In November, Xiang Yuchen went to the general Song Yi, that is, he beheaded Song Yi in his account. The commander of the army said: "Song Yi and Qi conspired against Chu, and the king of Chu Yin ordered him to be cursed!" "When it was, all the generals were intimidated, and they did not dare to branch out, and they all knew: "The first chu, the general's family; now the general is in turmoil." "Nai Xiang and Gong Li Yu are false generals. Make people chase after Song Yizi, and Qi, kill him. Huan Chu was sent to King Huai. King Huai made Yu a general.
Since the zizhi tongjian was written, successive emperors and generals, literati and dignitaries from all walks of life have been competing to read it. It has become an indispensable textbook for officials and politicians, and has been enshrined as a golden rule and a supreme treasure. Throughout the ages, there have been countless emperors, sages, Hongru and modern politicians, thinkers, and scholars who commented on the "Zizhi Tongjian", and today Hongru teacher will take everyone to interpret the "Zizhi Tongjian".
Song Yi: "Because I said one more word, I sent myself to the front line"
The Battle of the Giant Deer Song Yi flinched and was killed by Xiang Yu, for more than two thousand years when talking about this war, Song Yi seems to have appeared in history textbooks with a negative image of fear of war and cowardice, Song Yi's popularity in history is very low, he was killed by Xiang Yu just after he appeared, his appearance seems to be just to set off Xiang Yu's bravery and might, compared with the later Western Chu overlord Xiang Yu, Song Yi was eclipsed, but the real history of Song Yi is not so weak and incompetent, and posterity misunderstood him for more than two thousand years.
At the end of Qin, the world was in chaos, after Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up, the uprisings in various places were ignited, and the Qin Dynasty was pushed into the crematorium of history, of which the greatest power in Chu was Xiang Liang, Xiang Liang was a descendant of xiang Yan, the great general of the Chu state, Xiang Yan was comparable to the gods in the hearts of the Chu people, especially after his heroic martyrdom, the Chu people were even more gritting their teeth and looking for an opportunity to avenge the snow and hatred, so there has been a folk song in Chu: Although Chu has three households, the death of Qin will be Chu. Therefore, chudi's anti-Qin campaign was the greatest, but the Qin Dynasty, whose rule was already in jeopardy, also produced a number of last famous generals, the most famous of which was Zhang Handan, who was the last famous general of the Qin Dynasty.
In the second year of Qin II (208 BC), Zhang Handan defeated Xiang Liang, this battle was a big blow to the Chu rebellion, Zhang Handan therefore thought that the Chu forces were vulnerable, but one by one, he crossed the Yellow River, attacked the Zhao State, won consecutive battles, broke the Zhao army, and soon hit the capital of the Zhao State, Handan, razed Handan to the ground, the Zhao army was defeated, the Zhao army was defeated, the Zhao King fled to Julu, and was surrounded by the Qin general Wang, falling into an embarrassing situation of passive beating, the King of Zhao had no choice but to ask for help from the State of Chu, and the State of Chu was also hesitant to go to war. After all, Zhang Handan was too fierce, just defeated Xiang Liang, and destroyed the State of Zhao, in case of repeated defeat, I am afraid that the State of Chu is also in a precarious situation, at this time the emissary of the State of Qi, Gao Lingjun, is in the State of Chu, the State of Zhao is quite close to the State of Qi, in case Zhang Handan comes to be interested, with the destruction of the State of Qi, it is estimated that he will not be able to go back, so Gao Lingjun vigorously mobilized the State of Chu to send troops to save Zhao, and also recommended a best candidate to the King of Chu - Song Yi.
Song Yi was thus pushed to the front of the historical stage, why did Gao Lingjun recommend Song Yi? Because when Song Yi and Gao Lingjun were nagging, they said with a word: Xiang Liang and Zhang Handan will be defeated in battle! Gao Lingjun then praised Song Yi in front of King Huai of Chu, believing that this was a rare talent, and King Huai of Chu immediately appointed Song Yi as a general, Xiang Yu as a second general, and Fan Zeng as the last general.
Xiang Yu: "The King of Huai was all established by me, so why did you lead me?" Dare to satirize me for being simple-minded! ”
Xiang Yu was quite dissatisfied with such a personnel arrangement, because even the King of Chu Huai was established by the Xiang family, and Xiang Yu had thought that the King of Chu Huai would let himself go to the rescue as the main general, but he did not expect that because of the words of others, he would hand over the military power to others. A few months later, Song Yi led the army to Anyang, but in Anyang, Song Yi actually stagnated, has been staying for 46 days, looking at Song Yi's slow and leisurely appearance all day, Xiang Yu was angry, in his opinion Song Yi should quickly lead the troops to attack, he angrily found Song Yi, asking Song Yi and Zhao Jun to cooperate with each other and defeat the Qin army, at this time Song Yi also said his thoughts:
Song Yixing went to Anyang and stayed for forty-six days without entering. Xiang Yu said: "Qin encircles Zhao Qian, it is advisable to lead troops to cross the river; Chu attacks outside it, Zhao ying is inside, and the Qin army will be broken!" Song Yiyue: "Not really." The flies of the cattle should not break the lice. Now that Qin attacks Zhao, if the army is tired if it is victorious, I will accept it; if I do not win, then I will lead the troops to the west and will lift Qin Yi. Therefore, it is better to fight Qin and Zhao first.
Qin and Zhao fight each other, just like the two tigers fighting each other, our ultimate goal is to destroy Qin, not to save Zhao, even if the Qin state destroys the Zhao state, it will inevitably be seriously injured, then we can once and for all, destroy the Qin army, the reason why we stay for 46 days, mainly to recuperate, if we can defeat the Qin army, it is better, if we can't win the battle, then take advantage of the time when Qin Zhao starts a war, advance westward, and take Xianyang directly.
After explaining his war ideas in detail for Xiang Yu, song Yi said this to Xiang Yu:
Husbands are stubborn, and righteousness is not as good as justice; sitting on planning, justice is not as good as righteousness. ”
Wearing armor and holding sharp weapons to fight on the battlefield, I am not as good as you, but strategic, strategic, you are not as good as me, this sentence deeply stung Xiang Yu's nerves, Song Yi's words are almost jokes that he has no brains to fight, he originally had no good impression of you, and now he dares to laugh at song Yi, and Xiang Yu's resentment towards Song Yi is increasing. As a result, Xiang Yu believed that Song Yi was afraid of the battle, so he rushed into the big tent, cut off Song Yi, led the Chu army to break the cauldron and sink the boat, fought a battle against the water, and finally won the Battle of Julu.
Hongrujun: Xiang Yu's selfishness led to Song Yi's unjust death, which was misunderstood by posterity in 2000!
So is Song Yi's military view correct? This is actually a very correct way of thinking, Xiang Yu's greatest wish is to restore the Chu State, but Song Yi's vision is more long-term, in his opinion, this war is not only the Qin army like a tiger and a wolf, but also a fly-like Zhao State, and his goal is also very clear: to destroy them all! Unify the countries!
I have to say that Song Yi is not only an outstanding military genius, but also a politician with a deep city government, in this war, in fact, Song Yi secretly plotted a lot, he sent his son Song Xiang to the State of Qi as the prime minister, hoping that at the critical moment, the State of Qi can send troops to help. However, this move was slandered by Xiang Yu as an adulterous affair with the State of Qi and a conspiracy against Chu.
In fact, this was just an excuse, the reason why Xiang Yu was so anxious to attack the Qin army was because at that time, the King of Chu Huai personally promised in front of Liu Bang and Xiang Yu: Enter Guanzhong first to destroy Qin, for the King of Guanzhong. At this time, Liu Bang was already making rapid progress, and was about to hit Xianyang, and Song Yi stayed in Anyang for 46 days to completely disrupt his plan to seize the title of king of Guanzhong, so he killed Song Yi and led the Chu army to break the cauldron. However, this kind of behavior is very risky, Zhang Handan had 200,000 troops at that time, Zhao Jun took care of himself, and when the Chu army came, it was estimated that he also wanted to preserve his strength and avoid hitting the bottom of the family, the Chu army had broken the boat, once it was not victorious, it was easy to fall into a desperate situation, this was the last fresh force of the Chu State, once it failed, the consequences were unimaginable, this battle was a fluke victory, so that Xiang Yu's prestige was greatly enhanced, but it gambled on all the hopes of the Chu State.
The death of Song Yi was actually caused by Xiang Yu's selfish intentions, and there was also an indirect relationship with Liu Bang, and Song Yi, who could have shined at the end of the Qin Dynasty, ended his life with an unexpected ending, and was misunderstood by posterity for more than two thousand years.
Reference: Zizhi Tongjian