1>
Yu Guangzhong did not "completely negate" Zhu Ziqing in the text, but praised and bombed.
He believes that Zhu Ziqing's prose has a simple, loyal, and plain nature, a gentle style, a soothing rhythm, a clear text, an orderly manner, fine observation, suitable for static description, and a realm of gentle wind and rain, and is "an excellent essayist in the twenties", but if he is placed in a column with the ancient writers and the new generation of essayists in the past thirty years, he is still "not enough to be a master", "his shrine, no matter how high or low, should be set in the twenties and thirties and stay there."
Yu Guangzhong believes that the primary problem of Zhu Ziqing's prose is that "the explanation is too clear and the analysis is too practical", which is a taboo of lyrical prose.
Second, "the metaphor is too obvious, the image is too narrow", "too soft and too old", "the imagination is not rich enough", and it is easy to use female imagery, superficial and naïve, vulgar, "either out of the bath, or dancing, always those few formulaic movements, boring".
Third, sadness and indiscriminate emotion, the indiscriminate exclamation of ah, ah, it makes people tired of reading.
Fourth, the language is shallow and cumbersome, and it has a tendency to Europeanize.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" Data-track="39 >" Why does Yu Guangzhong criticize New Age literature? </h1>
In 1974, Yu Guangzhong taught in the Department of Chinese, University of Chinese, Hong Kong, and successively taught courses such as "New Chinese Poetry", "Modern Chinese Literature", "Comparative Literature", and "New Literature Studies".
In the course of his lectures, he found that although the masterpieces of famous artists were well-known, their artistic achievements, especially in literary language, were really unsatisfactory. The language is blunt and difficult, "every sentence that is not smooth, inappropriate, or even does not make sense."
However, these articles occupy textbooks for many years and are regarded as classics and models by students. The vicious Westernization of these "fan texts" has become a clumsy demonstration of harming students. If you let it go unchecked, won't you mistake people?'
As a result, Yu Guangzhong began to "grade and correct compositions" for early masters.
The critical articles on the masterpieces of early new literature are the works of this period, "the articles of Dai Wangshu, Wen Yiduo, Guo Moruo, and Zhu Ziqing are all by-products of my teaching of new literature at Chinese University." ”
These treatises also involve lu xun, Wen Yiduo, Zhou Zuoren, Shen Congwen, Lin Yutang, Cao Yu and other famous artists of the new period.
I don't know if when you study the texts of these famous masters, you feel that some sentences are stiff and hard to mouth. It is precisely because they are influenced by the vernacular movement that most of them oppose the vernacular and advocate the Spanish language, so the writing often has the problem of vicious Westernization.
Yu Guangzhong once used an image metaphor in "Westernized Chinese by Early Writers":
In the 1930s, Wen Yan's body was weak, the development of the vernacular was not complete, and he was invaded by the European wind and rain, so the light one sneezed continuously, coughed continuously, and the heavy ones gave rise to pneumonia. Almost no famous writer is not infected.
Lu Xun, Zhou Zuoren and other Chinese accessible, occasionally Westernized, and harmless. By the time Shen Congwen, He Qifang, and Ai Qing arrived, the decline of vernacular literature and westernization had become more and more apparent.
Yu Guangzhong believes that the biggest problem with vernacular literature in the twenties and thirties was language, and he could not bear any pollution of Chinese.
It can be seen that the primary purpose of Yu Guangzhong's "rewriting" for the famous artist is to purify the Chinese and resist vicious Westernization.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="54" > the aftermath is yet to come</h1>
The controversy triggered by the "famous masters seeking flaws" involved a wide range of topics, with scholars and experts, language teachers, and middle school students all participating, forming a lineup of mutual attack and defense.
It lasted a long time, and the waves of right and wrong set off in the literary criticism of the 1990s are still in the aftermath to this day. Some self-media articles can also stir up some waves.
As early as the 70s of the last century, Yu Guangzhong called on readers' "aesthetic stomach", not only to absorb soft and sweet things, to be compatible with sour, salty and spicy, not only to indulge in the world of Bingxin and Zhu Ziqing.
Nearly half a century has passed, there are still so many readers who love Zhu Ziqing, and in the comment area of some self-media articles, they have one-sidedly teamed Zhu Ziqing.
hehe!
Finally, I still use the words in "Listen to the Cold Rain" in the afterglow to wish the beautiful Chinese immortality!
As long as Cangjie's inspiration does not extinguish the beautiful Chinese does not grow old, the image, the magnet-like centripetal force must grow. Because a square word is a heaven and earth. There were words in the beginning, so the han soul and the memories and hopes of his ancestors had sustenance.
Qilin Academy The next time you pass by, there is no longer my selection of Mr. Yu Guangzhong's 50 years of poetry famous articles ¥39.9 purchase
References: Wang Jipin, "For the Sick Chinese To Open the Pulse- From the Perspective of "Famous Works seeking flaws" to see the view of literary language in the afterglow"