Since the Nanchang Uprising on August 1, 1927, the Chinese People's Liberation Army has gone through 94 years of arduous history. From the agrarian revolutionary war to socialist construction, from small to large, from weak to strong. It is not only an important force in overthrowing reactionary rule, but also made great contributions to the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the consolidation of political power and the reunification of the motherland. Chairman Mao once summed up the "three unlearned" historical figures, reminding everyone to take them as a warning, and also becoming a magic weapon for the army to win. What kind of people and events have sounded the alarm bell for officers and soldiers at all levels and helped the Communist Army achieve countless brilliant achievements? Click on it and start talking now!
The first thing Mao Zedong did not learn was Xiang Yu's indecisiveness, which would not listen to the opinions of others. Mao Zedong liked to watch drama, and his defender Li Yinqiao recalled that for a time the chairman liked to watch "Farewell to the Overlord", and he said to Li Yinqiao: Don't learn from the Western Chu Overlord. I don't want to learn, you don't want to learn, everyone don't want to learn!
Why can't you learn from the Western Chu Overlord? At that time, Fan Rongyan at the Hongmen Banquet asked Xiang Yu to design to kill Liu Bang. However, because he credulously believed Liu Bang's false intentions as a vassal, and because he was concerned that he had killed him at this time to leave an ill-gotten name, he ignored Fan Zeng's words and let Liu Bang go. As a result, Xiang Yu, who had the opportunity to win the world, eventually killed himself in Wujiang. Mao Zedong attached great importance to Xiang Yu's failure lessons, and could not learn from his fame and reputation, leaving Liu Bang with a chance to breathe.
At the beginning of 1949, the overall situation of the liberation of all China by the Chinese People's Liberation Army had been decided. However, Chiang Kai-shek vainly wanted peace talks and tried to discuss peace matters under the condition of preserving the Constitution, the army, and other reactionary state apparatus. Mao Zedong knew that history could not repeat itself, and that peace was only Chiang Kai-shek's strategy to slow down the army. In his "Order to March to the Whole Country," he ordered the army to "advance courageously, resolutely, thoroughly, cleanly, and completely annihilate all resisting Kuomintang reactionaries in China and liberate the people of the whole country."
It took the People's Liberation Army only three days to break through the Yangtze River defense line that the Kuomintang army had been painstakingly operating for more than three months, and on April 23, 1949, the Kuomintang rule ended. Mao Zedong wrote "Seven Laws: The People's Liberation Army Occupies Nanjing", which contains a verse: It is advisable to chase the poor and the poor with courage, and not to become a famous scholar and overlord. It clearly shows the resolute attitude of carrying the revolution through to the end.
By 1963, Mao Zedong also instructed that the "History of Xiang Yu Benji" be "sent to all comrades for reading," reminding leading cadres at all levels to learn the lessons of Xiang Yu and that the revolution should not be abandoned halfway.
The second person Mao Zedong insisted on not learning was Shi Dakai, who did not know how to unite the forces of ethnic minorities. The Red Army had a similar situation with Shi Dakai's Taiping Army. In May 1863, the taiping army came to the front of the Dadu River, where the situation was dangerous, the river swelled, and at this time there were Qing Dynasty pursuers behind, the situation was already very critical, Shi Dakai
However, to celebrate his newborn son, he gave the army three days off, and by this time the fighter had been delayed. The Qing army caught up,
He also bought the Fan Tusi Wang Yingyuan and the Yi Tusi Ling Cheng'en, causing the local ethnic minorities to also turn to attack the Taiping Army, and Shi Dakai was pursued by heavy troops.
There is only one way to cross the river, and the water is dangerous
Several forced crossings have not been successful. Faced with the four-sided containment of the Qing army and ethnic minority soldiers, the Taiping Army's goods were robbed, the grain and grass were exhausted, and they fell into a dead end. Shi Dakai wanted to exchange his own life for the survival of the army, but after the Qing army tricked Shi Dakai into surrendering, he betrayed his faith and followed Shi Dakai into the camp with 2,000 soldiers and was also killed.
In 1935, also in May, there was also an enemy's encirclement and blockade, and the Red Army marched to the northwest of Sichuan and went north to resist the Japanese, and needed to cross the Dadu River. Chiang Kai-shek was still fantasizing that the Communist army would repeat Shi Dakai's mistakes. However, unlike Shi Dakai, Mao Zedong led the army to do its best to seize the opportunity to cross the river, and in order to save time, most of the troops chose to take a small road and directly pass through the Yi gathering area, where people were not friendly to foreign troops due to long-term oppression by bureaucrats and warlords
Extensively carry out mass work,
Calling on the whole army to observe discipline and adhere to the ethnic policy,
Commander Liu Bocheng also made an alliance with the Yi chieftain,
With the support of the local ethnic minorities, they were eventually able to cross the river smoothly. The Communist Party was able to grasp the opportunity for battle and at the same time take the initiative to unite the forces of the ethnic minorities, and only then did it take the road that Shi Dakai did not take.
The third person Mao Zedong did not learn was Li Zicheng, who was proud and complacent and greedy for pleasure. In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen, Li Zicheng led a peasant rebel army to capture Xi'an, and the name of the country was "Dashun", but his Dashun Dynasty withdrew from the historical stage in less than two years.
After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he established a new political apparatus, and soon became busy with pleasure, ignoring the threat from the Qing army and the remnants of the Ming Dynasty, and did not do a good job of appeasing the surrendered troops. Within the new regime, there are often false public funds for personal gain, indiscriminate punishments, and the problem of corruption among officers and soldiers is serious.
Peng Sunyi's "Liu Kou Zhi" records: "Women without husbands are forced to match thieves." Rape and killing, prepare for cruelty. The goods are exhausted, and the diet is the same. If you don't give it a little, the knife-backed horse tomb will often be killed. ”
Not only was the people miserable, but the landlord class also began to panic on a large scale. Those who had surrendered were no longer willing to serve Li Zicheng and turned to the enemy Qing forces. When Li Zicheng gained the political initiative for a while, he thought that he was done, but he only knew that being a hedonistic emperor in the Golden Ruan Palace could not strictly restrain himself and his generals, or even tolerate indulgence. afterward
The Ming general Wu Sangui surrendered to the Qing Dynasty and led the Qing troops into the pass, but the rebel army was powerless to resist and withdrew from Beijing.
Before entering Beiping, Mao Zedong said: "Comrades, we are going to enter Beiping. When we entered Beiping, it was not Li Zicheng who entered Beijing, they changed when they entered Beiping. We Communists entered Peiping to continue the revolution and build socialism until communism was realized. We must educate the soldiers not to be caught in the sugar-coated shells of the bourgeoisie. If we do not learn the lesson of Li Zicheng's defeat, we will be proud and complacent when we win victory, and if we are separated from the masses of the people, the fruits of the Communist Party's victory will probably be lost." Therefore, we must always be vigilant, maintain the style of arduous struggle, and strengthen the will of poverty and indomitable.
Mao Zedong was worthy of being a leader of great wisdom and wisdom, taking history as a mirror and knowing that he had learned something and did not learn something, in order to avoid the recurrence of the tragedy of history. History is a guide to action and a wake-up call for thought. The communist army always has strict discipline and a clear direction, so it can maintain a sober mind and revolutionary courage and stand in an invincible position.