Dr. Zhong Zhenzhen was born in 1950 in Nanjing. He is currently a professor at Nanjing Normal University and a doctoral supervisor. Director of the Institute of Ancient Literature Collation. He is also the guidance professor of the "Foreign Scholars Chinese Culture Research Scholarship" of the National Scholarship Council, the president of the Chinese Rhyme Literature Association, the vice president of the Global Chinese Poetry Association, the consultant of the Chinese Poetry Society, the general consultant of the "Poetry Conference" of CCTV, the consultant of the poetry platform of "Listening to the Rain in the Small Building", and the Distinguished Professor of the Wenjin Pulpit of the National Library. He has been invited to lecture at more than 30 famous overseas universities such as Yale and Stanford in the United States.
Professor Zhong Zhenzhen accompanies you to read ancient poems (201)
Nian Nu Jiao XianZong Ping Huai Xi
[Song] Li Gang
Late Tang Dynasty appeasement, how many square towns, flying and stumbling. Huai Cai Xiong domain united four counties, thousands of miles openly refused. With the evil of the capital, the potential injury of Zaifu, who dares to distinguish between words. The group discussed, and the common cloud festival was dealt with. 〇 In Mu Tianzi's wisdom, there is no doubt that he is not in the second place, and he is dengyong Peidu. To supervise the whole division of the order, the name of the thief was returned. In the middle of the night, the city was covered with deep snow, and suddenly it was dead. Ming Tang sits and rules, and ZTE reflects the ages.
【Notes】
"Xianzong", Tang Xianzong Li Chun, reigned from 805 to 820 AD.
"Huaixi", Tang Dynasty FangZhen. That is, Huainan West Road, later known as the Zhangyi Army. During the reign of Emperor Xianzong, he had jurisdiction over the three prefectures of Shen, Guang, and Cai, equivalent to the southeastern part of present-day Henan Province, and was divided by Wu Yuanji. In the twelfth year of Yuan He (817), Emperor Xianzong sent the chancellor Pei Du to attack Cai Prefecture (蔡州, in modern Runan, Henan), capturing Wu Yuanji and Huaixi Ping. See the old and new Book of Tang and the Chronicle of Emperor Xianzong. This article is about it.
"Late Tang" refers to the Tang Dynasty after the Anshi Rebellion.
"Appeasement", unprincipled tolerance and accommodation.
"Fang Zhen", a military commander who holds the military power of one side. In the middle and late Tang Dynasty, a number of festivals made the supporters respect themselves, monopolized local political power, appointed and dismissed officials without authorization, did not pay taxes to the imperial court, and passed on titles to their descendants, and in fact became a divided force against the central imperial court.
The three sentences of "Late Tang Dynasty" are praised in the New Book of Tang and the Chronicle of Emperor Xianzong: "Emperor Dezong... The government of appeasement was carried out, so that the imperial court became weaker and the Fang Zhen became stronger. ”
"Huai Cai", that is, Huaixi, is called because it is located in Cai Prefecture.
"Xiong Fan", the powerful Fang Town.
"Four counties" refers to the four square towns of Weibo, Chengde, Lulong in Hebei and Ziqing in Shandong.
"Brigade refusal", gathering crowds to resist.
According to the Tang Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Dezong of Tang (780-783), four towns, including Wei Botianyue, Chengde Wang Wujun, Lu Long ZhuTao, and Ziqing Li Na, united against the Tang. The imperial court ordered Li Xilie of Huaixi to lead an army to attack, but Xi Lie joined forces with the four towns and defected to attack Tang. The two sentences of "Huai Cai" use this to describe the current affairs of Emperor Xianzong. In the ninth year of Yuan He (814), Wu Shaoyang of Huaixi died, and his son Yuan Ji established himself, and Emperor Xianzong ordered him to fight. Ten years later (815), Yuanji asked for help from Chengde Wang Chengzong and Ziqing Li Shidao, and Wang Chengzong and Li Shidao went to the imperial court to pardon Yuanji's sins. For details, see the old and new Book of Tang, Dezong, Xianzong II and Zhuzhen Biography. During the reign of Emperor Xianzong, the united with Huaixi were only the towns of Chengde and Ziqing, and had nothing to do with Wei Bo and Lu Long. The phrase "Lian Si County" is written in accordance with the current affairs of Emperor Dezong.
"With evil with capital", Zuo Chuan Zhao gong thirteen years" said: "Seek with evil." "Capital, help.
"Potentially injuring Zaifu", assassinating the prime minister and other auxiliary ministers.
"Clear language", explicitly, openly.
According to Yuan He, in the tenth year of Yuan He, Wang Chengzong and Li Shidaoyin assisted Wu Yuanji and sent assassins to assassinate Wu Yuanheng, the chancellor of Huaixi, and Pei Du in the imperial history, who died and Pei Du was injured. Emperor Xianzong ordered a search for the Assassins, and some people even rumored that they could not be searched, saying that the Assassins were cornered and would be even more chaotic. See the old and new Book of Tang and the Chronicle of Emperor Xianzong and the Biography of Wu Yuanheng. The three sentences of "same evil" record this matter.
"Tsubasa" means falling with the wind, and people are also clouds.
"Group discussion", the discussion of the crowd.
"Common clouds," Qi said.
"Festival", ancient envoys held a scepter, decorated with an ox tail, thought to be a keepsake. In the Tang Dynasty, the festival was also given to the festival.
According to the old and new "Book of Tang PeiDu Biography", the battle against Huaixi was protracted, the Tang army repeatedly lost, and the Qunchen asked for forgiveness for Yuanji's crimes and called off the truce. The second sentence "媕婀" refers to this. Although the history books do not explicitly state that Qunchen suggested that the Huaixi Festival should be paid to Yuanji, pardoning his sins and stopping the crusade was tantamount to recognizing him as a legitimate emissary of the Huaixi Festival.
"Yu Mu", praise words. Yu, the beginning of the word, no real meaning. Mu, beauty.
"No doubts, no doubts", trust is single-minded.
"Dengyong", promotion and reuse. Ascend, ascend. Mediocrity, use.
"Pei Du", the character neutral, Hedong Wenxi (present-day Shanxi) people. Emperor Xianzong was a prominent courtier and advocated the removal of Fang Zhen. The old and new Book of Tang have been passed down. After Pei Du was stabbed, the courtiers or asked his officials to dismiss the three towns of Anhuaixi, Chengde, and Ziqing. Emperor Xianzong was furious: If you dismiss Pei Duguan, it is a thief who can do it. I use PeiDu, enough to break the three thieves! Pei Du was then made the Tongzhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi (Zai Chancellor). During Pei Du's recuperation, Emperor Xianzong forbade the army to guard his mansion and repeatedly sent envoys to greet him. During the reign of Emperor Dezong, if the courtiers were obedient, there was a forbidden army to investigate and report to the emperor, so the prime minister did not dare to receive the guests privately. Pei Du thought that if he wanted to square the town, he would have to ask the world's wizards and heroes to consult and plan, so he asked to meet with the scholar at home. Xian Zong xuzhi. Since the rebellion against Huaixi, tang shi was repeatedly defeated, and the group of ministers argued to strike the army, while Pei Du insisted on a crusade, and Xianzong's trust was not doubtful. In the twelfth year of Yuan He, Pei Du volunteered to go to Huaixi to supervise the division. Emperor Xianzong ordered the forbidden army to ride three hundred horses as his guard, and personally went to the Tonghua Gate to send off, resigned the imperial belt, and comforted him. With Zhongshu Menxia Pingzhangshi Li Fengji and Pei Du at odds, Emperor Xianzong sent him to Jiannan Dongchuan as an envoy to Jiedushi in order to depose Feng ji as prime minister. Emperor Xianzong treated Pei Du thickly, and Pei Du also repaid him with loyalty, and when he resigned, he said to Xian Zong: The Lord is worried about humiliation, and righteousness will die. The thief has not been given the head, and the subject has no repayment date. For details, see the old and new "Biography of Pei Du of the Tang and Song Dynasties".
"To supervise the whole division of the Wei Ling Envoy", it is said that Pei Du personally went to the battlefield of Huaixi as the prime minister, supervised the whole army to fight against Wu Yuanji, and exercised authoritative orders. Previously, the armies were all under the supervision of eunuchs, each acting independently, unable to coordinate and cooperate with each other, so it was ineffective. Pei Du asked Emperor Xianzong to depose the eunuchs who supervised the army, so that the generals could monopolize military power and uniformly obey Pei Du's orders, thus doubling their morale and eventually achieving great success. For details, see the old and new "Biography of Pei Du of the Tang and Song Dynasties".
"Capture the Thief Gong Gui Gui", Li Yu (李愬), also spelled Yuanzhi, was a native of Lintan, Taozhou (present-day Gansu). A famous general of the Xianzong Dynasty. In the eleventh year of Yuan He (816), he served as an envoy to Tang, Sui, and Deng Jiedu, and led an army to attack Huaixi. In the winter of the twelfth year, the snow night raided Caizhou and captured Wu Yuanji. See the old and new "Book of Tang And Biography of Li Yu".
"Pinnacle", a piece, shaped like chopsticks. In ancient marches, soldiers were ordered to be kept in the mouth, and speech was forbidden.
"Hanging Urn", the name of the ancient city. The original site was in present-day Runan, Henan. During the Tang Dynasty, he was the envoy of Huaixi Jiedu and the seat of caizhou.
According to the old and new "Book of Tang And Biography of Li Yu", in October of the twelfth year of Yuan He, Li Yu took advantage of the elite huaixi army of Tunhuiqu (present-day southwest of Shangshui, Henan) to resist the Tang And Li Guangyan army, and the rear was empty, and the night led his troops to raid Caizhou. When it was heavy rain and snow, in the middle of the night to the Hanging City, the snow was even worse, and the Huaixi Army was ignorant. At dawn, li yu had arrived at the outer mansion of Yuanji, and Yuanji still did not believe it, thinking that the Hunqu garrison had come to ask for winter clothes, and finally tied his hands and captured it. "Midnight" three sentences to remember this matter.
The "Ming Hall", the hall of the ancient emperor Xuanming's political and religious church, where all the great ceremonies such as pilgrimages, sacrifices, and celebrations were held.
"Sitting and ruling", sitting upright and making the world rule. It is said that the emperor appoints people, so it takes no effort to govern the country and the country.
"Zhongxing Reflects the Ages", which is said to be the achievements of Emperor Xianzong in making the Tang Dynasty decline and revive, and the brilliance shines for thousands of years.
This passage uses a part of the rhyme, the rhyme feet are "扈", "reject", "language", "pay", "degree", "愬", "瓠", "ancient". The word "auxiliary" in the seventh sentence of the upper film and the word "at" in the second sentence of the second film also belong to this rhyme, or it is accidental, so it is not counted.
According to the "Biography of Li Gang of the Song Dynasty", after the Jin people withdrew from the siege of Tokyo to the north, because the siege of Taiyuan (now part of Shanxi) had not yet been solved, the courtiers of the DPRK and China said that in order to squeeze Li Gang out of Beijing, they said that "if you want to aid Taiyuan, you must have gang.". Emperor Qinzong immediately made Li Gang an envoy to Hebei, Hedong, and gave him the handwritten "Biography of Pei Du".
Li Gang said: "Wu Yuanji used the land around Cai to resist the Tang Dynasty, which was inherently incompatible with the strength and weakness of the Jin people, and the chancellor was not enough to hope for Pei Du to be one in ten thousand. However, the external troubles can be swept away, and the villains are in the dynasty, and it is difficult for the beetles to go. ”
On the day of his resignation, Li Gang also said: If the traitor does not stop doing so, he will eventually mistake the country.
On the way to Taiyuan, Li Gangfu played a chapter and wished Qinzong "to enter the gentleman and retire the villain."
This word praises Tang Xianzong for cutting Fang Zhen and Pinghuai West, and particularly emphasizing its reliance on Pei Du, credit "no doubt", when it is felt and issued. In connection with the historical fact that during the defense of Tokyo, Emperor Qinzong once listened to the words of the traitorous minister and dismissed Li Gang from his post (thanks to the protests of the patriotic army and people, he was reinstated), what is the purpose of the words, is not obvious?
【Editor's Epilogue】
Welcome friends to continue to the public number behind the album, leave a message you want to ask Professor Zhong all the questions about poetry. The answers will be published in this issue.
Author/Zhong ZhenzhenEditor/Feng Xiao
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