"Emperor Ji of the Jin Dynasty": "(Sima Yi) led the army to help, and the back water was used as a fortress. Because the generals said: "If you are brave, when you go out of the mountain to the east, if you go west to the five Zhangyuan, then the armies will be fine." Liangguo Uehara, who crossed the north to Wei, sent the general Zhou Dangtunyang to bait him. ”
The above is the response strategy of Sima Yi of Cao Wei during Zhuge Liang's fifth expedition against Wei in 234 AD. He led the army to garrison weinan and camped behind the water. He said to the generals, "If Zhuge Liang has the courage to fight martial arts, we are in danger, and if Liang's troops go out of Wuzhangyuan, then Heaven bless Cao Wei, and we don't have to worry." "Historically, Zhuge Liang was a soldier who went out of Wuzhangyuan and confronted Sima Yi for several months, in vain, and finally died of illness. Sima Yi's prediction was correct, Zhuge Liangbing went out of Qishan - Wuzhangyuan, and finally died of illness in Wuzhangyuan, the analysis is as follows.
If Zhuge Liang sent his troops out of Wugong Mountain, Sima Yi's partial division had to fight a decisive battle with Zhuge Liang of the Shu Han Dynasty, and the victory or defeat was unpredictable.
We know that Zhuge Liang's battle against Wei was a military operation that had been in preparation for three years. The Shu Han were well prepared, and the military scale was no less than that of the first Wei Dynasty. Zhuge Liang was not alone, he and Sun Quan of Eastern Wu agreed to send troops together, and joined forces to attack Cao Wei, so that they could not take care of each other, and strived to divide the Central Plains.
Cao Wei's strategy was that the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui personally led a large army and prepared to march on the imperial conquest and teach Eastern Wu a lesson. Unexpectedly, Sun Quan was a soft persimmon, he had personally led a large army to attack the new city of Hefei in Cao Wei, and when he heard that the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui would also personally lead a large army to support, he withdrew. Emperor Cao Rui of Wei heard that Emperor Sun Quan of Eastern Wu had personally marched, and he followed the strategy of generaling generals and soldiers against soldiers, and wanted Sun Quan to compete, but before he reached the front line, Sun Quan ran away. It's speechless.
"Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Chronicle of the Ming Emperor": Autumn and July, emperor's royal dragon boat crusade, the right to attack the new city, the general Zhang Ying and other refusal to defend the battle, the imperial army did not reach hundreds of miles, Quan fled, and The speakers and Shao also retreated.
From the above, it can be seen that Cao Wei focused on the Eastern Wu side, and on the Shu Han side, it was only the partial division led by Sima Yi who confronted Zhuge Liang. And Sima Yi's primary purpose was also to defend, not to take the initiative to attack, and to fight with Zhuge Liang to the death. If Zhuge Liang had marched from Mount Wugong, he might have severed Cao Wei's ties with Long You, and would have been able to reach the vicinity of Chang'an soon, threatening Cao Wei's Guanzhong region. At this time, Sima Yi had to fight Zhuge Liang in advance.
At this time, Sima Yi's task was only to defend, waiting for the Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui to defeat Sun Quan's troops in Hefei and then support himself. Sima Yi's army was only a partial division, not enough to compete with the Shu Han army. Therefore, at this time, Sima Yi was forced to duel with Zhuge Liang, and the victory or defeat was unpredictable and very dangerous.
In the right history, Zhuge Liang sent troops to Wuzhangyuan and confronted Sima Yi for more than 100 days, killing Wuzhangyuan.
Historically, Zhuge Liang took the second route that Sima Yi had thought, that is, to abandon the army from Wugong Mountain, but to take Wuzhangyuan. At this time, Sima Yi let go of half of his heart, and he felt that the Army of Zhuge Liang of the Shu Han Dynasty was no longer enough to worry about.
Sima Yi and Zhuge Liang held each other for more than a hundred days, during which Zhuge Liang challenged many times, and Sima Yi did not send troops. Zhuge Liang used all the tricks he could think of, but to no avail. For example, he sent emissaries to Sima Yi to give Sima Yi the turbans, hair ornaments, and clothes used by women, mocking Sima Yi as a woman who did not dare to go to war and wanted to provoke Sima Yi. Sima Yi's generals were ashamed and angry and wanted to fight, and Sima Yi's handling method was very sophisticated. He collected the generals' petitions and asked Emperor Cao Rui to go to war. Soon, Cao Rui's edict came down, forbidding Sima Yi to go to war and leaving him to stand by.
At this point, Sima Yi used the holy will of Emperor Cao Rui of Wei to block the mouths of the generals. Sima Yi also used Zhuge Liang's emissaries, knowing that Zhuge Liang's health was not as good as before, and he may die of illness soon after. He asked the messenger, "Have you, Zhuge Liang, been eating well lately?" How much rice can I eat in one meal? The Prophet said, "Not to nine liters of food." Sima Yi also learned that Zhuge Liang was very industrious in his office, that he did everything himself, and that the punishment of more than 20 military sticks had to be approved by Zhuge Liang, so he said to others: "Zhuge Kong Ming eats less and troubles, and his ability is long!" ”
This further strengthened Sima Yi's determination to hold on, and he decided to wait for Zhuge Liang to die of illness before sending troops to attack the leaderless Shu army. Sure enough, Zhuge Liang died of illness in the same month that Sima Yi predicted, and infighting broke out among the Shu Han army, and Changshi Yangyi sent Ma Dai to kill Wei Yan and become the final victor.
Summary: Before the war, Sima Yi analyzed Zhuge Liang's two battle routes, namely the Wugongshan route and the Wuzhangyuan route, and made corresponding coping strategies. As a result, Zhuge Liang took the safe Qishan-Wuzhangyuan route, and Sima Yi suddenly relaxed his heart, firmly fought with Zhuge Liang for patience, and finally survived Zhuge Liang, perfectly completing the task given by The Wei Ming Emperor Cao Rui. Sima Yi did not seek merit, but sought no fault, and won the war at the lowest cost.