The story behind the 2022 Spring Festival Gala - the painting geography in "Remembering Jiangnan"
In this year's Spring Festival Gala, the music and dance poetry and painting program "Remembering Jiangnan" with its novel forms of expression, profound cultural heritage, and wonderful interpretations by artists has been unanimously praised by everyone, and is known as "the Spring Festival Gala with good singing and pleasing to the eye".
At the beginning of the show, a Jiangnan woman wore a turquoise costume and held up an oil-paper umbrella, instantly bringing people back to Jiangnan. Then, the scroll of "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" slowly unfolded, from flat to three-dimensional, bringing people into the painting. In the painting, a walker, chanting Wu Rong's "Fuchun" of the Tang Dynasty, appears!
There are waters and mountains in the world, and the fuchun landscape is not human.
The Changchuan River is not spring and green, and the reflection of a thousand peaks falls in between.
In the painting, the mountains are rolling and the rivers are vast, and more than a dozen Jiangnan women are walking in the smoke and rain, and they have successively met woodcutters, fishermen, and readers played by artists.
The program breaks through the performance space of the traditional Spring Festival Gala stage, and reproduces the famous work "Fuchun Mountain Jutu" by the Yuan Dynasty painter Huang Gongwang with dynamic effects, combined with the performances and chants of the actors, to create a poetic jiangnan picture of people entering the painting and painting with the scene.
Landscape paintings express the regional differences in natural landscapes between the north and the south
The word "geography" can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, which literally refers to things on the surface of the earth, and "reason" is some objective law, which together form a huge scientific system.
On this basis, as the Zhou Yi Zhengyi said: "The sky has a suspense and is called an article, so it is called Wen ye; the earth has mountains and rivers, each with its own order, so it is called a reason." "Therefore, in some typical painting categories, related works containing terrain, landforms and physical geography are unified into landscape painting."
Landscape painting is based on the real mountains and real waters in nature, but it is more towards natural scenery as an emotional carrier, and painting objectively expresses the product of subjective feelings.
It is this kind of consciousness that has produced a large number of painting artists, who have filmed in their own living environments, but have inadvertently left a geographical landscape atlas with regional characteristics for future generations. Such as the famous "Kuang Lu Map", "Xishan Travel Map", "Guan Tide Map", "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" and so on.
The way to express the geographical and natural landscape in landscape painting is the way is the vegetation, just as the mountains take the water as the blood, the grass and trees as the hair, the mountains live with the water, and the grass and trees are gorgeous.
It is difficult for the viewer to imagine what kind of aesthetic value would be generated if there were no vegetation on the banks of the Huangshan Mountains and the West Lake of Hangzhou, just like people without hair. Vegetation is the main element that constitutes a beautiful scenery, and lush vegetation on the one hand expresses the characteristics of geographical location and precipitation and low altitude, and on the other hand, it is a refraction of the seasons.
In contrast, due to the dry climate and little rainfall in the north, its vegetation is sparse, mostly in the form of mountain rocks and forest rocks. Therefore, we see that the ancient Chinese landscape painting is divided into two major factions of north and south, Jiangnan painters mostly use "dense" landscapes as creative materials, and lush vegetation can reflect the real scenery of Jiangnan.
"Fuchun Mountain Jutu" - the myth of painting geography
Because of the factors of the natural geographical environment, Zhejiang is the birthplace of civilization, but also because of the relationship between the natural geographical environment, Zhejiang is a very rich landscape culture and spiritual area, landscape poetry, landscape painting because of the geographical sense of livable Zhejiang famous in the world, "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" is one of the typical cultural carriers.
Located in the middle and upper reaches of the Qiantang River, the Fuchun Landscape has always been the place where the ancient literati Range Rover sought refuge. The Fuchun River flows smoothly and Tingzhou is staggered, and is known for its beautiful mountains and rivers and beautiful scenery.
The Southern Dynasty literary scholar Wu Jun highly summarized the beauty of Fuchun's landscape in the "Book of With Zhu Yuansi": "From Fuyang to Tonglu for a hundred miles, strange mountains and rivers, the world is unique. The water is all blue, and the bottom is clear. Swim in the fine stones, look directly without hindrance. The turbulence is fierce, and the waves are rushing. Sandwich high mountains, all grow cold trees. Negative momentum competes, competes with each other, competes for heights, and becomes a peak. Spring water stirs stones, and the sound of water is ringing; Good birds sing to each other, hissing into rhymes. No wonder Li Huan of the Yuan Dynasty said: "The world's best landscapes, ancient and modern push Fuchun."
From the perspective of geographical environment, the "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" depicts the most beautiful and typical scenery from Miaoshanwu, Daling to Shazhou Island, and the Fuchun River flows through Fuyang, and the scarcity and representativeness of the geographical environment have achieved the historical status of the "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" to some extent. Teacher Tan's geography studio is comprehensively sorted out
Regional differences in the painting of the technique of the embodiment of more intuitive and clear, from the perspective of the use of the pen, the phi ma and the rain is the best performance of the Jiangnan landscape, the "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" in the large number of use of the phi ma and the rain is the best technique to express the soil slopes of the Fuchun landscape hills. From the perspective of painting potential, different from the lofty trend of the northern mountains and rivers, it is often based on the majestic and raised giant peaks, while the "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" is high, far-reaching and peaceful and far-reaching", and the "three methods are used together", with a panoramic composition, showing the Jiangnan charm of the Fuchun landscape and water layers, the mountains facing each other, and the curved screen.
The geographical environment is not only the direct object of the painter's depiction, but also the source of the painter's thought and the spirit of the painting. From the perspective of the geography of painting, style is not only people, but also society, nature, geography, and environment. "Fuchun Mountain Jutu" hides a myth of Chinese painting geography, which symbolizes the beginning of a discipline.