Nosebleeds are common diseases in otolaryngology, especially in the winter indoor dry, autumn and winter and spring alternating seasons, recently, due to the frequent occurrence of allergic rhinitis in spring, Hunan Aerospace Hospital ENT outpatient clinic can also often see children who come to the clinic because of nosebleeds, parents are very worried.
Common causes of nosebleeds
First of all, it is related to the state of the children's nasal mucosa, the mucosa at the front of the nasal septum of children is weaker than that of adults, and the children's resistance is poor, easy to catch a cold, easy to cause rhinitis, plus some children have the bad habit of digging nostrils, resulting in nasal mucosa easy erosion, aggravating the unhealthy state of nasal mucosa. Secondly, there are four branches of large blood vessels in the submucosal layer of the lower end of the nasal septum, where the blood flow is abundant, and it is easier to bleed when the mucous membrane is eroded or inflamed.
How to stop the bleeding when your child has a nosebleed?
If your child has nosebleeds, but is generally in good condition, has a good mental response, and does not have abnormalities such as nasal foreign bodies, serious trauma, pallor, or difficulty breathing, the bleeding can be stopped as follows:
01
Hold your horses
Older children can give verbal comfort, tell the child that it is okay, avoid emotional agitation leading to more bleeding; for small babies who do not understand things, it is better to be calm when comforting, smiling or doing nothing.
Do not panic, so as not to scare the baby, lead to fear of crying, do not cooperate with the bleeding, and even aggravate the bleeding.
02
Lean forward slightly
Let your child sit up straight and lean forward slightly. For babies who fail to cooperate, parents sit down with their hands around the baby and let the baby keep the body slightly forward.
Do not let your child lie down or look up to prevent the blood from flowing backwards and causing a cough, or vomiting after the blood is swallowed.
Do not let your child bow his head or lie prone, as this will cause bleeding to worsen.
03
Pinch to stop bleeding
For older children, let the child breathe through the mouth and gently pinch the wings of the nose for at least 5 to 10 minutes. The baby is pinched by the parents, so that there is no blood flowing out, the strength can be as strong as the usual size of the nose can not be inhaled; during the pinching period, the baby should be constantly comforted to reduce crying, such as distraction, look at favorite animations and verbal comfort, and so on.
Don't push too hard, so as not to hurt the baby, cause the baby to struggle, and affect the hemostasis. Do not stop pinching before 5 to 10 minutes to see if the blood stops; this will interfere with coagulation and prolong bleeding time.
Common handling pitfalls
1. Block with toilet paper
First, the toilet paper is not disinfected, which is easy to induce infection; the second is that the pressure is usually not enough to achieve the effect of hemostasis.
2. Head-up posture
When looking up, the blood flowing out may enter the mouth, the child swallows involuntarily, easy to cause nausea and vomiting, and may also choke into the trachea or lungs, there is a risk of suffocation.
3. Raise your arms
There is no scientific reason for the nosebleed to raise the arm, let alone play any hemostasis.
What do I need to go to the hospital?
1. If after 2 pinching, the bleeding still does not stop, you need to go to the hospital for treatment.
2. Serious situations, such as heavy bleeding, outflow through the mouth, vomiting or coughing, or pale, weak, or mental and poor response.
3. Other abnormalities, foreign bodies in the nose, or other places (such as gums) are also bleeding, and you need to go to the hospital in time.
How can I prevent nosebleeds?
01
After the nosebleed stops, ask your child not to rub, dig out, or blow his nose for 2 to 3 days. Don't dig or blow your nose too hard.
02
Indoor humidity is maintained at about 40% to 60%, it is recommended to use a vapor humidifier (fog-free type), or humidify with pure water (foggy type).
03
In the past, if there has been repeated nasal bleeding within 1 week, vaseline can be applied in front of the nostrils to protect the nasal mucosa, 2 to 6 times a day for 3 to 7 days.
4.
Use saline or saline to clean the nasal cavity with nasal drops or sprays of saline 2 to 6 times a day.
5.
Do not smoke at home or around children, and avoid other smoke irritation.
6.
If your child has allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, etc., it is necessary to actively prevent and treat it
The picture comes from the Internet, invaded and deleted
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Author: Tianyue Tian
Edit: Millet Frost Qing
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