Shanghai, born of the sea, prospers to the sea. Since the opening of the port, Shanghai is the most important trading port in China, and the gene of opening up has been born, and the pace of reform has never stopped. With the reform and development of Shanghai and the changes in the port, on January 4, Shanghai Border Inspection ushered in the 70th anniversary of its establishment. In the past 70 years, from breaking the ground to pioneering, the construction of Shanghai port has been continuously upgraded, and the efficiency of port services has continued to increase. As a practitioner and witness of reform, Shanghai Border Inspection is rooted in this hot land that has created countless miracles, closely guards the eastern gate of the motherland, and has handed over the shining answer sheet for safeguarding national security and serving economic and social development with 70 years of hard work.
Pioneering: Boosting the upgrading of port construction In the 1950s, in the early days of the founding of New China, Shanghai's economy was in ruins and waiting to be revived, and port trade was sluggish. But even so, the geographical advantage of the "Xianghai Kelp River" makes Shanghai Port still an important platform for China's exchanges with the external world economy. Driven by China's equal and mutually beneficial trade policy, many foreign ships have entered and exited Shanghai Port one after another, and from 1950 to 1952, in just three years, the number of foreign ships entering and leaving Shanghai Port has jumped from 56 to 222 times, an increase of nearly 4 times. In order to strengthen the management of foreign ships and ship personnel at the port, on January 4, 1952, the East China Military and Political Committee of the People's Republic of China established the "Shanghai Border Inspection Station" to be responsible for the border inspection work of the Shanghai port, thus ending the history of Shanghai's "border without defense".
In April 1964, with the slow landing of pakistani dhaka (now the capital of Bangladesh) to Shanghai, China, Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport officially opened international passenger traffic. Since then, in addition to shipping, Shanghai has pushed open another door to the world. In order to quickly undertake the task of entry-exit inspection at Hongqiao Airport, in September of the same year, the Shanghai Hongqiao Border Inspection Station was established, which inspected more than 4,000 passengers entering and leaving the airport and handled more than 80 flights that year. In September 1973, the first tourist passenger ship, the Japanese "Basimaru", slowly sailed into Shanghai Port and docked at Waihongqiao Wharf (now the International Passenger Transport Center), and the Shanghai Border Inspection began the entry-exit border inspection business of tourist ships. Born from hong Kong, with the continuous transformation and upgrading of port construction, Shanghai Border Inspection has gradually developed and grown in self-transformation.
The wind comes from the sea, and the force is like a rainbow. In 1978, the spring breeze of reform and opening up swept across the land of Shenzhou and set off a surging spring tide in Shanghai. The port has become the forefront of reform and opening up, and has ushered in an unprecedented historical opportunity. In the 1980s, the Shanghai Port was continuously renovated and expanded, a number of new special terminals such as Baoshan Iron and Steel Plant and Jinshan Petrochemical Plant were put into use, the scope of border inspection duty areas was continuously expanded, and the business workload continued to set new records. According to statistics, in 1988, compared with 1978, the number of vehicles for shanghai border inspection and guardianship and the number of entry and exit personnel increased by more than 200% and 600% respectively, and the shoreline on duty increased from 140 kilometers to nearly 800 kilometers.
On April 18, 1990, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made a major strategic decision to "develop Pudong, revitalize Shanghai, serve the whole country, and face the world", and a wonderful reform and opening up drama kicked off in the east of the Pujiang River. Along with the construction of Pudong, in June of the same year, Shanghai Border Inspection successively established Wusong Border Inspection Station, Minhang Border Inspection Station (Cash Mountain Border Inspection Station), plus the original Shanghai Border Inspection Station (now Pujiang Border Inspection Station), the three stations are distributed in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Huangpu River, forming a reasonable layout and complementary tasks of the duty network, for Pudong to open the window to see the world and gradually establish a supporting port inspection infrastructure.
"20 years ago, the shoreline of the terminal was less than 3 kilometers, and the annual inbound and outbound container throughput was less than 100,000, and now it has been the port area with the largest number of inbound and outbound container ships in the country for many consecutive years." Yang Yongxiang, director of the Border Inspection Department of the Waigaoqiao Border Inspection Station, could not help but sigh in his heart. Yang Yongxiang came to work at the Waigaoqiao Border Inspection Station after graduating from Chinese Min Public Security University in 1999 and has since taken deep root in Pudong. As a participant in the construction of waigaoqiao free trade zone, he witnessed the great changes in the waigaoqiao port area. After more than 20 years of development, there are 36 terminals in Waigaoqiao Port Area, covering containers, automobile ro-ro, bulk cargo, chemicals, shipyards, polar research bases and other types, with an annual container throughput of more than 20 million TEUs.
The wave of reform and opening up flowed from large rivers to the sea, creating another miracle on Yangshan Island. In 1995, more than 3,000 builders boarded islands in the isolated sea, blowing sand and reclaiming the sea in the deep sea to build an offshore container terminal with a total area of more than 10 square kilometers, equivalent to the size of 1,400 football fields– and in 2005, the first phase of the Yangshan Deepwater Port Area was completed and opened. Since then, Shanghai has bid farewell to the history of no deep-water port. Yangshan Border Inspection Station was one of the first units to settle on Xiaoyangshan Island and participate in the construction of the port. Speaking of the history of the preparation, the police officer Chen Nian felt very deeply: "At that time, Yangshan Island was full of rubble and sand, and it was a big construction site. Because there is no water and electricity, instant noodles are eaten for three meals a day, and in order to open the port as soon as possible, they often have to live for a week as soon as they go to the island. ”
On November 30, 2005, the Singaporean freighter "Rainbow Stone" docked at the first phase of Yangshan Deepwater Port, which was the first foreign international navigation vessel officially berthed at Yangshan Deepwater Port, and Shanghai Border Inspection officially opened border inspection work in Yangshan Port. In the following 10 years, Yangshan Phase IV automated terminal was put into operation, the Lingang New Area of the Free Trade Zone was established, and the construction of Shanghai Port entered an accelerated period. In 2021, the container throughput of Shanghai Yangshan Port exceeded 22 million TEUs, a new high.
On September 16, 1999, pudong international airport was officially opened to traffic as Shanghai Airlines flight FM451 took off. Two years ago, it was still a tidal flat sea, after which Shanghai border inspectors and all pioneers stomped on mud and sand, charged and explored the way, and finally built a world-class aviation hub with an annual passenger support capacity of 80 million passengers for ten years.
"Thanks to the hospitality of the Immigration Management Police, it was much easier to turn around!" Traveler Edward Bazier was overjoyed. On September 16, 2019, the world's largest single satellite hall, the Satellite Hall of Pudong Airport, welcomed the first batch of transit passengers inbound and outbound. Edward Bazier, who arrived on flight MU570, became the first inbound and outbound passenger to enjoy the express transit service of the Satellite Hall. Since December 30, 2015, when the first pile foundation of the Pudong Airport Satellite Hall Project was laid, the pace of Shanghai Border Inspection to help Pudong build an international aviation hub port has not stopped. In 2019, the construction of the satellite hall entered the final stage of tackling tough problems, the Shanghai border inspection set up a special working group, after many field investigations, "scientific equipping with duty facilities, scientific design inspection process, scientific service organization" three supporting programs came into being after full preparation, laying another solid pile foundation for the smooth start of the satellite hall.
Rapids converge and rush into tide. Today' Shanghai has developed from a single maritime terminal into a comprehensive, multi-functional and modern large-scale international main hub port, and has made great strides towards building an international shipping center with global influence. In 2021, the number of on-shore entry and exit inspections and releases of Shanghai Airport and Port ranked first in the country for 19 consecutive years, and the container throughput of seaports and ports ranked first in the world for 12 consecutive years.
Persistence: In the process of hardening the responsibility for the national gatekeeping, reviewing the 70-year history of Shanghai's border inspection, from stabilizing border defense, eliminating bandits to cracking down on illegal entry and exit illegal and criminal activities, from winning a security battle to blowing the national gate epidemic prevention and control rallying number, 70 years of loyalty, the mission of "guarding the door for the country" has never changed.
In the 1950s, in the early days of liberation, China was isolated, blockaded and surrounded by hostile forces on the outside, and harassed, threatened and destroyed by enemy spies on the inside. At that time, the Shanghai border inspection had just started, there were no barracks, they used bamboo rows of mud to build walls, there was no means of transportation, they used their feet on foot as a car, there was no duty equipment, and the soldiers stood by the ship's strings day after day to inspect the ship's outer gear by the naked eye. It was under such conditions that the first generation of Shanghai border inspectors relied hard work to ensure the security of Shanghai ports in the early liberation period.
Walking into the Shanghai Border Inspection Police History Museum, a commemorative medal of the Third Heroic Model Congress of the Public Security Forces of the East China Military Region and the yellowed photo on the wall freeze the epitome of the times. In the spring of 1953, the "White Dragon Maru" ocean passenger ship arrived in Shanghai, and Xu Kangjian, the first generation inspector of the Shanghai Border Inspection Bureau, conducted a boarding inspection and successfully seized a senior spy and a spy outline. The cracking of this case has effectively dealt a blow to the arrogance of hostile forces abroad. As a result, Xu Kangjian was elected as the third heroic model representative of the public security forces of the East China Military Region and the first meritorious model representative of the public security forces of the Central Military Commission, and was cordially received by Zhou Enlai and other central leaders.
With the passage of time, reform and opening up has knocked on the "eastern window" of Shanghai's dialogue with the world, and the construction of Shanghai ports has increased its growth rate, and has become an important international transportation hub with the advantage of having the most international routes in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. But it has also become a springboard for illegal crossings across borders in the eyes of lawbreakers. Therefore, anti-smuggling work became the top priority of border inspection work at that time. With the successive cracking of major cases such as the "1989 Shanghai Hongqiao Airport 43-person extraordinarily large smuggling case", "the 1992 'Jian Zhen' ferry illegal exit case", and the "2001 '11.20' container group smuggling case", the Shanghai border inspection has effectively curbed the high incidence of smuggling activities at Shanghai ports.
In the 21st century, reform and opening up have gone deeper, China has extended a friendly hand to the world with an international attitude of becoming more inclusive and open, and various international events have gathered in Shanghai. Shanghai Border Inspection has successively completed the port security work of major international events such as the 2001 Shanghai APEC Conference, the 2010 Shanghai World Expo, the 2014 CICA Summit, and the Fourth CIIE, injecting security impetus into the national strategy of opening up to the outside world and economic construction.
On April 2, 2018, the National Immigration Administration was established. Shanghai Border Inspection has embarked on a new journey as a professional police officer in immigration management in the new era. Taking the regularization of the contingent as the guide, the Shanghai Border Inspection has strengthened the foundation of the contingent and vigorously carried out the work of large-scale training and competition in actual combat of the whole police. At the same time, with big data and artificial intelligence as the starting point, we have gradually established an intelligent control system for ports, and the port security have become more and more firm.
On July 2, 2021, at the scene of the pudong airport border inspection duty, the panicked look of passenger Zhang Mou aroused the vigilance of the border inspection police, and in the in-depth interrogation, Zhang Mou flashed his words about the purpose of his departure. "There must be something wrong with this person!" During the inspection of his luggage, more than 10 bank cards and multiple communication devices were exposed. However, Zhang refused to give any information. "Let the data 'speak up'!" A data screening of the stripped cocoon began. Through in-depth investigation, the real information of Zhang Mou and the behind-the-scenes controllers surfaced one by one. In the face of ironclad evidence, Zhang Mou's psychological defense line was instantly destroyed, and he took the initiative to confess his illegal and criminal facts such as participating in the embezzlement of huge amounts of state-owned assets in an attempt to transfer funds and flee. The Shanghai Border Inspection Immediately informed the relevant departments of the clues of the case, assisted in the arrest and arrest of the people involved in the case at the first time, and recovered huge economic losses for the state.
This is just one fragment of winning the national security war. In recent years, in accordance with the deployment of the Ministry of Public Security and the National Immigration Administration to combat and control cross-border gambling, the Shanghai Border Inspection Bureau has given full play to the advantages of port control functions, and together with relevant departments, has successively seized a large number of suspected cross-border gambling personnel, effectively cutting off the illegal entry and exit channels for cross-border gambling.
In 2020, a new crown pneumonia epidemic struck, giving a deeper definition of national security. Especially in the Shanghai port of entry and exit, fast entry and exit, the prevention and control of the epidemic is urgent. In the face of the ravages of the virus, the Shanghai Border Inspection Quickly set up 27 party-member commando teams to fight the epidemic and charge in the front line of epidemic prevention and control.
On April 10, 2020, Flight SU208 arrived at Pudong International Airport, and after customs notification, more than 80 passengers on the flight had symptoms such as cough and sore throat and needed to be sent to the hospital for examination. The epidemic is a warning! The eight team of party members and commandos at the Shanghai Airport Border Inspection Station quickly assembled, scrambled to put on protective clothing, and walked to the monitoring point without hesitation. Handover materials, id id comparison, document submission for inspection... After nearly 5 hours of continuous fighting, under the sweltering protective clothing, the commandos were already sweating. Later, according to the relevant authorities of Shanghai Municipality, there were more than 60 confirmed cases of new crown pneumonia on the flight.
The harder it gets, the more it moves forward. As the epidemic prevention and control turned into a protracted war, in 2021, the Shanghai Border Inspection launched a centralized closed-loop service model for epidemic prevention and control at Pudong Airport, and up to now, 19 batches of more than 2,200 police forces are dressed in white armor, and the family has entered the closed loop to connect with the epidemic short-term soldiers, and the total number of inbound and outbound passengers has been inspected more than 2 million throughout the year. Although the shimmer is small, it is a torch. Under the gate of the majestic country, countless ordinary heroes used their greatest light to light up the lights of thousands of homes in the city.
Empowerment: Fulfill the original mission in serving economic and social development
Adding impetus to reform, seeking vitality from reform, and achieving high-quality development in serving the overall situation of national development are the development logics that Shanghai Border Inspection has always adhered to since its establishment. Over the past 70 years, Shanghai Border Inspection has successively launched a series of reform measures to "release and manage services" in the pulse of the development of the times, and has continued to exert efforts in improving customs clearance efficiency and optimizing management services, helping to create a first-class business environment and fully serving economic and social development.
In the 1950s and 1960s, with the implementation of China's peaceful foreign policy and the gradual recovery of foreign trade, in order to better serve port trade, Shanghai Border Inspection actively adjusted its service mode, adopted different inspection and guardianship methods for ships of different countries, especially relaxed the inspection policy for domestic ships and ships of other socialist countries, adopted irregular inspections, and protected policies according to law, and actively created a good and relaxed import and export environment.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, riding on the east wind of reform and opening up, a large number of overseas high-tech talents, funds and enterprises gathered in Shanghai, constantly interpreting the oriental story of innovation-driven, transformation and upgrading. According to statistics, in the 20 years from 1979 to 2000, more than 15.43 million foreigners, overseas Chinese, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots came to Shanghai, which was 46 times the sum of the 30 years from 1949 to 1978. The Shanghai Border Inspection has successively adopted a number of convenient measures such as "simplifying the registration procedures for entry and exit personnel," "handling certificates with ships," "opening up special channels for Taiwan compatriots," and "setting up consultation desks."
In the 21st century, the inbound and outbound passenger flow and cargo and container throughput of Shanghai Port have soared. From 2001 to 2010, the total number of people inspecting and inspecting the entry and exit of Shanghai exceeded 157 million, and more than 1.3 million trains of entry and exit vehicles were inspected, all of which more than quadrupled from 1991 to 2000.
Especially since the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, with the construction of the "Belt and Road", the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta and a series of national strategies have been landed, the Shanghai Border Inspection Department has planned and dropped in detail, actively promoting the 72-hour and 144-hour foreigner transit visa-free policy to take the lead in landing in Shanghai; taking the lead in piloting the 24-hour direct transit passenger exemption from border inspection procedures; taking the lead in carrying out the pilot reform of cruise inspection "decentralization service"; taking the lead in promoting the police cooperation mechanism of the Yangtze River Delta border inspection organs... Continuous deepening reform and institutional innovation of "loosening the shackles of oxygen transmission" have laid a solid foundation for improving the level of customs clearance at ports and further optimizing the business environment.
In 2018, after the establishment of the National Immigration Administration, Shanghai Border Inspection and Inspection Has been integrated into the country's new pattern of opening up to the outside world and the reform of decentralization services in the field of immigration management, and its vision has become broader. Normalize the setting of "special channels for Chinese citizens", vigorously promote the construction of self-service customs clearance at ports, and ensure that Chinese citizens do not queue for entry-exit customs clearance for no more than 30 minutes; implement the online declaration of border inspection procedures for international voyage ships, and strive to improve the efficiency of port customs clearance; open a 12367 service platform to accept and answer the people's inquiries on immigration management policies, port customs clearance and other issues around the clock; implement China's border inspection boarding code to ensure the normalization and safety of registered personnel to board and leave the ship... A series of reform measures of "decentralization and management services" have injected new momentum into the construction of a new development pattern for services.
On August 3, 2021, the 24,000 TEUs container ship "Changfan" successfully docked at Shengdong Terminal of Yangshan Port, which is currently the world's largest container ship and can be called "Maritime Giant". Shanghai Port is one of the few ports in the world that can berth container ships of this class, especially the Yangshan Deepwater Port Area. Since 2018, Shanghai Port has berthed more than 4,730 container ships of 18,000 TEUs and above. In the port of Shanghai, the era of large ships ushered in an upgraded version.
The arrival of super-large container ships at the port tests the entire container evacuation system and scheduling capabilities, and every second is the norm of terminal operations. Shanghai Border Inspection has made customs clearance of large ships calm through "Internet +" - as early as before the arrival of the "Changfan" ship, the border inspection authorities have handled the pre-inspection procedures for the ship in advance through the "single window" platform to ensure that the inspection and inspection of the ship will be completed immediately after the arrival of the port. "These facilities can reduce the berthing time of each foreign ship by an average of 1 to 2 hours. Not only does it save a lot of costs for enterprises every year, but more importantly, the frequency of ship throughput at the terminal is accelerated, which plays a great role in improving the speed of container circulation and optimizing the ship route. Zhou Jiajie, director of the border inspection department of Yangshan Border Inspection Station, said.
At the airport and port shore, a series of first-mover trials are also advancing in turn. In the national border inspection system, it took the lead in building and launching the "Shanghai Single Window Border Inspection Aircraft Declaration Platform", which can save an average of 40 minutes of customs clearance time for each entry and exit cargo aircraft; play a combination of "special window for border inspection of carrying epidemic prevention materials + cargo aircraft inspection area + full-time apron inspection team + wireless mobile inspection and release vehicle", and fully help enterprises resume work and production. Since 2020, Shanghai border inspection has inspected more than 150,000 inbound and outbound cargo planes, accounting for more than 40% of the country, and once set a new record for nearly 400 inbound and outbound cargo planes inspected in a single day. With the convenience of customs clearance to promote the great acceleration of the flow of factors, today's Shanghai Border Inspection is actively serving and deeply integrating into the new development pattern, helping Shanghai to accelerate on the new journey of high-level development and opening up.
The pujiang river is rushing with tides, and the sails are on the waves. Looking back on the past, 70 years of wind and rain, the original mission of Shanghai Border Inspection has always been the same. Focusing on today, the journey of the new era has begun, and the Shanghai Border Inspection is continuing to write more wonderful national stories with a more lofty attitude.
Author: He Yi
Editor: Liu Liyuan