They stared at this flirty moment
Clam up
Text: Zhu Xueqin, Editor: Prophet Bookstore
I often think of Lu Xun, I think of Hu Shi, I think of Qian Mu, and I don't think much of Liang Shiqiu, Lin Yutang, and Zhou Zuoren.
Lu Xun: Save the memory of a nation
For Lu Xun, my understanding has been repeated, and there have been ups and downs in my feelings. The 60s and 70s were faithful, and the 80s were skeptical, alienated, and even a little bored. At the end of the 80s, I realized that the era I was in was still Lu Xun's era.
The relationship between the reader and the author formed in the era of one-sided belief is tantamount to an arranged marriage. In addition to ideological readings, another kind of reading you can read is Lu Xun, and if your understanding of the first half of the 20th century is not satisfied with the indoctrination of textbooks, then read the annotations at the end of Lu Xun's complete works.
The resulting love, blind love, love without choice, is different from arranged marriage? Arranged marriages are unreliable and can easily be interfered with by third parties.
Since the 1980s, how many new third parties from the spiritual world have been brought in? As a result, arranged marriages break down and another option arises, which is completely normal. Having endured the shocks of the 80s and remaining stuck in its original state, it is not respectable, but a terrible state.
At the end of the 80s, everything that stirred up began to settle down. At this time, lu xun gradually returned and became close. Returning at this time can be said to be the understanding after the pain.
I once thought that his style of writing was his personality, and later I understood that it was that kind of realistic environment that forced out that style, and it could even be said that it was that kind of era that needed that style. It was in that style that he faithfully reflected the darkness of that era.
On the other hand, now reading Lin Yutang and reading Liang Shiqiu, do you still imagine that on the edge of such a timeless and light text, there was a "March 18" bloody case, and there was "the darkest day since the Republic of China"? Of course, in that state of mind, Lu Xun also consumed himself. He couldn't do or keep the kind of knowledge that Qian Zhongshu had.
I miss Lu Xun, I have my dislike for myself, and I often have a shame of surviving. The dust of everyday life, which effectively covers the shame every day, accumulates thicker and thicker enough to make you forget about their existence.
Only when you read Lu Xun will you think that the basic function of writing is to save the memory of a nation, to heal a little of your own shame and amnesia, and to force yourself to walk against the ground and dare not dance in the clouds.
In addition, there is a selfish act, that is, the dislike of the taste of the literati. This may be my bias.
Among Lu Xun's contemporaries, they would read that familiar smell to some extent, but Lu Xun did not. Lu Xun, on the other hand, was more qualified than any of them to live that kind of exquisite and elegant literati life. In Lu Xun's spiritual world, it is usually the place where the literati use to chant the flower product moon, and he fills in with the stubbornness of almost an old farmer.
It doesn't matter whether he bites into this land or if he bites at it. Importantly, he was a Chinese literati, but he may be the only one who has not been corrupted by China's literati tradition. It's a very mundane thing, but it should be surprising.
I had been harsh on Lu Xun with the height of Chernyshevsky, Belinsky, and Dostoevsky in Russia, and only later did I realize that in a secular country without religious resources, Lu Xun had exhausted his life by insisting on the height at which the secular spirit could support it.
Think about it, Chinese chanted Lu Xun all day long, did anyone dare to inherit his spirit and his style? That alone says it all. Everyone can talk about Lu Xun, but they hang Lu Xun high, hang people on high, and let them dry. Lu Xun's life was not happy, and Lu Xun's death was even more tragic.
Lu Xun was left with regrets.
Now it is Liang Shiqiu, Lin Yutang, and Zhou Zuoren who use the intellectuals to balance Lu Xun. And I think that it is Hu Shi who can really balance Lu Xun and establish another value coordinate in addition to Lu Xun, and at the same time not insult Lu Xun.
▌ Hu Shi: He criticized that era with a calm attitude
Hu Shi's life was a life of adherence to liberalism. Remarkablely, he persevered for 60 years with a gentle attitude that matched this belief, while remaining firm. He was neither provoked by that era, poisoned together in his anger, nor attracted by the literary sensibility of escaping that era.
He had every reason to go to one of these poles, but this gentle man had done something that a stubborn character could not do—always criticizing the era with a calm attitude, but not hot, not slippery, not performing, not sophisticated.
If you think about it, such a peaceful attitude can persist in such a filthy world for 60 years, which is not a saint, but a miracle. Hu Shi's personality, together with the 60-year environment in which this character has lived, will make people discover that this is also a surprising thing.
Hu Shi's academic achievements are average, but the big festival does not fall, and his personality is more attractive. Lu Xun had harsh comments on him before his death, but after Lu Xun's death, when asked by posterity about Hu Shi's evaluation of Lu Xun, Hu Shi told the visitors that the unique contribution of the Zhou brothers in modern cultural history could not be erased.
When the Lei Zhen case occurred, Hu Shi originally had reservations about Lei Zhen's way of acting, and with the reasonable and reasonable standards of some people today, Hu Shi could completely stand by and accuse Lei Zhen of committing "radicalism" disease. No one expected that when asked about his reaction to this matter, Hu Shi would be so emotional. He replied on the spot with the Song Dynasty Yang Wanli's poem "Guiyuanpu":
Ten thousand mountains are not allowed to run a stream,
The sound of the creek is noisy day and night.
Wait until the foot of the mountain ahead is finished,
Tangtang Creek out of the former village.
I once talked to an old scholar about it. The old man was lying sick and sleeping in a deep bed, and suddenly sat up from the bed, reciting this poem, and tears filled his eyes!
Qian Mu: A credible commentary on the cultural changes in modern China
I still think of Qian Mu from time to time.
"Eighty Memories of Parents, Teachers and Friends Miscellaneous Memories", such a title, before the opening of the volume, lets the human body taste the Confucian conception of life, which is so kind and natural: the body is fleshed by the parents, and the spiritual life develops from the teacher and friends. Neither life is biased. Qian Mu is known for his study of Chinese cultural history, and his memoirs themselves provide a credible commentary on china's cultural changes in modern times.
Qian Mu did not go to college. However, in the primary and secondary school careers he spent in Su, Xi, and often, among his classmates were Liu Bannong, Chen Tianhua, Qu Qiubai, and among the teachers were Lu Simian, and the prosperity of humanities for a while made today's Oxford and Cambridge doctors envious.
In the summer of 1941, he returned to his hometown and relatives in the province, when his reputation was no longer under Lü Simian, Lu Simian invited him to return to his alma mater, Changzhou No. 5 Middle School, to give a speech, and Qian Mu respectfully obeyed his orders. A generation of masters of traditional Chinese studies, standing shoulder to shoulder with the teachers of that year, even thought of themselves as students. He admonished the young alumni:
This is the head of the school forty years ago, leading his forty years old student, ordered him to speak here. The material aspect of house construction has changed greatly, and in terms of personnel, forty years ago, a pair of teachers and students are as emotional as yesterday, just like in the present of the kings.
This is a rare occurrence in the history of the school. Today's speech of an old student from forty years ago is nothing more than that of his teacher forty years ago.
Today's yu speech is deeply awaited by the new students who are here forty years later, and I am eager to be taught by the teachers who have been here for forty years. The school has been a centenary tree person, and its spirit is here.
Qian Mu parted ways with the New Culture Movement academically, but he was fairly grateful that it was the stalwarts of the New Culture Movement who brought him up. Gu Jie just returned to Suzhou to visit his relatives, discovered Qian Mu's talent, and recommended him to teach at Yenching University. A secondary school teacher without a college diploma stepped onto the university podium.
Later, he fell out of peace with Hu Shi, but this did not prevent Hu Shi from hiring him as a professor at Peking University. Should all these memories, in turn, correct some seasonal scholars' excess criticism of the New Culture Movement and its characters?
Between Lu Xun, Hu Shi, and Qian Mu, one of them did not get along well with the other. However, they formed the pillars of intellectuals in the 30s.
Do we repeat Liang Shiqiu's Yashe, Zhou Zuoren's Bitter Tea, and Lin Yutang's recipes, or do we honestly tell our students that we have had Lu Xun's social criticism, Hu Shi's free thought, and Qian Mu's rigorous studies?
The unity of the three should be the three main images we introduce our students to the intellectuals of the 30s. It was a dead iron triangle, and they stared at this frivolous moment, silent.
Lu Xun, Hu Shi, Qian Mu, the flag bearer of the Literary Association, the leader of the New Culture Movement, and the leader of the national history, the three of them have discord with each other, but they can form the spiritual "iron triangle" of the 1930s. It not only infused the pillars of culture at that time, but also provided ideological nourishment for today's people.
As teacher Zhu Xueqin said: "Only when a nation has some people who pay attention to the sky can they have hope; a nation only cares about the things under its feet, and there is no future." ”
The concept derived from thought is the most basic logic of action in a society. Behind the history of defamiliarization is the idea of more defamiliarization.
Only by going deep into the depths of the thinking of that era, understanding the care and thinking, doctrine and ideals of the predecessors, and discovering the stirring ideological trend behind prosperity and chaos can we truly understand the Republic of China.
To this end, Prophet Bookstore sincerely recommends the "Republic of China Ideological Trends Reader", from the perspective of ideological trends, reconnecting the Republic of China, so that we can deeply and comprehensively understand the Republic of China, and better understand the present.
◎ Comprehensive × classics × scarce: a set of original Republic of China thought encyclopedia
The complexity and diversity of the ideas of the Republic of China are far beyond our imagination. Liang Qichao, Kang Youwei, Hu Shi, Chen Duxiu, these masters who occupy almost all the ink and ink in history books, can only represent a small part of the ideological trend of the Republic of China.
It is almost impossible to collect all kinds of ideas in one book. In addition to including almost all representative articles of various ideological trends and factions that originated in the Republic of China, the "Readings of Ideological Trends in the Republic of China" also includes many scarce historical documents written by Yang Du, Luo Longji, and others, which are rarely made public for various reasons.
◎ This is a set of classic books that are indispensable on the shelves of everyone who cares about China's future
Today, looking back at the various ideological trends, doctrines, and wars of words in the past from the "Reading Of ideological trends in the Republic of China", in fact, the current process of Chinese history is still on the extension line of this century-old ideological agitation, and many of today's confusion, helplessness and resentment can be enlightened and dispelled when reading the peak of the Republic of China thought.
If everyone who cares about China today has an indispensable set of classic readings on the shelves, then it is not this set of "Republic of China Thought Trends Reader". For various reasons, this book has been almost out of print on the Internet, the Prophet Bookstore also has a small amount of inventory of the publishing house, sold out of print, identify the QR code in the following figure, you can collect it with one click.
Source | The author of this article: Zhu Xueqin, thank you Teacher Zhu. If there is any infringement, please contact us to remove it.