As a father and mother, the most feared face is the child's fever, do not know what the cause of the child's fever is; do not know how long the fever lasts; more terrible is not to know how much harm can be caused. Therefore, it is inevitable that anxiety and panic will arise. The instinctive choice of bao dads and bao moms is: immediately reduce the fever. The child who has a fever returns to his normal body temperature.
What should I do if I have a fever in children? Dads and moms please be patient and read on, we need to share the following concepts.
What is fever?
Textbooks say: Fever is also known as hyperthermia and fever. It refers to the increase in regulatory body temperature caused by the body moving the adjustment point of the thermoregulation center up under the action of pyrogen. When the underarm temperature exceeds 37 °C, the oral temperature exceeds 37.5 °C or the temperature exceeds 38 °C, the temperature fluctuation of more than 1 °C per day and night can be called fever. Normal children's body temperature (anal temperature) fluctuates at 36.9 °C to 37.5 °C, underarm temperature 36.0 to 37.0 °C, and sublingual temperature 0.3 °C to 0.5 °C lower than the temperature. The normal body temperature of different individuals varies slightly, so mild elevation is not all pathological significance.
1. Regulation characteristics of children's body temperature The function of the pediatric thermoregulation center is immature, especially in the neonatal period, and the body surface area is relatively large, the subcutaneous fat is thin, and it is easy to dissipate heat. Thermogenesis mainly relies on the metabolism of brown fat, so the body temperature is easy to change with changes in ambient temperature.
2, the cause of fever There are many causes of fever, but there are two main categories, namely infectious factors and non-infectious factors, and pediatric fever is more common.
3. Judgment of the degree of fever Take oral temperature as an example
Low heat 37.3 38.0°C
Moderate heat 38.1~39.0°C
High heat 39.1~41.0°C
Ultra-high heat above 41.0 °C
In clinical work
Axillary body temperature below 38.5 °C is not treated
1. Fever is only a common clinical manifestation common to many diseases, and the manifestations of fever are different from disease to disease. For example: common measles in pediatrics, the earliest appearance of the rash is fever, body temperature continues to be above 38.5 ° C, if the onset of early fever, not only will affect the observation of the disease, but also lead to adverse rash, turn into reverse, aggravate the disease.
2, we often say: is the drug three points of poison, children's commonly used antipyretic drugs are Baifuning and ibuprofen. Although these two types of antipyretic drugs belong to two different types, their effects are both antipyretic and analgesic. When taking, it is necessary to pay attention to the difference between the two dosage forms: acetaminophen,100 pills, tenollin, etc. have three dosage forms: drops, oral liquid, and chewable tablets; ibuprofen-type Merlin, for children, there are only two dosage forms of drops and oral liquid. Infants before the age of 1 year are best given drops because the drops are small in concentration and irritating.
Whether it is BaiFuning, as well as ibuprofen, it is through sweating to achieve antipyretic effect. If the child uses these two types of antipyretic drugs as soon as the child has a fever, causing the child to sweat a lot, if the water can not be replenished, it will be counterproductive, and dehydration fever will occur. When sweating, the skin's pores are in an open state, which is more likely to be taken advantage of by external evils and further aggravate the disease. If the heat does not subside after taking it once, it is necessary to take the drug again for 4 to 6 hours. The amount of antipyretic medicine given to the baby should not be too large. For example, the commonly used drug paracetamol, children take 10 to 15 mg per kilogram of body weight. If your baby takes paracetamol in a day in more than 3 grams, acute poisoning can occur and even cause fatal liver damage. It is not advisable to let the baby take a variety of antipyretic drugs in a short period of time, and the cooling amplitude should not be too large and too fast, otherwise the baby will have a body temperature that does not rise, collapse and so on. Antipyretics only have antipyretic effects when the baby has fever, and when the baby does not have fever, taking antipyretic drugs has no effect on preventing fever. After giving the baby antipyretic drugs, if the baby sweats more, it is necessary to give him water in time to avoid collapse.
3. If parents are overly nervous, constantly urging doctors to reduce fever, and even verbal threats, doctors may choose to use hormones in desperation. If the child has a fever caused by the virus, it may lead to further spread of the virus and prolong the disease.
4. If the disease is not cured and the fever has receded, parents are prone to ignore the child's condition, such as although the open flame is gone, the dark ash has not been extinguished, causing repeated diseases and seriously affecting the child's physical health.
5, human beings live in nature, coexist with many bacteria, viruses, so-called: not the west wind overwhelms the east wind, or the east wind overwhelms the west wind. Every time the child has a cold and fever, it is a exercise of the own immune system, do not retreat at the sight of fever, so that the body loses the opportunity to exercise, which will lead to worse and worse health. Many parents say that every time a child gets sick, we seek medical attention in time, but every time someone in the family catches a cold, it will infect him. Because the increase in human body temperature is also an effective way for the human body to resist the invasion of foreign bacteria and viruses, every time the body temperature rises by one degree, the resistance will increase accordingly, so the simple cooling of the root of the disease is not only not good for the child, but may reduce the body's resistance.
Once a child has a fever, what should I do as a parent?
1. Children with fever at home, first measure the body temperature, determine the temperature, and give warm boiling water frequently when the fever is low. If your child is reluctant to drink boiled water, warm rice porridge or drinks can be given, and a small amount of food can be fed several times until there is slight sweating or frequent urination, increasing heat dissipation.
2, the body temperature exceeds 38.5 ° C, if the newborn opens the package to dissipate heat, feed water, measure the body temperature after half an hour or one hour, if the body temperature drops, you can observe at any time, do not feed medicine. If the body temperature does not drop, or does not rise, immediately go to the hospital for hospitalization. Babies about three months old can be given physical cooling, such as: bathing, warm water bath, smaller children, avoid alcohol rubbing bath. Three months to half years old, you can give physical cooling at the same time, give antipyretic patches, if there is no antipyretic patch at home, and feel inconvenient to go to the hospital at night, you can wet the mother's sanitary napkins, put them in the refrigerator for a little while (the inside can not freeze, in order to prevent frostbite), put on the child's forehead, the sides of the neck or the large vertebral acupoints behind the neck (acupuncture method: children bow their heads, the highest place behind the neck). Babies from half a year old to one year old can be given ibuprofen or oral administration (the dose can be given according to the drug instructions), pay attention to the easy coolness of the room, open the window to ventilate in the summer, and do not let the baby be cold when the wind is cold. If your child has a bad appetite, don't force your food. Breastfeeding and feeding can be appropriately reduced.
3. If the child continues to have fever, the body temperature is about 39.1 ~ 40 ° C, and the effect of using antipyretic drugs is not good, give physical cooling, and pay attention to the warmth of the limbs. Place a hot water bottle under your feet (to prevent burns), encourage your child to drink warm boiled water, and in summer, use air conditioning to keep the room temperature at 22 to 24 °. Antipyretics can be used repeatedly every 4 to 6 hours, or alternating between chlorphen and ibuprofen every 4 to 6 hours.
4. If the child's body temperature exceeds 40 ° C, it is recommended to be hospitalized, find out the cause, and prescribe the right medicine.
5. The child's fever does not exceed 24 hours, and it is not recommended to check the blood. The blood routine is best done 24 hours after fever.
6. Let the child rest. Rest is the best treatment. Especially for children who go to school, there is nothing wrong with one or two days less class, and letting children with fever go to class is not only irresponsible for their own children, but also irresponsible for other children.
7. Light diet. Children with fever are best not to eat meat, boiled eggs and other indigestible foods. Drink plenty of water and eat fruit.
8. Take your child to see a doctor and take the medicine on time according to the doctor's instructions.
9. It should be noted that each child's tolerance to high fever is different. Some children have an increase in body temperature to 40 ° C, which is only manifested as bad spirits and drowsiness. Clinically, some children with elevated body temperature will have hyperthermic convulsions, also known as febrile convulsions mostly occur when the body temperature rises suddenly (mostly 39 ° C) in the early stage of thermogenic disease, and more than 70% are related to upper respiratory tract infections. Most have generalized tonic-spastic seizures, and a few may have other forms of seizures, such as myoclonus and absence. Lasts from a few seconds to 10 minutes. For this type of child, once the fever is not recommended for home observation, it should immediately go to the hospital and seek medical help.
If before going to the hospital or on the way to the doctor
Hyperthermic convulsions should be treated immediately as follows
1. Let the child take the side lying position or tilt the head to one side. Such a position can make the child's tongue base will not block the respiratory tract, if there is vomiting, timely clean up vomit, mouth and nose secretions, to prevent inhalation caused by suffocation.
2. Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. Untie the collar, trouser belt of the child, wrap the tongue depressor or chopsticks with a soft cloth or handkerchief and place it between the upper and lower teeth to prevent biting the tongue, while using a handkerchief or gauze to remove the secretions in the child's mouth and nose in time to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed.
3. Control of convulsions. Pinch with your fingers and press the acupuncture points of the child's people, Such as Hegu, and Neiguan for 2-3 minutes, and keep the surrounding environment quiet to reduce irritation.
4, control body temperature, you can use physical cooling such as ice pack cold compresses to reduce body temperature.
5. Call the 120 emergency number for help.
At last
Hope Mom, Dad
Love and care for children in the right way,
I wish every child a healthy and happy growth.