In the spring of the third year of Zhengde (1508), Wang Yangming arrived at Longchangyi. The yuanshuiyi and luojiuyi mentioned earlier are all ancient communication institutions like longchangyi. The Ming Dynasty followed the postal system of the Yuan Dynasty and retained many post offices to a certain extent. The station has about three functions.
First, to deliver military messages. Post stations are generally located on major transportation routes or border areas, which are convenient for observing local civil unrest or detecting news of foreign invasions. In the event of an emergency, messages can be delivered through the pawns in the station. Second, provide horses for passing pawns. If it is urgent military news, it is usually the responsibility of the first one pawn, and the past station will only provide stagecoaches, replacing the tired stagecoaches. Third, to provide accommodation and food for past officials and business travelers. In ancient times, when transportation was inconvenient, it was not possible to accurately stay in the place, and the post stations were all located on the traffic line, and the officials could take a break at the station. If you have a pass issued by the imperial court, you can also stay at the station. At this time, the station assumed the function of a hotel.
Longchangyi, in Xiuwen County, more than 80 miles northwest of today's Guiyang City, is a place with dangerous mountains and high roads, snakes, insects, rats and ants, and miasma. Most of the permanent residents of this place are Miao, Yi and Yao, and most of the people who have migrated are fugitives from the Central Plains and merchants of the Horse Gang. At first viewing the ruins of the Dragon Farm Station, Wang Yangming was already able to understand the local security situation. From the broken wood of the station, Wang Yangming could imagine the scene of the establishment of the Longchang Station in the first place.
After the Yuan Dynasty unified the whole country, although it implemented the provincial system, it still respected the local toast system for many ethnic minority areas. The leader of the Yi people who ruled this area in the early Ming Dynasty was Lady Xiangxiang, a female leader who loved her people. Her husband An Yicui was a consolation envoy for the Guizhou Xuanwei Division, and led the various toasts in Shuixi, Guizhou. After her husband's death, Lady Xiang continued to serve as the envoy of the Guizhou Xuanwei Division, becoming the most famous ethnic minority leader in the local area. However, Ma Ye, the commander of the Ming Garrison in Guizhou, disregarded the actual situation and wanted to carry out a mandatory "land reform and return to the stream" in Guizhou.
"Changing the land and returning to the stream" means breaking the local rule of the toast and instead sending officials to rule the local area. This would not only prevent rebellions by local ethnic minorities, but also strengthen the direct rule of the imperial court. However, at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial court did not have the conditions to "change the land and return to the stream". Ma Ye wanted to enforce it by detaining Lady Xiang, but unexpectedly provoked a rebellion in various toasts, and then he took a bloody crackdown. Lady Xiang endured the humiliation and burden, and with the help of another female leader of the Yi tribe, Liu Shuzhen, she was finally released by the imperial court.
Zhu Yuanzhang understood the situation at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, and in order to avoid another sword attack, he punished Ma Ye and let Lady Xiang administer the area for generations. In good faith, Lady Xiang promised to assist the imperial court in building nine stations on the road from Guizhou to Sichuan. First, the imperial court has a post road and a post station, and can directly send troops to control Guizhou; second, with a post station, the Yi chiefs can receive the emissaries of the imperial court and pass on official documents; third, they can receive past merchants through the post station, and promote economic, trade and cultural exchanges between Guizhou and the Central Plains.
At this time, Shuixi Xuanwei Wasque rong, a descendant of Lady Huanxiang, and was a very courageous Leader of the Yi people. Longchangyi is not a large post, only one post, one official, 23 horses, 23 laying, and a number of pawns. However, during the Zhengde period, not only were the houses not preserved, the horses were not prepared, and the pawns had long since fled. The four masters and servants of Wang Yangming saw the scene of destruction, and had to build a grass hut as a temporary resting place.
In the process of building the grass hut, local ethnic minorities came to greet them. Although the language barrier is not spoken, the other party can understand the meaning of the other party through gestures. Guizhou is ushering in the rainy season, so the grass house can not really block the wind and rain. The grass hut leaked rain, and Wang Yangming's master and servant continued to repair it. After a long journey and a painstaking effort to build a barn, they were already exhausted. In order to alleviate their fatigue, they took out the turbid wine they had brought with them and drank it, while watching the otter deer running outside the grass hut. In the haze, they finally spent a relatively quiet evening.
Arriving at Longchang, Wang Yangming's master and servant faced two problems that needed to be solved urgently: where to live and where to eat. Although the grass hut can be temporarily sheltered from the rain, it will collapse after a strong wind. Caolu is only an emergency residence and cannot be lived for a long time, especially in Guizhou, a place with a changeable climate. On the other hand, there was no grain to pay, and Wang Yangming's master and servant did not carry much dry food. If you want to survive in the Dragon Farm, you must have a steady stream of food. Living and eating are the most basic conditions to ensure survival, and Wang Yangming has also racked his brains for this.
Wang Yangming and his servants crossed the mountains and mountains, explored everywhere, and finally found a stone cave. This cave bears some resemblance to the Yangming Cave in Yuyao and was named "Yangming Little Cave Heaven" by Wang Yangming. Although the cave is damp, it can protect it from the wind and rain, and it is a natural and good place to live. The four masters and servants moved into the cave, just as Sun Wukong in "Journey to the West" led the monkeys into the water curtain cave. They used stone as a bed, a table and a stool, and a stove, and made a unique taste of the cave fairy.
Dongtian is a Taoist term, and there are ten large cave heavens, thirty-six small cave heavens, and seventy-two blessed lands at the cave heavens. These places are the dwelling places of the gods and have always been revered by cultivators. Wang Yangming was once obsessed with the affairs of the Immortal Buddha, and finally realized the wrong of the Buddha in the Yangming Cave of Yuyao. Being able to find such a cave in the Dragon Field, the remaining Immortal Buddha's mind in Wang Yangming's heart began to be strange again. However, perhaps he named the cave "Yangming Small Cave Heaven" only to match the elegant and flowing scenery with the concept of the Immortal Buddha.
Wang Yangming transcended personal honor and humiliation in the cave, but he had not yet seen through life and death. He meditated all day in the cave for meditation. After a period of retreat, the knots in my chest gradually dissipated, and I was in a good mood. Just when Wang Yangming's state of mind was wide open, the three servants fell ill at the same time. They are all from Yuyao, Zhejiang, and are familiar with the water and soil there, and when they first arrived in Guizhou, it was inevitable that some water and soil would be dissatisfied. And because the cave is particularly wet, it is already harmful to health. In order to let the three servants recover as soon as possible, Wang Yangming did several particularly interesting things.
First, he personally picked the herbs, boiled the soup and decocted the medicines, and served the three servants. Wang Yangming was a brother in the Wang family, and he had never done any tiring and rough work. Since he was belittled, Wang Yangming had run around, and he had come to the Dragon Farm with these three servants from afar, and had already exercised his mind. Wang Yangming learned to lower his identity and learned to get close to real people from the heart. After this incident, Wang Yangming not only understood empathy, but also repositioned human nature.
Second, break the concerns in the servant's heart in the form of divination. In Guizhou, there are many Yao people who make good use of witchcraft. Once poison is used against someone, that person will undoubtedly die. Although Wang Yangming had also heard about it, he concluded that the servants' illness was only caused by the disobedience of the water and soil. If the patient is mentally burdened, it is a great obstacle to the recovery of the body. To this end, Wang Yangming calculated a trigram for the servants and obtained the image that "the disaster is only temporary", thus dispelling the concerns of the servants.
Finally, chant poems for entertainment. Maintaining a good mood is important for the patient's health recovery. During the illness of the servants, Wang Yangming gave them a lot of poetry and songs, and sometimes even performed songs and dances for the servants. A cave that was originally quiet became a constant stream of laughter. In this way, Wang Yangming eliminated the loneliness of the servants and also dispelled his inner worries.
The servants' condition began to improve. In the process of collecting medicinal herbs and bracken, Wang Yangming had a certain degree of contact with the local Yaomin, Miaomin and Yimin. Han Chinese exiles and former merchants are also willing to stay here and listen to Wang Yangming's innovative grand theories. Wang Yangming's thoughts could not bear to stay, and he always thought like a fountain and gushed endlessly. His off-site lectures won the favor of the local people, which gave him another understanding of his miserable situation.
He often wondered: What path would the saints get in such a situation? If Confucius had not had the tragic experience of traveling around the world for many years, he would not have had so many insights and so many avenues. Wang Yangming suddenly realized the Dao of Knowledge, which skillfully linked human nature with the Heavenly Dao.
Most of the knowledge of lattice objects is external, and it is often burdened by external things. Different people have different understandings of the Heavenly Dao, and different understandings have different paths. Instead of confusing the annotations of Zhou Dunyi, Ercheng, Zhu Xi and others, it is better to directly interpret the original text. That is to say, when we cite second-hand information, it is easy to be influenced by this researcher, thus losing the space for our own thinking. If you want to have a new breakthrough, you must start from the most original data and start from your own heart in order to exhaustive reasoning.
"The way of the saints, my nature is self-sufficient, I do not pretend to ask for anything", it is Wang Yangming's epiphany feelings. When Wang Yangming realized this meaning, he couldn't help but cheer and jump up, frightening the sleeping servants to wake up. The servants could not understand Wang Yangming's joy, but they could see Wang Yangming's excitement of epiphany. In order to further verify this epiphany, Wang Yangming took the words in his silently memorized "Book of Poetry", "Shang Shu", "Li Ji", "Zhou Yi", and "Spring and Autumn" to corroborate it, and there was no disagreement.
Wang Yangming grew up reading the Four Books and Five Classics annotated by Zhu Xi and others, and he has been unable to penetrate the way of the saints because he cannot return to his original heart. Zhu Xi and others added too many of their own speculations to the original materials of the saints, confusing future generations. The Song Confucians did not really want to restore the path of the saints, but to expound their own theories and misinterpret the words of the saints. Zhu Xi believed that the qualities of the world lie in the things under the grid, and the things under the world are infinite, so how can we derive the Heavenly Dao or the Heavenly Principle? Wang Yangming used his own experience of failing to make bamboo, and now he finally realized Zhu Xi's nonsense.
Wang Yangming changed from worshipping Song Ru to criticizing Song Ru, thus writing the Five Classics of Hypothesis. Linking the knowledge of qualities with moral theory and developing the theory of "to conscience" was the greatest progress in thinking after Wang Yangming's epiphany. Because of the epiphany, Wang Yangming became handy in telling any classic. The ethnic minorities in this area all came to listen to Wang Yangming's lectures and gradually established a deep friendship with him.
Local residents saw that the cave where Wang Yangming lived was very damp, and they had the idea of building a house for him. On a hillside, local residents cut down bamboo and built a very large house in a short period of time. The house not only has a living room, a living room, but also a pavilion and a courtyard. A new home jumped on top of the Dragon Farm Mountain, attracting many students to study. Wang Yangming did not name it Longchangyi, but instead named it Longgang Academy.
The literati paid more attention to elegance, so they named the four-walled but clean and comfortable living room He Burxuan, the simple but spacious and bright living room named Binyang Hall, and the natural pavilion without carving but surrounded by green bamboo as Junzi Pavilion. Wang Yangming, who belongs to the class of scholars and doctors, has never really understood the true side of the folk. In the past, he only glimpsed the tip of the iceberg. Now he mingles with the local residents, and can be regarded as "coming from the masses and going to the masses." Only when the spirit and flesh are infiltrated with the atmosphere of the lower society will he deeply implement the Confucian people-oriented thinking.
With true understanding, you will open your heart to do what you really want to do. In Kyoshi, he had already grasped the efficacy of the lectures. Lectures can exert a great influence on public opinion among literati and ordinary people, and can not only achieve the purpose of popularizing cultural knowledge, but also imperceptibly educate the people. People are valuable in self-cultivation, and in the case of material satisfaction, they can also improve spiritually. If you have been filled with mundane things, without the support of noble spiritual beliefs, it is inevitable that you will become a walking dead in the end.
The reputation of Longgang Academy gradually spread in the local area and alarmed many local officials in Guizhou. Sizhou Taishou was very jealous of Wang Yangming and specially sent people to Longchangyi to insult Wang Yangming. The residents of Longchang were all upset with Wang Yangming and beat up the people sent by Sizhou Taishou. Sizhou Taishou framed Wang Yangming for not observing etiquette, and actually sent someone to beat Shangguan and so on. This rumor spread in the official arena at once, causing a great negative impact on Wang Yangming. Many officials wanted to sanction Wang Yangming through the Guining Province's Sub-Division, in order to achieve the goal of killing people with a knife.
Unexpectedly, Mao Yingkui, deputy director of the Guining Province's Sub-Division, was an upright official with real talent and practical learning and scrupulous dedication to his duties. He personally went to Longchang and talked with Wang Yangming and local residents, and finally figured out the ins and outs of the matter. Just as the so-called "hearing is false, seeing is believing", Mao Yingkui was impressed by Wang Yangming's talent and personality charm, and became friends with Wang Yangming. Before leaving, Mao Yingkui advised Wang Yangming to know the severity of the slander in the official public opinion, so that Wang Yangming temporarily submitted to Sizhou Taishou. Wang Yangming nodded in agreement and wrote a letter to Sizhou Taishou, making Taishou both ashamed and convinced.
An Guirong, the envoy of Shuixi Xuanwei Si Xuanwei, also heard Wang Yangming's name, and asked people to send wang Yangming grain and meat, and then sent a golden saddle horse, but Wang Yangming refused to resign. Wang Yangming was only an eight- or nine-pin Dragon Farm Attendant, while An Guirong was the Envoy of Xuanwei who was in charge of the security of one side. An Guirong befriended Wang Yangming, and in addition to asking him for sacred advice, he mainly wanted to ask Wang Yangming to give advice to eliminate the Suixi system.
Originally, the imperial court wanted to set up a guard house in Shuixi to strengthen its rule over Shuixi. However, the construction of the castle was terminated as soon as it was completed, but the post stations set up along the way still exist. With the post, the imperial court could transmit information through the post and grasp the movement of Shuixi at any time. An Guirong believed that the establishment of the imperial court's post transmission system in Shuixi was a serious problem for his confidants and must be eliminated as soon as possible. When An Guirong expressed this idea to Wang Yangming, Wang Yangming wrote a special letter to Explain to An Guirong the reasons why this move was not feasible. The imperial court trusted An Guirong to be loyal to the imperial court for generations, so that he could rule his land hereditaryly. If you have this intention, you are disloyal to the imperial court. If you want to pull out the post, you are declaring war on the imperial court. If confronted by the imperial court, Shuixi is likely to cause disaster, not only against the ancestors, but also against the tribal people. If the laws and regulations of the state are observed and the country is always in charge of the peaceful information here, then the imperial court will certainly not do anything to Shuixi.
An Guirong was persuaded by Wang Yangming that only the security side and servicing the imperial court could preserve the glory and wealth of the An family and maintain the safety of the local people. Aja, Aza, and others under the Song chieftain