Wind and clouds, used to watching Sangtian change into the sea, experience history, immerse yourself in it, ancient and modern, how many stories are laughing! Xiaobian takes you to learn more historical stories
After the Battle of Huaihai, Huaye sent a large number of captured senior officers of the Nationalist army to Yidu, Shandong (present-day Qingzhou, Shandong) for concentrated short training, where they studied and reformed while collecting and understanding the situation of the Nationalist army.
When these nationalist generals revealed to our side various situations before and after the war, a remark by a major general of the Nationalist army named Li Hanping attracted our attention. According to him, before Chiang Kai-shek launched the Battle of Xu Beng (which we call the Battle of Huaihai), he had been madly under the order to blow up the yellow river embankment in order to prevent the Shandong communist army from assembling on the front line of Xuzhou. What's going on?
First, Qiu Qingquan's slow movements angered the high-level
In July 1948, after our army annihilated more than 90,000 Kuomintang troops in the Battle of Eastern Henan, the East China Field Army gradually assembled in the southwest of Lu, and the two major armies in the east and west were reunited into one, and in September, they successfully conquered Jinan, annihilating more than 100,000 people in Wang Yaowu's troops.
By the end of September of that year, Huaye's main force was constantly moving east and south, and according to Su Yu's idea, the troops would go out to the east of xu beng's first line and introduce the front line into Jianghuai, forcing the main force of the nationalist army to shrink to Jianghuai, reducing the pressure on the central plains battlefield and further expanding our liberated areas. This is the famous Su Yu "Little Huaihai" proposal in history. This meant fighting a limited-scale external campaign, rather than fighting a decisive battle with the main force of the Nationalist army in Xuzhou.
In early November, su Yu, in light of the changes in the situation, proposed to the central authorities to retain the main force of the Kuomintang army in Jiangbei on the xu beng front, and strive to annihilate it in the north of Jiangbei, so as to make the Huaihai Campaign a decisive battle. This was the idea of the "Great Huaihai" Campaign, and later the Central Committee agreed that the Huaihai Campaign would begin the decisive battle. Under the command of Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, and Chen Yi, Nakano's main force also conquered Zhengzhou and Xuchang one after another, and moved to the front line of Xuzhou.
In response to the assembly of Huaye and Nakano, the Nationalist side was also aware of it.
Chiang Kai-shek initially decided not to fight a decisive battle in Xuzhou, and withdrew the main force around Xuzhou to Bengbu along the Huai River. However, he later changed his plan, intending to fight a decisive battle with the communist army in Xuzhou and appropriately abandon the outer territory of Xuzhou.
The Second Corps, formerly stationed west of Xuzhou, followed Jiang Zhi's orders and moved east toward Xuzhou.
The commander of the Second Corps was Qiu Qingquan, a famous general of the Nationalist Army, and the backbone of the corps was the Fifth Army, which was originally under the command of Qiu Qingquan, and was known as one of the five main forces of the Nationalist Army.
Once upon a time, when Qiu Qingquan fought against HuaYe, he was not afraid to hide, and dared to rush in front to fight a hard battle. However, after a series of battles in eastern Henan, Shatuji, Jinan, and Yanzhou, Huaye became stronger and stronger, and both the command level and the state of the troops were far stronger than the nationalist army.
The weaker Nationalist troops on the East China battlefield basically suffered losses and were either annihilated or crippled. Su Yu's goal also gradually shifted to the strongest Nationalist Second Corps and Seventh Corps (Huang Baitao's division) in East China, and Qiu Qingquan had lost the courage to be tough with Hua Ye at this time. When he organized the troops to take the oath, he even used a set of bandits to swear an oath, asking the soldiers to say something, "If you flee and surrender, then the male thieves and female prostitutes and the red cannon pierce the heart." Many officers felt that it was detrimental to the dignity of the country and the army, and instead of playing a role in stabilizing the morale of the army, it made the officers and men feel more mentally scattered.
The movements of the various units under Qiu Qingquan's command were also not rapid, and the forty-sixth division of the elite Fifth Army in the corps encountered Huaye's unit near Huangkou, and the division collapsed at once before it could engage much, and it had no merit in fighting. Qiu Qingquan was furious and ordered Xiong Xiaosan, commander of the Fifth Army, to personally command the troops to counterattack, otherwise the military law would be engaged.
Although The General Manager of Xuzhou was dissatisfied with Qiu Bu's slowness and weakness, he had no choice but to report the situation to the Ministry of National Defense. At that time, Chiang Kai-shek was dizzy and dizzy by the great defeat in the northeast, and he heard the news and scolded Qiu Qingquan for mistaking the country. However, when Huaye's troops were pressing the border, Chiang Kai-shek did not dare to change generals on the spot.
Second, the generals of the Nationalist army were reluctant to bomb the Yellow River
Chiang Kai-shek, who has always liked micro-exercises, studied the topographic map of East China and suddenly had a genius-like idea: replace the soldiers with rivers!
As early as 1938, in order to prevent the Japanese from attacking Henan, the Kuomintang authorities opened the Zhengzhou Huayuankou levee, to a certain extent to achieve the purpose of blocking the Japanese army's march into Henan and Hubei, but the two provinces of Henan and Lu were hit by disasters for thousands of miles, and millions of people's homes were tragically destroyed, drowning and starving to death. It also indirectly triggered the more tragic 1942 Famine in Henan.
The lower reaches of the Yellow River flowed from Henan into Shandong, and were flowing through the area where the main forces of Huaye in southwest Lu were assembled and moved, and Chiang Kai-shek frantically proposed to open the Yellow River embankment at Dongkou to block the advance of Luxi Huaye's troops to the southeast.
Chiang Kai-shek also knew the tragic lesson of the 1938 river, which was decided to stop the Japanese, and there were also excuses for the good villains. But now that the Kuomintang and the Communists are in civil war, they can no longer ignore the lives and deaths of the people. Chiang Kai-shek deliberately ordered, using a highly classified telegram, to let Qiu Qingquan himself personally enlighten, and ordered him to send troops to break the levee of the Yellow River in Dongkou, west of Juancheng, Shandong, so that Luxi would fall into the flooded country of the Yellow River.
After Qiu Qingquan received the order, he heard thunderbolts.
Although he was extremely vicious in fighting the People's Liberation Army, he was still a Chinese after all, with basic humanity and reason. Fighting and killing people is inevitable, but the decision to open the Yellow River is a disaster to the country and the people, and the tragic situation of the people of Henan in 1938 is still yesterday, if you really do this, you will be nailed to the column of shame of history in the future.
However, Chiang Kai-shek's secret telegram was extremely resolute and unquestionable, and Qiu Qingquan, as a soldier, would never dare to go back hard, otherwise he would have died under the sword and gun before he was nailed to the pillar of historical shame. Qiu Qingquan was helpless and asked Li Hanping, chief of staff of major generals of the Second Corps, to secretly discuss countermeasures. Later, Li Hanping was captured, and the reason why he was able to present the plan to bomb the Yellow River to the People's Liberation Army and Pan was that he had previously participated in the secret discussion of bombing the river.
The two discussed and discussed, feeling that this task was too tricky, and qiu and Li were unwilling to bear this historical crime. It is not appropriate to send his men to go. Sending his own subordinates to the Fifth Army was a bit reluctant; sending other troops, afraid that the commander-in-chief of the military division was not his own.
However, time could not be delayed, and Qiu Qingquan finally made up his mind, and The chief of staff, Li Hanping, came forward and summoned Gao Jiren, commander of the Seventieth Army, under the pretext of "sending a senior and superior command commander to carry out this heavy task," and instructed him to lead the army to carry out this task.
The Gaoji people were originally from Du Yuming's subordinates, and although they also served in the Fifth Army, they were not close to Qiu Qingquan. If the relationship between the two is imminent, the Gaoji people sometimes dare to softly and hard top Qiu Qingquan's orders.
When the Gaoji people first received this order, they were also a bit confused by the second monk. Breaking the river to block the troops, not to mention the difficulty, the effect is not good. At that time, the Huayuankou embankment was opened, and the Japanese army could not march from eastern Henan, and later detoured through Bengbu and captured Wuhan. Su Yu's ability is no less than that of the Japanese, how can the flood of hundreds of miles stop him?
After a little thought, Gao Jiren knew that Qiu Qingquan was digging a pit for him. Rusi had been completely liberated by Huaye, and the Nationalist army had no soldiers there. Three hundred kilometers from the garrison of the Second Corps of Zhongshan to Dongkou, the Nationalist army did not dare to transport troops by car, otherwise it would undoubtedly die if it attracted the attention of the communist army. On foot, the road is full of dangers, and it is very easy to fall into the encirclement of Huaye. This is obviously to make the Seventy Army jump into the fire pit.
The Gaoji people originally wanted to resign, but this was again an order issued by Chiang Kai-shek himself, he was only a small military commander, and there was absolutely no reason to resist. So he accepted the task with a hard scalp.
Third, the plan to blow up the embankment is stillborn
Qiu Qingquan, Li Hanping, and Gao Jiren secretly discussed and planned a plan to blow up the embankment and break the river.
Chiang Kai-shek said in his order that it is easy to blow up the levee, but how can the army go? How to fry? How do I get out? Chiang Kai-shek did not consider who bore the responsibility for harming the people. However, Qiu Qingquan, they are already familiar with President Jiang's micro-manipulation routine, I want to meddle in your front-line affairs and put forward various genius ideas, but I don't care how the front-line generals realize it.
Qiu Qingquan was really difficult enough.
Qiu, Li, and Gao discussed and came up with the following plan:
1. Gao Jiren led the Seventy Army to advance lightly, without any weight, and forced the army to Dongkou within three days, opened the levee and quickly withdrew.
2. In order to keep secrets and blame the Communist Party, the hat insignia and symbols of the Seventy Armed Forces were all taken off, and they were changed to the uniforms of the East China Field Army, and when the uniforms were not enough, they wore their own uniforms backwards, pretending to be a certain column of Huaye.
3. In order to cover up the attempt as much as possible, several embankments were blown open with explosives, and then bombed by bombers by the Air Force with heavy bombs, pretending that the national army had accidentally injured the embankment during combat.
4. In order for the river to flow south to cause flooding, after the breach, it is necessary to try to guide the river water into the Juye North Ditch and irrigate the Weishan Lake, so that Luxi will create a large flood area.
5. Before reaching Dongkou, the Gaoji people shall not reveal their true purpose to anyone in the Seventy Army, and then make arrangements to break the embankment before going to the levee.
6. After arriving at Dongkou, the nearby area must be strictly sealed, the entry and exit of local soldiers and civilians must be prohibited, and the soldiers must be strictly prevented from fleeing.
The plan to blow up the embankment was being put into action, but on November 4 and 5, the Xuzhou "Suppression General" held a meeting to study the next step. Qiu Qingquan repeatedly reflected that the lack of freedom of action led to repeated failures, and won a certain degree of discretion from Defense Minister Gu Zhutong.
Most importantly, he vigorously asked for permission to force Gu Zhutong to agree to the appropriate withdrawal of the Second Corps to the south and place its headquarters in Su County. In this way, the Second Corps and the Luxi Huaye forces were greatly separated.
Moreover, the overall deployment of the Xuzhou nationalist army was a contraction of the center to the south, and the north of Xuzhou basically gave up, and then prevented the Luxi communist army from moving to the southeast, which was not of great significance.
Qiu Qingquan therefore pretended to be confused and no longer mentioned the bombing of the Yellow River. Even if Chiang Kai-shek asks in the future, he will have something to say.
A catastrophe that could have plagued millions of people at the junction of the four provinces of Yuwan and Sulu was fortunately avoided by the Kuomintang authorities due to the change of orders and the lack of unity between the upper and lower levels.
The green mountains are still there, a few degrees of sunset red, the article ends here, want to know more historical stories remember the next issue is not scattered!