Children from 6 months to 2 years old have these manifestations to pay attention to, especially the last one
The 6-year-old daughter is reluctant to say hello when she sees people, does not like to go to places with many people, does not want to make more noise in an unfamiliar environment, likes to play with toys alone, and the mothers around me persuade me to take my children to check, which feels like autism. As soon as I heard about autism, it was like thunder, panic and anxiety, and the more I looked, the more I looked like it.
In order to understand autism, I first looked up on the Internet, and then looked for some popular science books about autism, I found that children are normal, my anxiety is mediocre self-disturbance, and my heart is secretly happy.
Autism is a heavy topic, having autism means that a lifetime is affected, not only autism himself, but also his family, have to pay a lot for this, is ordinary people can not imagine.
Autism is still very strange to ordinary hot people, we often take it literally, a little introverted and don't like to communicate on the self-definition of autism, do not like to be lively to say social fear, and make excuses for things that are not willing to do.
In fact, autism is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by different degrees of social interaction and communication disorders, narrow interests, repetitive stereotyped behaviors, and perceptual abnormalities. There is a large body of scientific evidence that autism is a genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder that accompanies lifelong. People with mild autism can achieve self-care and independent living through intervention, reaching the usual level of cognition, adaptability and social skills.
The main features of autism are: lack of social behavior and attachment, lack of communication and interaction, repetitive and stereotyped behavior patterns, abnormal responses to the physical environment, emotional abnormalities, intellectual function, and destructive behavior.
The main characteristics of children with autism are: (1) speech development is delayed or no speech; (2) even if speech is developed, this speech does not have the function of communication; (3) stereotyped repetitive play activities; (4) rejection of any change in the environment, requiring a high degree of "consistency" of the environment ;(5) have good mechanical memory; (6) lack of imagination.
The core symptoms of autism will accompany autistic people for life, there is no "special medicine" can be "cured", the education and rehabilitation of autistic children can only be a long-term intervention process, which requires society and families to join hands and make arduous efforts.
Practice has proven that there are two principles of intervention that are crucial: one is early and the other is science. Experts say that the early 3 to 5 years of continuous intervention "foundation period" is very critical, the more early intervention is appropriate, the better the recovery.
Experts have proposed the principle of early intervention, recommending that all children begin with comprehensive screening from the 9th month of life. After that, according to the situation, different screening scales and diagnostic tools are used to carry out diagnostic work.
For infants and young children aged 6 months to 2 years, the following characteristics can be used as warning indicators for early detection:
After 6 months can not be amused (showing lol), eyes are rarely focused on people (Eye Contacting);
For about 10 months, there was no response to calling his name (Responding), and his hearing was normal;
12 months of no response to verbal commands, no Babbling, no movement gesture language; no eye following; no interest in imitation;
16 months without speaking any words, reacting less to language, ignoring others;
18 months without pointing or following the fingers of others with their eyes, showing reference (Referencing) and giving behavior;
24 months without spontaneous two-word phrases;
Regression in language function or regression in social skills at any age.
If abnormalities occur early, scientific intervention should be carried out as soon as possible to allow the child to return to normal. If the autistic child has a high functional level, the younger the age of the intervention (e.g., less than 3 years), the choice of a suitable method, and the active participation of parents, the better the effect of the intervention, and if the intervention is persistent, the prognosis of the autistic child is more ideal.
There are many kinds of intervention methods, including behavioral interventions, as well as controversial drug therapies and nutritional therapies, of which the more famous ones are: first, floor time; second, structured teaching; third, auditory integration training, fourth, sensory integration training. Studies have shown that floor time and structured teaching work better, and others are somewhat controversial.
Now we focus on floor time, an intervention method for children with autism and other developmental disorders using an interactive developmental model, first proposed by Stanley Greenspan and Serena Wieder. This theory views autism as a biological disorder in which difficulty processing sensory information hinders the normal development of social, communicative, and cognitive skills.
Stanley I. Greenspan (M.D.) is a clinical professor of psychiatry and pediatrics at George Washington University School of Medicine.
Serana Wieder, Ph.D. is a renowned child psychologist who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of infants and young children.
The floor time they proposed has a certain effect on autism intervention, and it has also helped many people, based on their professionalism, there are autistic people at home can try.
The name "Floor Time" is descriptive, that is, to move on the floor with children for 20-30 minutes at a time, multiple times a day. This intervention is child-led, with adults participating in activities guided by children, paying attention to and encouraging children's activities. The goal is to promote positive social and emotional interaction among children so that they want to continue that interaction.
Greenspan and Weddell proposed six functional affective abilities as the basis for normal development, including: (1) the dual ability to develop interest in what is visible, audible, and perceptible in the world, and to remain calm.
The ability to build relationships with others.
The ability to communicate in both directions.
The ability to string together a series of actions into a detailed, deliberate sequence of problem-solving.
The ability to create new perspectives.
The ability to make connections between different points of view, giving them practicality and logic.
The goal of the Floor Time Method is to help children with autism improve their development level, step by step.
Implementing the floor time method is a three-step process. First, parents are involved in interventions for children with autism, co-creating an emotional experience with them, which is important for achieving development goals. During the activity, children are rewarded and feel safe and confident enough.
Second, the floor time method is implemented by speech therapists, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, educators, and psychologists. These specialists use specific techniques to help children meet specific challenges and promote their development.
Third, parents use their own response patterns and relationship patterns during activities to achieve their goals. This creates a family model that supports the emotional and intelligent development of all members of the family.
These interactions can successfully guide children to leaps to new stages of development, transforming them from their current socially isolated and lacking communication to social and emotionally engaged states and learning to communicate. Problem-solving, innovative ideas and the development of logical thinking are all important intervention goals.
References: The Quest for the Truth About Autism
"Report on the Development of Autism Education and Rehabilitation Industry in China"