Historia Volume IV · Zhou Benji IV
Preface
The Zhou Benji provides a general account of the rise and fall of the Zhou Dynasty. In this volume, Sima Qian, in particular, looks at the history of the Zhou Dynasty, which lasted for 800 years, from the perspective of Renyi Xingbang. This is prominently manifested in the narrative of King Wen, King Wu, King Cheng, and Duke of Zhou.
These kings were all models of the Confucian ideal of the sage lords and courtiers; the situation of harmony between the monarchs and the courtiers in the early Zhou Dynasty and the situation of the Yan Ge Shi Brigade was also the political environment in the Confucian ideal.
In particular, the volume depicts King Wu in special detail, not only specifically describing how he destroyed the process of yin and the founding of the country, but also writing that he abandoned sleep and forgot to eat, established a society, corrected Shuo, and implemented the policy strategy of dividing the feudals, using Yin to control Yin and other an state to fix the country, and to hold the border and annei; showing the image of an ancient politician with grand plans and benevolence and benevolence.
This article starts from how the King of Wu treated the "Three Rens of the End of Yin" to think about the present.
1. "Yin Mo Sanren", the King of Sui destroyed, and the King of Wu zunzhi.
The micro-son goes, the miko is enslaved, and the bigan dies, and Yin has three benevolent beings. - "Analects of the Neutrino"
Bigan, Weizi, and Jizi were equally famous in the last years of the Yin Shang Dynasty, and were called "the three rens of the end of the Yin Dynasty" by Confucius. These three wise men of good will were treated differently under different leaders.
Bigan, the uncle of King Zou, was angered by King Huan for his direct advice, and was dug into his heart and died. After the founding of the State of Zhou Wu, he ordered the repair of the tomb and the thick burial of Bigan.
Wei Zi, the eldest brother of King Huan, left Qiu because he "did not listen to the number of advice". After the founding of the State of Zhou Wu, he restored his title and later became the Prince of Song.
Miko, the uncle of King Huan, was reduced to slavery for pretending to be mad, but was still imprisoned by King Huan. After king Wu of Zhou established the state, he released Mizi, and later gave Jizi the title of Joseon, without making him a subject.
"Yin Mo Sanren", the King of Sui destroyed it, but the King of Wu respected it.
2. "Yin Mo Sanren" is a talent of meritocracy
"Yin Mo Sanren" can be described as a rare talent, using Miko as an example.
【Original】
The first is the elephant basket, and the basket sighs: "He is the elephant basket, and it will be the jade cup; For the cup, then think of the precious things in the distance and be royal. Since then, the gradual rise of the Yuma Palace has been unable to vibrate. "Fornication, fornication, not to listen." People or people: "You can go to the end." Mi zi said: "If you do not listen to the advice of others, it is the evil of the king who speaks to the people, and I cannot bear it." "But he was enslaved by madness."
- Chronicles of History, Volume XXXVIII · Song Weizi family eighth》
【Translation】
He began to make ivory chopsticks. Miko sighed, "Since he made ivory chopsticks, he will definitely make jade cups; if he makes jade cups, he will definitely plan to get precious and strange artifacts from afar to use." The gradual extravagance and magnificence of the Chema Palace room, from then on, he could not cheer up. "He was debauched and debauched, and he did not obey. Someone said, "You can leave." Miko said, "As a subordinate of the king, it is a transgression of the king to exaggerate the king, and I cannot bear to do this by pleasing the people." So he spread his cloak and pretended to be crazy and became a slave.
When Miko saw the use of ivory chopsticks, he foresaw that the country would be difficult to cheer up. The truth turned out to be exactly what he expected. This shows that Miko is like a god.
The king was tyrannical and profligate, drunk and lascivious all day without thinking about government, and left political affairs to villains. Miko repeatedly told the king not to listen, and he could not bear to leave the king. Seeing that the six-hundred-year-old Jiangshan created by Cheng Tang was about to be destroyed in the hands of the King of Sui, Mizi's heart was like a knife, and he simply pretended to be crazy; he took back a life, but was imprisoned by the King of Lu and reduced to a slave. This shows that Miko is loyal to the Lord.
Later, Jizi worshipped King Wu of Zhou, and when he passed through the ruins of the old capital Yin, he saw the collapse of the palace and the grass seedlings, and his heart was sad, and he composed the poem "Mai Xiu": "Mai Mang is sharp and sharp, and the grass seedlings are green and oily." That boy, don't be friendly with me! The "boy" refers to the King of Qiu. It is also enough to see that Miko is really a rare sage, loyal and loyal. It can also be lamented that the poor king of Lu is missing what kind of a talent!
King Wu had already ke yin, and two years later, he asked Ji Zi Yin to die. Miko could not bear to speak of evil, and it was advisable to warn the country of survival. The King of Wu was also ugly, so he asked the Heavenly Dao. - "History Book IV: Zhou Benji No. 4"
Two years after King Wu defeated the Yin Dynasty, he asked Jizi why the Yin Dynasty had fallen. Mizi could not bear to say that the Yin Dynasty was not good, so he told The King of Wu the truth about the survival of the country. King Wu also felt embarrassed, so he deliberately inquired about the natural laws of heaven and earth.
When King Wu asked Mizi the reason for the demise of the Yin Dynasty, he had wanted to seek advice on how to govern the country; but it seemed that it would involve discrediting the affairs of the old dynasty.
The evil deeds of the late Yin Dynasty king have already reached the point where people and gods are indignant, and presumably the idiom of "aiding and abetting abuse" came from this! However, Miko still couldn't bear to say that Yin Dynasty was not good. This shows how noble Miko's mouth is! How many capable people are defeated by the virtue of the mouth; but Miko is able to make his mouth not speak evil words, because he is "intolerant" with his heart. It can be seen that it is virtuous.
3. King Wu of Zhou is thirsty for talent
Regrettably, at the end of the Yin Shang Dynasty, the virtuous were suppressed or brutally killed; in the eyes of King Wu of Zhou, they were thirsty for meritocracy.
As for Zhou, King Wu has not slept since night. Zhou Gongdan, who was the king of the house, said, "Is it sleepless?" Wang Yue: "Tell the daughter: Wei Tian is not angry, spontaneously not born in the present sixty years, elk are herding, and the wilderness is full of wilderness." Heaven does not enjoy yin, but now there is success. Wei Tianjian Yin, whose named three hundred and sixty husbands, is neither obvious nor honorable, and has been extinguished to this day. I'm not sure. What a sleep!" Wang Yue: "Ding Tianbao, according to the Heavenly Chamber, seek evil from the husband, and degrade the King of Yin." Come day and night, fix my western soil. I'm viable, and Defangming...
- "History Book IV: Zhou Benji No. 4"
King Wu returned to the Capital of Zhou and could not sleep peacefully until late at night. Zhou Gongdan came to King Wu's residence and asked, "Why can't you sleep?" King Wu said, "Tell you: Heaven does not enjoy the sacrifices of the Yin Dynasty, and it has been sixty years since I was born, and there are many monsters and pests in the countryside." Heaven did not bless the Yin Dynasty, which enabled us to achieve today's success. Heaven established the Yin Dynasty, and once appointed three hundred and sixty famous people, although it is not a glorious political achievement, but it will not perish, so that the Yin Dynasty has been maintained to this day. I can't keep the fortunes of the zhou dynasty given by god forever, so where can I take care of sleeping?" King Wu added, "I want to make sure that the fortunes of the Zhou Dynasty are unchangeable, that I want to get close to the Heavenly Emperor's house, that I find out all the evil people, and that I punish them like King Yin." I will work diligently day and night to ensure the stability of my West, and I will do all kinds of things well until merit shines in all directions...
The king did not need anyone to disagree with him; the best way to secure his dominance was to eliminate all the able people who disagreed with him.
At the beginning of the founding of the State, King Wu of Zhou often could not sleep at night. In the face of his own success, he soberly saw the situation in front of him, which was the beginning of a hundred wastes to be revived. He tried hard to govern the country well, and the pressure was heavy.
King Wu of Zhou was even more aware of the importance of talent: "The heavens established the Yin Dynasty, and once appointed three hundred and sixty famous people, although it is not a glorious political achievement, but it will not perish, so that the Yin Dynasty has been maintained to this day." He also saw the danger of the villain: "Find all the evil people and punish them, just like king Yin." ”
One of the important ways for King Wu of Zhou to stabilize and prosper his dynasty was to use a large number of talents and sanction all villains.
4. How to screen other people's talents?
Talented, virtuous, virtuous, talented, handsome also... It is the sage who is fully qualified and virtuous, the fool who is both virtuous and dead, the gentleman who wins virtue, and the villain who wins virtue. Whoever takes the art of taking man is not a saint or a gentleman, and it is better to be a fool than a villain. Why? Only when a gentleman threatens him is he thought it is good, and only when a villain is threatened that he thinks it is evil. Only those who think they are good will be good, and those who are threatened will be evil, and those who are threatened will not be evil. Although the fool desires to be unwholesome, the intellect cannot be thorough, and the strength cannot be overcome, for example, the milk dog beats the man, and the man controls it. The little man is wise enough to commit his adultery, brave enough to decide his violence, and he is a tiger and a winged person, and his harm is not much! The virtuous are strict, and the talented are loved. The lover is easy to kiss, the strict is easy to neglect, and it is because the discerning one hides more from the talent and leaves it behind the virtue. Since ancient times, the chaotic subjects of the country and the defeated sons of the family have only surplus and lack of morality, so that there are many subversives. Therefore, those who are the country and the family, can judge the distinction between talents and virtues and know the order, and why lose the feet of others! —— Zizhi Tongjian · King Viriel
Talent is the auxiliary of virtue; virtue is the commander of talent... Those who have both moral integrity and ability are called saints; those who have no virtue and no talents are called fools; those who are more virtuous than they are called gentlemen; if they cannot find saints or gentlemen and are appointed, it is better to get fools than to get villains. Why? For the gentleman holds the talent and uses it for good, while the villain holds the talent for evil. Possessing the ability to do good deeds can do good everywhere; and by virtue of virtue of doing evil, there is no evil and no evil. Although the fool wants to do evil, because his wisdom is not good, his strength is incompetent, just like a puppy pounces on a man, and man can subdue him. And the villain has enough intrigue and trickery to play evil, and has enough strength to commit violence, just like the evil tiger has wings, is his harm not great! The virtuous man is respected, and the talented man is loved; the favorite man is easily spoiled and full-time, and the respected man is easily alienated, so the person who examines the talent is often blinded by the talent of man and forgets to examine his character. Since ancient times, the country's chaotic courtiers and traitors, the family's losers and prodigal sons, because of their surplus and lack of morality, have led to the collapse of the family and the country, and why not Zhi Yao! Therefore, if those who govern the country and the family can examine the two different standards of talent and virtue, and know the order of choice, why should they worry about losing talents? ”
In the Zizhi Tongjian, Sima Guang divides people into four types: one is a saint, and this kind of person is a person with both moral integrity and ability; one is a fool, this kind of person is a person without virtue and no talent; one is a gentleman, this kind of person is a person whose virtue is better than talent; and the other is a small person, and this kind of person is a person with talent and no virtue.
Sima Guang believed that the best talent is a saint; if a saint cannot be found, a gentleman can replace him; if he cannot find a saint or a gentleman, he would rather find a fool to replace him than a villain. For the fool, though incompetent, is incapable of doing great evil and can be subdued. But the harm of villains is greater! Because his character is not good, if he is given the power, platform and other resources, it is like an evil tiger giving birth to wings, which will encourage his ability and influence to do evil.
According to Sima Guang's definition, "Yin Mo Sanren" belongs to the saints. Therefore, according to the different attitudes of King Huan and King Wu of Zhou towards talents, it can be seen that the situation of the country they govern has gone.
Instead of using the "Three Ren of the End of Yin", the King of Lu used villains such as Fei Zhong and Evil Lai to make himself more distant from the princes and to be more disliked by the people. In essence, how could the King of Lu cover up their radiance with or without the "Three Rens"? It is only to cut off one's own left arm and right arm, and also to make the country and mountains insecurity.
King Wu of Zhou, on the other hand, treated villains with absolute intolerance in order to prevent harm to the Sheji Jiangshan; treated talents such as the "Three Rens of the End of Yin", although they may not be able to use them for their own purposes, but they all respected them; they were able to seal the land of Korea to Jizi and did not let him be a subject; it can be seen that his King wu of Zhou's grace and way of being a king can be seen.
5. Look at the past and think about the present
There is a well-known saying: "It is difficult for a smart woman to cook without rice", which refers to the importance of hardware conditions in order to be successful. But what if you pick up the woman? It can be seen that "smart women" are far more important than "rice".
In the same way, in any enterprise or business unit, talent is always the most important. So, what kind of talent is talent? How do you treat talent? This is a question that we want to succeed in our lives and careers, in the process of team building; we have to think deeply about it.
And then, what kind of people are we? What kind of height we want to reach in life requires us to adjust ourselves in our direction. Just the so-called height of career, the height of life, there is no platform, no matter the resources, fight to the end, fight is the character!
Cherish the time to read, share life with you, and talk about the past and the present.