In November 1948, Su Yuyu, acting commander and acting political commissar of the East China Field Army, commanded the two major field armies of East China and the Central Plains, with a total of 23 columns of more than 600,000 people and 400,000 militiamen launching a strategic attack on the Kuomintang army in a vast area centered on Xuzhou. The Kuomintang army, under the command of Liu Zhi, commander-in-chief of the Xuzhou Bandits, assembled the 2nd, 13th, 7th, 16th, and 4th Corps, the 3rd, 4th (8th Corps), 1st, and 9th (later reorganized into the 6th Corps), and a total of about 600,000 troops from 25 armies in the four appeasement areas for defense. By the end of the campaign on 10 January 1949, 555,000 Nationalist troops had been wiped out and reorganized.
So who were the commanders of the 7 Kuomintang corps that participated in the Battle of Huaihai? How does it end? Let's take a look.
[1] 2nd Corps; Commander: Qiu Qingquan
The 2nd Corps was formed in August 1948 on the basis of the integrated 5th Army, with a total of 120,000 troops under the command of the 5th Army, 12th Army, 70th Army, 74th Army, 100th Army, newly organized 21st Brigade, and Independent Cavalry Brigade, and the commander was Du Yuming (in October 1948, Du Yuming was transferred to the northeast to command the operation, and Qiu Qingquan succeeded the commander). On November 30, 1948, the 2nd Corps stationed in the western suburbs of Xuzhou, under the command of Du Yuming, then deputy commander of the Xuzhou "Suppression General", together with the 13th and 16th corps, abandoned Xuzhou and retreated to Jiangnan, receiving chiang Kai-shek's order to attack southeast to rescue the besieged Huang Wei's 12th Corps. Finally, on December 4, it was surrounded by the East China Field Army in the Chenguanzhuang area northeast of Yongcheng. In January 1949, the 2nd Corps was annihilated in the Chenguanzhuang area of Yongcheng. Qiu Qingquan, deputy director of the Forward Command of the Xuzhou Bandit General Headquarters and commander of the 2nd Corps, was killed.
[2] 6th Corps; Commander: Li Yannian
On December 1, 1948, in order to reinforce Xuzhou, Chiang Kai-shek ordered the reorganization of the troops of the 9th Appeasement District into the 6th Corps, under the jurisdiction of the 99th, 54th, 39th, and 96th Armies, and Li Yannian, director of the Bengbu Command Post, was appointed as the commander of the Sixth Corps.
On December 20, 1948, due to reinforcements to Xuzhou, it was stubbornly blocked by the People's Liberation Army, and withdrew south from Bengbu, and was later transferred to the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Garrison Headquarters. In August 1949, the 6th Corps was annihilated in Fuzhou.
After Li Yannian led the 6th Corps to withdraw south, he successively served as deputy commander-in-chief of the Beijing-Shanghai-Hangzhou Garrison, director of the Jinhua Command Post, and deputy director of the Fuzhou Appeasement Office. At the end of August 1949, the People's Liberation Army liberated Fuzhou and marched into Pingtan. Li Yannian, who had been ordered to guard Pingtan to the death, failed in his command, so he handed over the military power to Ren Tongtang, chief of staff, and hurriedly flew to Taiwan. But he did not expect that Ren Tongtang did not reach Pingtan Island, so he led his troops to surrender in Fuqing County. Li Yannian, who came to Taiwan, was sent to a military court by Chiang Kai-shek because of the defense of Pingtan, and was framed by his chief of staff Sun Mingyu for perjury.
He was sentenced to 10 years in prison
He was released from prison after serving a 1-year sentence on guarantee by Kuomintang elders Jiang Dingwen and Liu Zhi, a fellow of Shandong Province, and Liu Anqi, a fellow villager in Shandong. After depression into disease,
He died on November 17, 1974, at the age of 70.
[3] 7th Corps; Commander: Huang Baitao
The 7th Corps (Huang Baitao Corps) was formed in July 1948 as the Rescue Zone Shounian Regiment, based on the integrated 25th Division, plus the 3rd Rapid Column and the 2nd Traffic Police Corps. After the end of the Battle of Eastern Henan in July 1948, the Seventh Corps was expanded to include the 25th Army, the 63rd Army, the 64th Army, and the 100th Army (about 100,000 people). On November 11, 1948, when the Seventh Corps was ordered to withdraw west to the eastern suburbs of Xuzhou, it was surrounded by three columns of Huaye in the Nianzhuang area.
On November 22, 1948, 100,000 men of the 7th Corps were all annihilated by the East China Field Army, and commander Huang Baitao was killed.
[4] 8th Corps; Commander: Liu Ruming
The 8th Corps was reorganized from the Fourth Appeasement District Army in November 1948 and had jurisdiction over the 55th Army, 68th Army, and 96th Army, and was commanded by Liu Ruming.
After the failure to rescue Huang Baitao and Huang Wei in the Battle of Huaihai in 1948, Liu Ruming was ordered to lead the 8th Corps to retreat south and take charge of the Yangtze River defense line.
In April 1949, the Eighth Corps collapsed at the first touch of the Battle of the River Crossing, fled all the way, and was completely annihilated in Xiamen, Fujian Province, in October. The commander Liu Ruming fled to Taiwan with a small number of cronies; he was dismissed by Chiang Kai-shek on the grounds of "ineffective combat", and was devastated from then on, and was forced to retire to the reserve in 1952, which can be said to be a desolate scene.
In 1975, Liu Ruming died of illness in his apartment in Taiwan at the age of 80.
[5] 12th Corps; Commander: Huang Wei
The 12th Corps was formed in August 1948 on the basis of the reorganized 18th Army and Wu Shaozhou's 4th Corps, with a total of 120,000 people under the jurisdiction of the 10th Army, 14th Army, 18th Army, 85th Army, and the Fourth Rapid Column affiliated with the 18th Army, with Huang Wei, deputy commanders Hu Lian, and Wu Shaozhou. In November 1948, after Huang Baitao's corps was besieged in Nianzhuang, Li Yannian's 6th Corps and Liu Ruming's 8th Corps, which were reinforced from Bengbu to Suxian County, delayed their northward advance for fear of being attacked by the People's Liberation Army, causing Reinforcements from the Central China Bandit General Headquarters to reinforce Huang Baitao, and the 12th Corps marching to Suxian County was prominent and isolated, and the Central Plains Field Army seized the opportunity.
On November 25, he surrounded the Shuangduiji area southwest of Su County with 7 columns. Against the well-equipped and fierce Huang Wei Corps, the Central Plains Field Army adopted a large number of close-range offensive methods of soil work; in addition, the strength of 5 columns of the Central China Field Army was increased, and finally on December 15, 1948, the 120,000 people of the 12 Corps were annihilated.
Commander Huang Wei was captured and sent to the Gongdelin War Criminals Management Center in Beijing for rehabilitation. In 1975, Huang Wei was pardoned as one of the last war criminals, and later served as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, devoting himself to the study of the military history of the National Revolutionary Army.
On March 20, 1989, he died of a heart attack in Beijing at the age of 85.
[6] 13th Corps; Commander: Li Mi
The 13th Corps was formed in August 1948 by the expansion of the reorganized Eighth Army, with commander Li Mi and deputy commanders Chen Bing and Huang Zhiliang. It administers the 8th and 9th Armies. On November 30, 1948, the 13th Corps stationed in Xuzhou, under the command of Du Yuming, then deputy commander of the Xuzhou "Suppression General", and together with the 2nd and 16th corps, abandoned Xuzhou and retreated to Jiangnan, on the way received chiang Kai-shek's order to attack southeast to rescue the besieged 12th Corps.
Finally, on December 4, it was surrounded by the East China Field Army in the Chenguanzhuang area northeast of Yongcheng. It was eventually annihilated on January 10, 1949 in the Qinglongji area.
The commander of the 13th Corps, Li Mi, escaped in disguise. From Qingdao to Nanjing by sea ferry
。 Later, he was ordered to rebuild the 13th Corps, and still served as the commander of the 13th Corps and the commander of the 8th Army, stationed in Yunnan Zhanyi, Qujing and other places. After the Luhan Uprising on December 9, 1949, Li Mi and Yu Chengwan, who had been released, led their troops to retreat to the Kaiyuan and Mengzi areas of southern Yunnan. In 1950, most of the 8th and 26th Armies under the 13th Corps were annihilated, and the remnants fled to northern Burma, where They were gathered by Li and some of the stubborn forces to form the "First Column of the Anti-Communist Anti-Russian Salvation Army in the Southern Yunnan Border Region". Li Mi was appointed as the "Commander-in-Chief of the People's Anti-Communist National Salvation Army of Yunnan Province" and "Chairman of the Yunnan Provincial Government and Director of the Yunnan Appeasement Office". In 1954, Li Mi led most of his troops to withdraw to Taiwan. In 1964, he retired with the rank of lieutenant general of the Kuomintang Army.
On December 7, 1973, Li Mi died of a sudden heart attack. On the 21st, he was posthumously awarded the title of second-class general of the Army.
[7] 16th Corps; Commander: Sun Yuanliang
The 19th Corps was formed in August 1948 on the basis of the 47th Army and the 5th Appeasement District of the Sichuan Army, with the 41st Army, 47th Army and 99th Army under its command, and the commander was Sun Yuanliang. On November 30, 1948, the 16th Corps stationed in the western suburbs of Xuzhou, under the command of Du Yuming, then deputy commander of the Xuzhou "Suppression General", abandoned Xuzhou and the 2nd and 13th corps to retreat to Jiangnan, and on the way received chiang Kai-shek's order to attack southeast to rescue the besieged 12th Corps. Finally, on December 4, it was surrounded by the East China Field Army in the Chenguanzhuang area northeast of Yongcheng. On 6 December, most of the 16th Corps was annihilated due to coordination errors.
The commander of the 16th Corps, Sun Yuanliang, escaped with Zhang Chongwen, commander of the 122nd Division, and Yan Yi, commander of the 124th Division, and led more than 400 officers and men of the Corps Headquarters to Wuhan via Qingshan, Henan.
In early January 1949, he went to Nanjing and was approved to reorganize the 16th Corps. At the end of 1949, Sun Yuanliang led the remnants of the 16th Corps to garrison Sichuan, but due to the electrification of the 41st Army and the 47th Army led by him, he had to take the opportunity to leave the mainland and reach Taiwan via Hong Kong. Sun Yuanliang, who was in Taiwan, because he had an old grudge with Chen Cheng, repeatedly chose to retire and change to business.
He died in Taiwan on May 25, 2007 at the age of 103, the last of the first batch of students at the Whampoa Military Academy to die.
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