During the Three Kingdoms period, there were a total of 11 emperors in the Three Kingdoms of Wei and Shu, of which 5 were the Wei Emperor Cao Pi, the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui, the Wei Emperor Cao Fang, the Wei Emperor Cao Xi, and the Wei Yuan Emperor Cao Huan; 2 Shu Kingdoms, namely Liu Bei, the Han Zhaolie Emperor Liu Bei, and the Han Huai Emperor Liu Chan; and the 4 Wu Kingdoms, namely Emperor Wu Sun Quan, Wu Emperor Sun Liang, Wu Jing Emperor Sun Xiu, and Wu Emperor Sun Hao.
The Five Emperors of the State of Wei
1. Emperor Wen of Wei Cao Pi, founding emperor of the State of Wei. In the twenty-fifth year of Jian'an (220), Cao Cao died, and his son Cao Pi succeeded him as Chancellor and King of Wei. In the same year, he forced Liu Xiechan, the emperor of Han Xian, to ascend the throne by Chan, that is, to become emperor, and to replace Han with Wei, ending the rule of the Han Dynasty for more than four hundred years and establishing the state of Wei. In the seventh year of the Huang Dynasty (226), Cao Pi died of illness in Luoyang, reigning for 7 years, at the age of forty. Emperor Wen of the Imperial Household,Gaozu (高祖) (史祖), was buried in shouyang Mausoleum.
2. Emperor Cao Rui of Wei, the eldest son of Cao Pi and his biological mother Zhen Mi. In May of the seventh year of the Huang Dynasty (226), Emperor Wen of Wei became seriously ill, and cao Rui was made crown prince before his deathbed, and in the same year he took the throne at Luoyang and became emperor. In the third year of the Jing Dynasty (239), Cao Rui died of illness in Luoyang, reigning for 14 years, when Chinese New Year's Eve six years old. Emperor Ming, temple name Liezu, buried in Gaoping Mausoleum.
3. Cao Fang, Emperor of Wei, born to Cao Kai (曹楷), the Prince of Rencheng (the son of Cao Zhang, the King of Rencheng). In the third year of Qinglong (235), he was adopted by the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui and was crowned king of Qi. In the third year of the Jing Dynasty (239), Cao Rui collapsed, and Cao Fang took the throne before the coffin of Emperor Ming. In the sixth year of Jiaping (254), in order to regain the imperial power controlled by the Sima family, Cao Fang plotted with Zhongshu Ling Li Feng and Empress Zhang's father, Guanglu Dafu Zhang Ji, to depose Sima Shi and make Xiahou Xuan a general. The matter was revealed, and Cao Fang was deposed as the King of Qi and reigned for 16 years.
4. Emperor Cao of Wei, his biological father Cao Lin (曹霖) the Prince of Donghai (son of Cao Pi of Wei), the fifth year of Jiaping (254), the general Sima Shi deposed the former emperor Cao Fang as the Queen of Qi, and Cao Fu was proclaimed emperor. In the fifth year of Ganlu (260), Cao Xian, dissatisfied with Sima Shi's dictatorship, led the palace guards and slaves to personally attack Sima Zhao, but was defeated and killed by the crown prince Chengji, who was only nineteen years old, and after his death Sima Zhao buried him in the northwest of Luoyang with royal ceremonies, reigning for 7 years.
5. Emperor Cao Of Wei, born father Cao Yu (曹宇) the Prince of Yan (son of Emperor Cao Cao of Wei). In the fifth year of Ganlu (260), the former Wei emperor Cao Huan was killed by ChengJi, and after Cao Huan's death, Sima Zhao consulted with his courtiers and made Cao Huan, the grandson of Emperor Wu of Wei, emperor of Wei Ming (cao rui) the emperor of Wei Ming. In the second year of Xianxi (265), Sima Zhao died, and his son Sima Yan took the throne as King of Jin, just as his grandfather Cao Pi forced Emperor Xian of Han to take the throne, and Cao Yan was also treated equally, in this year Sima Yan forced Cao Yan to take the throne, on behalf of Wei Jianjin, Cao Wei perished, and Cao Yan was demoted to the position of King of Chen Liu, reigning for 6 years.
The Second Emperor of shu and Han
1. Liu Bei, Emperor Zhaolie of the Han Dynasty, founding emperor of the Shu Han Dynasty. In the first year of Zhang Wu (221), after Cao Pi usurped the Han Dynasty and established Wei, Liu Bei declared himself emperor in Chengdu and established the State of Han, claiming to inherit the orthodox identity of the Han Dynasty and continue the Han Dynasty's rule over the world. In the third year of Zhang Wu (223), Liu Bei was defeated by Yiling and retired to the White Emperor, collapsing in the same year, reigning for 3 years at the age of sixty-three. Emperor Zhaolie, Temple, And Buried Huiling.
2. Liu Chan, Emperor Huai of Han, son of Liu Bei, and his biological mother Empress Dowager Gan. In the third year of Zhang Wu (223), he succeeded to the throne as emperor. In the sixth year of Jing Yao (263), Sima Zhao sent the Wei generals Zhong Hui and Deng Ai to attack Shu, zhong was blocked by Jiang Wei at the Sword Pavilion, Deng Ai smuggled Yin Ping straight to Chengdu, and then Liu Chan sent Zhuge Zhan to block the attack, but Zhuge Zhan was defeated and the entire army was destroyed. Then, Deng Ai went straight to the city of Chengdu, Liu Chan did not listen to the advice of Liu Chen, the king of the northern region, and Huo Yi, the overseer of the Southern Central Army, and chose to follow the advice of Chen Zhou to go out of the city and surrender, after which Liu Chan was moved to Luoyang to live, demoted to the title of Duke of Anle, and reigned for 41 years.
The Four Emperors of the State of Wu
1. Sun Quan, Emperor Wu, founding monarch of the State of Wu. In the first year of the Huanglong Dynasty (229), Sun Quan officially declared himself emperor in Wuchang and founded the state of Wu. In the first year of Shenfeng (252), Sun Quan collapsed in Jianye and reigned for 24 years at the age of seventy-one. The Great Emperor, the temple name Taizu, was buried in Jiang Ling.
2. Emperor Wu Sun Liang, son of Sun Quan, birth mother Pan Shu. In October of the thirteenth year of Chiwu (250), due to the promotion of Sun Quan's eldest daughter Princess Quan, Sun Quan abolished the positions of the third son and the crown prince, and established Sun Liang as the crown prince, and made his mother Pan Shu the empress, in order to correct his crown prince. In April of the first year of Shenfeng (252), Sun Quan collapsed, and Sun Liang took the throne as emperor. In the third year of Taiping (258), Sun Liang was dissatisfied with the dictatorship of The Patriarch Sun Qiang, so he secretly plotted with Princess Quan, Taichang Quanshang, and the general Liu Cheng to prepare to kill Sun Qiang, but because of Quan Shang's wife's whistle-blowing, Sun Qiang preemptively besieged the palace. Afterwards, Sun Liang was deposed as the Prince of Huiji and reigned for 7 years.
3. Emperor Wujing's Grandson Xiu, son of Sun Quan, and birth mother Lady Wang. In the third year of Taiping (258), a coup d'état was launched, deposing Sun Liang as the Prince of Huiji and installing Sun Xiu as emperor. In the seventh year of Yong'an (264), Sun Xiu collapsed in Jianye and reigned for 7 years, at the age of Chinese New Year's Eve. Emperor Jing, buried in Dingling.
4. Sun Hao, the late Emperor of Wu, and Sun Hezi of Nanyang (son of Sun Quan, Emperor Wu). In the seventh year of Yong'an (264), Emperor Jing of Wu had four sons and one of his sons was made crown prince, but as a result, the state of Wu was facing internal and external troubles, and there were tigers in the state of Wei outside, and there were internal and toes to raise troops to rebel, and at that time, the crown prince was still young, and the Qunchen thought that he was not enough to cope with this chaos, so they supported the older Sun Hao as emperor. In November of the third year of the Tianji Dynasty (279), Emperor Wu of Jin ordered the Zhenjun general Sima Ling, the Andong general Wang Hun, the Jianwei general Wang Rong, the Pingnan general Hu Fen, the Zhennan general Du Xian, the Longjun general Wang Mao, and the Badong overseer Tang Bin to attack Wu in six major routes. In the fourth year of Tianji (280), the Jin army attacked Jiankang, sun Hao surrendered, and was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Fengfeng, reigning for 16 years.
To sum up, the reign of the eleven emperors in the Three Kingdoms period from long to short (not counting the number of days, only counting the number of years) is as follows: Liu Chan, emperor of Hanhuai (41 years), Sun Quan of Emperor Wu (24 years), Cao Fang of Wei (16 years) = Emperor Sun Hao of Wu (16 years) Emperor Cao Rui of Wei Ming (14 years) Emperor Cao Pi of Wei Wen (7 years) = Emperor Cao Of Wei (7 years) = Emperor Sun Liang of Wu (7 years) = Emperor Wu Jing Emperor Sun Xiu (7 years) Emperor Cao Huan of Wei Yuan (6 years) Emperor Liu Bei of Han Zhao (3 years).
As can be seen from the above, the longest reign during the Three Kingdoms period was Liu Chan, the Emperor of HanHuai, who reigned for 41 years. The shortest is Liu Bei, the Emperor of Han Zhaolie, who reigned for only 3 years.