The Book of Han and Geography Yun: "Song Land, the Division of House and Heart." Present-day Pei, Liang, Chu, Shanyang, Jiyin, Dongping and Dongjun's Xuchang and Shouzhang are all Song Fenye. "It can be seen that the Spring and Autumn Song Kingdom is a land of anointing, the geography is superior, the folk customs are simple, if you add the wisdom of the king, it can be described as the land of peach orchards!"
The country in the literature is the middle princely state of the Spring and Autumn Warring States period - the Song State, and the fiefdom of the Song State originated from the Shang Dynasty minister Weizi. In order to reward and sacrifice the relics of the Shang Dynasty, King Wu of Zhou listed the fiefdom of Weizi in the Song Dynasty. After several generations of monarchs passed on the throne, because the Song Kingdom followed the order of brothers and brothers and the order of succession, the domestic affairs have been very unstable. This also led to an unexpected event.
Geography of the Song Dynasty
There was a great Sima of the Song Dynasty named Kong Father Jia, who was ordered to help the Duke of Song to take the throne, and his personal reputation reached its peak in the song kingdom, but as the saying goes, the ugly wife was close to the family treasure, because Kong Father Jia's wife was very beautiful, and was jealous of many people, the "History" recorded: "The Great Sima Kong Father Jia wife is good, out, the Dao met Dazai Huadu, the governor said 'beautiful and beautiful', and looked at it. So Hua Du, who was the ruler of the Song Dynasty at that time, killed Kong Father Jia, and after Kong Father Jia's death, his son fled to the State of Lu and became the ancestor of Confucius.
In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period in history, there was incomparable turmoil, but how could the weak people of the Song State be able to continue for hundreds of years?
In fact, the State of Song also experienced a turmoil, but when Song Xianggong took the throne, the political situation finally stabilized, so Song Xianggong actively took various measures in an attempt to add the Song State to the ranks of the overlords. At this time, the situation is also really to give Song Xianggong a chance, because of the death of Duke Huan of Qi, there is a great chaos in the country of Qi, several of his sons rise up against each other to compete for the throne, resulting in the body of Duke Huan of Qi not buried, seeing this opportunity, Song Xianggong is ready to go public through the shell, with the help of the appearance of the State of Qi to complete his ambition of hegemony, so Song Xianggong led troops to attack the State of Qi to create his own political reputation, under the cooperation of the inside and outside, Song Xianggong supported the Duke of Qi to take the throne, and after this, the reputation of The Duke of Song Xiang among the princes began to skyrocket. It further deepened his ambitions for hegemony.
Song Xianggong
So Song Xianggong learned from the various overlords who dominated in the Spring and Autumn Period, and actively began to make alliances with the princes, but only a few small countries responded positively to his alliance. The disgruntled Duke Xiang of Song then summoned the princes again in the autumn of that year, but because of his previous outstanding performance, he was hated by King Cheng of Chu.
King Cheng of Chu
The ambush army captured Song Xianggong in the alliance and later released him, and then, in order to beat the Chu state's contempt for himself, Song Xianggong attacked the Chu state's vassal State Zheng Guo and prepared to take a down on the Chu state, so the two countries were in
Flood water
Big fight.
During the war, Song Xianggong showed the so-called "benevolent teacher" that had been passed down for a long time in later generations:
Gentlemen do not seriously injure, do not lose their hair, do not obstruct, do not drum and do not form a column.
When the Chu army crossed the river, Song Xianggong's men persuaded him to prepare to attack the Chu army in Bandu, but the pedantic Song Xianggong stubbornly believed that this was not what benevolent people did, so after the Chu army was finished in the parade, it launched a charge against the Song army, and the Song army that could not resist collapsed instantly, and the pedantic Song Xianggong retreated after being hit by an arrow in the thigh, and after returning to China, Song Xianggong died shortly after the thigh wound, and he held the stubborn woman's benevolence. Therefore, the defeat of the Song State at the Battle of Hongshui also completely lost the opportunity to dominate.
"Huainanzi"
appraise:
"The ancients cut down the country, do not kill the yellow mouth, do not get the second hair, in the ancient times for righteousness, in the present is laughter, the reason why the ancient is the glory, the reason why the present is humiliating."
The Battle of Hongshui
With the passage of time, the wars between the major princely states entered a white-hot degree, especially the two countries of Chu and Jin, and many wars broke out in the Central Plains. The various princely states in the Central Plains War Zone were often subjected to consequential conflicts between the two countries, so Sima Huayuan, the great sima huayuan of the Song state, who was overwhelmed by the disturbances, persuaded the two countries to temporarily stop fighting, and within the time that the Jin and Chu countries stopped fighting, the Song state did nothing in the other progress bar except because of the contradiction between the State of Cao and the State of Cao, but because of the intensification of the internal power struggle, it greatly consumed its own national strength, and the medium princely states, which were not too large in the country, were under internal intervention The political situation was unusually disordered, which also laid a great curse for the subsequent demise.
King Kang of Song was active in expanding outwards
With the ascension of King Kang of Song to the throne, the State of Song had completely weakened in the struggle for hegemony among the princes of the Spring and Autumn Period, and the major countries were busy guarding against the attack of the State of Qin at this time, and for a while they had no time to take care of this small country in the Central Plains. So this unexpectedly created a comfortable nest for King Song Kang. Therefore, King Kang of Song actively improved the domestic environment in this gap, and after his reforms, the Song Kingdom was able to rise from the dead for a short time under the condition of being surrounded by big powers. Under his rule, the Song kingdom, which was already on the verge of extinction, actually had an army known as more than a thousand times, known as the five thousand times the strength of the Song. With the princes busy dealing with the aggressiveness of the Qin Dynasty, Song Kanggong was able to order his army to wage war against the various great powers around him, and for a while, the major princely states near the Song State were also confused.
King Song Kang ruled brutally over the people at home and actively waged various wars abroad. Suddenly, this precarious country actually expanded a lot of land, and wei qichu and other countries next to him suffered his blows. After Song Kanggong achieved seemingly many achievements, he began to indulge in wine, in order to complete the hegemony as soon as possible, he often shot arrows at bags containing blood, if the ministers dared to persuade him, he shot the ministers with bows and arrows, and for the people under his rule, he often took various ways to maintain his authority.
King Song Kang was absurd
For example, cut open a person's back to look at his spine, and when a person crosses the river, grab the person and cut off his leg. The Shang Shu Tai Oath records: "The present Shang King is subject to the five constants, desolate and reverent, self-isolated in heaven, resentful of the people, involved in the dynasty, dissecting the hearts of the wise, threatening to kill, poisoning the seas." The people of song were very frightened, believing that King Kang of Song and his ancestor King Shang were doing exactly the same thing, so they actively informed the State of Qi to liberate them. So the State of Qi sent an army to attack the State of Song, although under the administration of King Kang of Song, the national strength of the State of Song was greatly restored compared with the previous era, but the State of Qi united with the armies of many major powers such as Wei and Chu to attack, and the State of Song of course could not resist, so the State of Song declared its demise. The Qi army captured King Kang of Song on his way to escape, and after killing him, the Three Kingdoms divided the lands of the Song Kingdom.
Like the nearby State of Lu, the State of Song received a good piece of land in the opening sword situation, but because of the improper control of power by the early monarchs, the State of Song never became a large vassal state. It was rare to encounter another version of the Spring and Autumn Five Lords Song Xianggong, but his woman's benevolence buried the situation that he had so hard to come by, not only died of injury, but also left a laughing stock for thousands of years because of unrealistic ideas. Under the rule of the last monarch, King Song Kang, because he took advantage of the competition between the great powers, he caught the loophole, so that the precarious Song kingdom was revived for a while, but because of his harsh government, he also ate his own country, which was a pity.
bibliography:
[Eastern Han] Bangu: Book of Han
[Western Han] Sima Qian: "History"