Do you know "pick up the boy"?
This is a popular post in the Mother and Baby Forum.
(Source: A parenting community)
Refers to the mother who gave birth to a son to share their experience with netizens, netizens replied with the post, hoping that they can receive good luck and give birth to a boy.
There is no doubt that the number of messages is almost thousands or even tens of thousands, and the enthusiasm of mothers for their sons can be seen.
(Source: A parenting community)
In another community, the notes related to "picking up the male treasure" are also more than 10,000 easily.
(Source: Little X Book)
On the other hand, for the birth of girls, everyone's enthusiasm is not so high.
(Source: Little X Book)
Replaced by a video, "pick up the male treasure" is also quite popular.
Source: TikTok
It's normal for someone to like boys and someone to like girls.
But when the gap between the two is too large, it shows that "son preference" is more than the preference of one or two families.
Instead, thousands of families have strong attachment and anxiety of "must have grandchildren", "pass on incense", and "mothers rely on children".
(Source: Today's Statement/Moral Observation)
(Source: Today's Statement/Moral Observation)
In 2012, Ms. Ren of Zhumadian, Henan Province, was pregnant in October and finally gave birth to a "son".
However, she found that the "son" had both male and female characteristics, and the family was anxious, so she took the "son" to the hospital for examination.
The doctor diagnosed that although the child looked like a boy, the actual chromosome was female, which was a typical developmental abnormality deformity.
(Source: Focus Interview)
It turned out that when Ms. Ren was 5 months pregnant, she ate the "transsexual pills" bought by her mother-in-law.
(Source: Super News Field)
It's a drug that claims to be able to convert the sex of the fetus, and most parents buy it for "female to male".
We who have studied biology know that male sperm carries the Y sex chromosome, and successful fertilization will develop into a boy, and carrying X sex chromosome, it will develop into a girl after successful fertilization.
That is to say, the sex of the fetus is determined at the moment of fertilization, and it mainly depends on the man.
So how does the "transfiguration pill" "female to male"?
In fact, this is the illusion of methyltestosterone in the "transfiguration pill".
Methyltestosterone is an androgen that promotes the development of the genitals towards the male sexual organs, counters the effects of estrogen, and inhibits the development of the female ovarian pituitary gland and sexual organs [1].
When taken by pregnant women, it can cause abnormal development of the female fetus's reproductive system, and if taken earlier, the fetal reproductive system has just begun to develop, which may cause [2,3,4]:
The labia majora fuse completely or partially, enlarging as in the male testicles (but not the testicles);
The urethra and the external vaginal opening are combined into one;
The clitoris enlarges and moves up to varying degrees, and can be enlarged into male external genitalia;
Urine-genitourinary nodules and urethral folds develop into the penis;
The uterus is small or even without a uterus.
Because the chromosomes are female, these girls may still develop in puberty.
At this point, "his" breasts will bulge because the vagina and the external urethra mouth will fuse, and "it may even come from the urethral opening to menstruate."
If the fetus is a boy, large amounts of androgens may also lead to miscarriage, early childhood growth and development, and bone age advance [4].
The male yellow in some "transsexual pills" can also lead to embryonic development stoppage, few or more fingers/toes, and ear development deformities.
(Source: ENT Center of the Naval General Hospital)
The congenital deformity catalyzed by man, the hindsight that he is a "monster", is a painful torture on any person, but there are still countless people who forcibly manipulate the child's body in order to give birth to a boy.
(Source: A parenting community)
In February 2019, at the Luohu port in Shenzhen, a 12-year-old girl was stopped by customs because her school bag was "about to burst open."
When her school bag was opened, everyone was stunned, and inside was a bag full of pregnant women's blood test tubes, as many as 142!
(Source: Beijing News)
Pregnant women have name tags on their blood and are accompanied by a "Maternal Blood Y Chromosome Genetic TestIng Application Form", which includes the length of fetal buds, the number of gestational weeks, the date of blood collection, and the number of pregnant fetuses, which indicate that someone is secretly conducting fetal sex identification.
Source: Stand Cool Helo
Even in recent years, such cases have continued to emerge, and parents may bleed if they find out that it is a female fetus.
Countless girls have lost their lives to their own hands.
(Source: Xiao Intranet, Today's Statement, Beijing News)
(Source: Xiao Intranet, Today's Statement, Beijing News)
(Source: Xiao Intranet, Today's Statement, Beijing News)
This long-term gender preference has led to a serious imbalance in the proportion of men and women in China.
According to the China Children's Development Program, in 2017, the sex ratio at birth on the mainland was 111.9 (100 for females) [5].
Source: Stand Cool Helo
This means that approximately every 100 male babies are born, and only 90 female babies are born.
The United Nations believes that the normal range should be 103 to 107 (100 for women) [6].
Of course, there may be baby girls who have not been registered for birth, but as the children go to school and work, these hidden children will gradually appear in the statistics, so the census data may be more suitable.
Data from the 6th Census in 2010 shows:
The overall average sex ratio of the "post-90s" is 110.76, that is, 110 boys: 100 girls;
More serious is the "post-00s", with a sex ratio of 118.91, or 119 boys versus 100 girls.[7,8]
(Image source: United Nations Population Fund)
Data from the China Statistical Yearbook (2020) also show that the imbalance between men and women after the "00" in the mainland is the most serious:
As of 2019, the most gender imbalanced age on the mainland is 0-14 years old and 15-19 years old, and the sex ratio of these two age groups is 119.10 and 118.39 respectively [9,10].
Almost 100 girls correspond to 120 boys.
(Source: Look at the news)
Some people explain that there are many more boys born than girls, not because of the preference for sons over daughters, but because people feel that they can still have children when they have daughters, and when they give birth to boys, they must consider buying a house for him and getting married, and they dare not have children.
In fact, from the perspective of probability, this will not affect the sex ratio at birth:
Most likely, they are "disappeared.".
But these girls who are born must be very happy?
Hard!
It can be said that from childhood to adulthood, they are not really "family members".
After birth, they were given names full of expectations: "Zhao Di", "Pan Di" and "Ying Di".
(Source: Douyin)
But it is not them who are expected, but their brothers.
(Source: "Niangdao")
In childhood, the intentional or unintentional contempt and neglect of their families made them understand their status, and girls who should have been carefree knew how to observe colors, do housework, and take care of their families from an early age.
(Source: Douyin)
Growing up, their needs and sufferings are often ignored by their families, because they will always become "spilled water".
(Source: "All Is Good")
But when they grow up, they still have to follow social concepts and become "intimate little cotton jackets".
(Source: Douyin)
(Source: Douyin)
And no matter how sensible and hard-working, the girl will always be the back of the hand.
(Source: China News Weekly, Douban)
(Source: China News Weekly, Douban)
Even until death, you will be trapped in the "son preference".
(Source: Sannong Network)
Fang Mouyang, who was beaten to death by her husband's family due to infertility, was married to a yin before being cremated.
(Source: Oriental Today)
The culture of son preference, the cultural indoctrination of generation after generation, makes everyone accustomed to the oppression of women.
So much so that many people don't realize that it's not right for them to do this.
Even oppressed women, because they grew up in this culture and lived in such marriages, will once again become pregnant women who desperately take the "transsexual pill" under the abduction of family affection, mothers who desperately give birth to sons, mothers-in-law who think that the life of their grandchildren is far more important than those of their daughters-in-law, and mothers who prefer their sons.
While it's hard to change the thinking of the previous generation, we can start with ourselves and take a step toward change.
I hope that every favored younger brother will realize that the sister, like herself, deserves to be loved and has the right to learn and marry freely;
(Source: Finansforbundet)
I hope that every girl who "disappoints her family" knows that she, like her brother, is smart, beautiful, free, can be excellent, and does not have to go through "must have a son" again;
I hope that every father will find that boys and girls are just as good, excellent education, loving companionship, and let children become capitalizers;
I hope that every mother can be brave enough to be herself, you are not a fertility machine that has been passed down from generation to generation.
I hope that this act of ignorance will end in the hands of you and me.
END
Review expert: Wang Qi | Chief Physician of the Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University
bibliography
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Liu Yongying, Zhang Xiaoping. Application of urethral prolongation in the orthodontic surgery of pseudo-hermaphroditism in women[J]. Journal of Bengbu Medical College, 2009, 34(6): 497-499.
Zhang Xiaoping, Liu Yongying, Xie Zhihong, Li Liang. Analysis of 13 cases of sham amphoteric malformations in drug-induced women[J]. Journal of Bengbu Medical College, 2006, 31(5): 534-535.
Meta-analysis of 342 female pseudo-hermaphroditic deformities in 342 women[J]. Journal of China Medical University, 2010, 39(1): 64-. LI Quan-Rong, LIN Bei, YI Xi-Lian, LIU Shui-Ce, WANG Sheng-Tan, ZHANG Shu-Lan.
National Bureau of Statistics. Outline for the Development of Children in China (2011-2020). Beijing:People's Publishing House,2018.]
[6] United Nations Population Fund (2012), Handbook of Gender Ratio Advocacy at Birth, Beijing: United Nations Population Fund China
Gu Yu Laboratory. The "post-00s" gender ratio imbalance intensifies: women who "disappear" from the data https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_2704431
National Bureau of Statistics. China Statistical Yearbook. Beijing:China Statistics Press,1996~2012.]
Chen Jie, Zhao Haiying. 21st Century Business Herald. Inventory of the sex ratio of 31 provinces in China: Sichuan's "more women than men", "post-00s" gender ratio imbalance is the most obvious, https://m.21jingji.com/article/20201211/14d478c1cdf8e600faf23251e44f37c9.html
National Bureau of Statistics. China Statistical Yearbook-2020. Beijing:China Statistics Press,2020.]
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