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Solid-state batteries are considered to be the core technology of the next generation of power batteries due to their advantages of high energy density, safety and long life. Recently, the attention of solid-state batteries has been rising, and the good news has continued. Recently, Chongqing Tailan New Energy has successfully developed and manufactured the world's first all-solid-state lithium metal battery that meets vehicle standards. On April 8, SAIC's Zhiji Automobile announced the world's first model equipped with an ultra-fast-charging solid-state battery, the Zhiji L6. GAC Aion's Wubo brand announced that it will release an all-solid-state battery on April 12.
On April 10, according to the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Process Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, the advanced energy storage materials and technology research group of the institute has made new progress in the research of sulfide electrolyte, solved the industry pain points and bottlenecks of the sulfide all-solid-state battery stacking process, opened up the last difficulty in the production process of large-scale vehicle batteries of sulfide all-solid-state batteries, and made a key breakthrough in the sulfide pouch battery lamination technology.
It is reported that the multi-layer laminated pouch battery prepared by the above-mentioned research team has been cycled 300 times, and the capacity is almost not attenuated, and the performance is still being tested. At present, the research team is preparing for the landing of the 20Ah sulfide all-solid-state battery molding production line, and is cooperating with upstream and downstream industries to accelerate the technology research and development and verification process, and strive to take the lead in realizing the mass production of sulfide all-solid-state batteries in 2026.
At present, the Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences has built a pilot line for the batch preparation of kilogram-level sulfide electrolytes, which can achieve stable preparation at the kilogram level. A small-scale test preparation line for all-solid-state batteries has been built, and the high-voltage, long-life soft-pack all-solid-state lithium-ion battery developed has been cycled 1000 times at a rate of 0.5C at room temperature, with a capacity of 92%, and the battery is still being tested (Toyota has set a standard of 1500 cycles and a capacity of 80%), with a discharge capacity at 4C rate.
Looking back at the development of the solid-state battery industry from the "major breakthrough in sulfide all-solid-state batteries":
- Solid-state batteries can break through the energy density limit of liquid batteries
Solid-state batteries refer to lithium-ion batteries that use solid-state electrolytes, which are still lithium batteries in essence, and only replace the electrolyte and separator with solid-state batteries. Solid-state batteries have the characteristics of non-flammable, high-temperature resistance, non-corrosion and non-volatile, and the solid-state electrolyte is the core of the solid-state battery, and the electrolyte material largely determines the performance parameters of the solid-state lithium battery, such as power density, cycle stability, safety performance, high and low temperature performance and service life.
The main difference between solid-state lithium batteries and traditional lithium batteries is that the solid-state battery electrolyte is solid-state, which is equivalent to the transfer of lithium ions to the solid-state electrolyte. The main advantages of solid-state batteries are higher energy density and better thermal stability.
The reason why solid-state batteries are deployed by global car companies is that solid-state batteries can break through the energy density limit of liquid batteries. At present, the energy density that can be achieved by liquid lithium batteries is close to the limit, and the energy density of all-solid-state lithium batteries has the potential to exceed 500wh/kg, so solid-state batteries are the development direction of lithium batteries in the future, and they are also the highlands that enterprises must strive for.
——The development trend of solid-state battery industry
According to the IEA's preliminary estimates, by 2025, solid-state battery technology will be commercialized and begin to gradually move towards the next generation of lithium batteries (lithium-metal/lithium-air/lithium-sulfur).
From the perspective of the development path of lithium battery technology, various plans in the mainland, and the layout of solid-state batteries of various enterprises, the development of the solid-state battery industry will become the general trend. In the future, the relevant technologies of the mainland solid-state battery industry will continue to improve, and the solid-state battery will also show higher energy density, better safety and lower cost, and the time for large-scale production and commercial development is not far away.
According to the analysis of the Prospective Industry Research Institute, at present, global companies have begun to increase the research layout of solid-state lithium batteries, and the industrialization process of solid-state lithium batteries is expected to accelerate under the promotion of national policies. It is expected that global solid-state battery shipments will grow rapidly from 2021 to 2030, and may exceed 250GWh by 2030.
Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said at the China Electric Vehicle 100 Forum (2024) that all-solid-state batteries are expected to be industrialized around 2030; All-solid-state batteries are recognized as one of the preferred solutions for next-generation batteries, and they are also the key commanding heights of the competition for next-generation battery technology, which may bring disruptive risks.
A number of industry insiders said that the solid-state batteries on the market are not all-solid-state batteries, but only semi-solid-state batteries (still containing liquid electrolytes), and all-solid-state batteries still need to overcome many technical problems from the laboratory to mass production.
Prospective Economist APP Information Group
For more research and analysis of this industry, please refer to the "Market Prospect and Investment Strategic Planning Analysis Report of China's Solid-state Battery Industry" by Qianzhan Industry Research Institute.
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