Baker Street Detective Officer
Author: Lu Zhenxi
The significance of EDR is not to avoid accidents, but to let future generations avoid accidents as much as possible
In the era of intelligent driving, users are full of concerns about driving safety, in order to eliminate consumer concerns, while conforming to the trend of the development of autonomous driving technology, in February 2021, the requirements of the "Technical Conditions for the Safety of Motor Vehicle Operation" (GB7258-2017) National Standard No. 2 amendment order were issued.
The document stipulates that from January 1, 2022, newly produced passenger cars are required to be equipped with a vehicle event data recording system (EDR), or with a DVR that complies with GB/T38892 regulations. From the point of view of function, EDR is actually the "black box" of the car, which can record the driving information of the vehicle and cannot avoid accidents, even so, why is it mandatory for new cars to install EDR?
EDR improves industry safety
EDR aliases include a driving recorder (non-driving recorder), data memory, its function is mainly to record the vehicle before the collision, during the collision, after the collision of the three stages, the car's speed, ABS status, seat belt status and other key operating data.
Although it is impossible to predict and circumvent the accident before the accident, the EDR system can form a huge traffic accident database for each traffic accident, provide evidence for the determination of responsibility, and help intelligent driving analysts to further improve the intelligent driving system, thereby improving the safety of the automatic driving system.
According to the data at the end of 2020, in the past few years, there have been an average of nearly 200,000 traffic accidents in china every year. When we can't avoid traffic accidents, we can only take all feasible means to try our best to continue the time spent in front of the "public", and even make them "forever" at the data level, so that the intelligent driving system can remember the relevant data and help the intelligent driving system reduce the frequency of traffic accidents through AI learning.
According to the EDR standard, the data elements recorded by the EDR module are divided into A and B levels. There are 23 A-class data elements, including longitudinal acceleration, anti-lock braking system status, clipping signs, accelerator control (pedal) position, etc., and 50 B-class elements, including lateral acceleration, brake pedal position, automatic emergency braking (AEB) system status, airbag status, etc. Among them, the A-level data elements will be implemented first on January 1, 2022, followed by the addition of B-level data.
In terms of hardware composition, EDR mainly includes the main control chip (MCU), power module, memory module and sensing module. The sensor is responsible for data acquisition of vehicle speed, driver seat belt status, turn signal switch status, brake pedal position and other data, MCU will collect the status information, parsing and compressing it and writing it to the storage unit, receiving and transmitting real-time data through the automotive CAN data bus.
After an accident, technicians can reconstruct the accident by extracting the ECU parts and reading the relevant data in the memory with the help of the EDR Data Reading Tool (CDR). During the data collection process, vehicle crash data is mainly integrated on the AirbagECU (Automotive Airbag Controller, ACU).
When an accident occurs in a car, the ACU senses the collision intensity signal and controls the detonation of the airbag in the car, while the EDR is responsible for recording the driving information within a few seconds of the car accident, such as speed, acceleration, ABS status, airbag status, gear, vehicle braking state and time.
The commercial vehicle market is widely used
Although the mandatory installation of EDR for new cars was only implemented in January this year, according to the data of the high-tech industry research, only 1.3571 million new cars equipped with EDR equipment were installed in the new cars in 2020, and the market penetration rate has reached 7.12%.
And with the continuous deepening of the process of automobile intelligence and networking, complex electronic control systems and automatic driving technology will produce a series of safety hazards such as vehicle system failure, driver misoperation, network information security, etc., so it is necessary to access the vehicle speed, brake and other signals from the data source than the existing driving recorder.
Combined with the PROVISIONS OF GB/T38892, the DVR that meets the requirements, the vehicle test required, and the parts test process are more numerous and cumbersome, and the automakers are more inclined to install EDR, under the dual impetus of policy and simpler installation process, the penetration rate of EDR is expected to be further improved, improve road transport safety management, and reduce the frequency of road traffic accidents.
Because the car driving recorder can record, store and realize data output through data communication, the digital electronic recording device that can record, store, and realize data output through data communication, it is mainly used in commercial models such as school buses, road buses and tourist buses, buses without passenger standing areas, dangerous goods transport vehicles, semi-trailer tractors, and heavy trucks.
According to statistics, in 2021, the production and sales of mainland automobiles will exceed 26 million units, and Industrial Securities is expected to reach 27.43 million vehicles in 2022 based on this as the basis and with an annual automobile production growth rate of 5.5%.
It is not difficult to comb the entire industry and find that there are currently a large number of companies involved in EDR production in China. In the field of intelligent controllers and automotive connectors, there are enterprises such as Ruida, Yonggui Electric Appliances, Dingtong Technology and other enterprises to participate; in the field of vehicle modules, there are companies such as Quectel Communications and Guanghetong; in the field of lidar lasers and optical components, there are enterprises such as Optical Library Technology and Tianfu Communication; in the field of thermal management, there are Huagong Technology; in the field of vehicle-mounted gateways, there are Yinghantong; and in the field of high-precision navigation and positioning, there are companies such as Huazhi Navigation and Beidou Xingtong.
Although it is only some enterprises, it is not difficult to find the connection between the above companies, that is, most of them are "Internet of Things concept enterprises", combined with the aircraft "black box" is not networked, each time you need to take the risk of "black box damage, data can not be recovered, consume a lot of manpower and material resources to search, in the signal tower coverage of the vehicle EDR network has a unique advantage.
The trend towards EDR networking is irreversible
For the aviation industry, black box networking has been explored since 2015.
At the time, Canadian company Flyht AerospaceSolutions launched an automated flight system that cost about $100,000 to install, transmitting aircraft performance data in real time and updating cockpit-related data every 5-10 minutes. Most importantly, the system recognizes anomalies such as course deviations, and as soon as it occurs, it immediately transmits data per second to report.
Although due to various reasons, the current networked version of the "black box" has not yet been popularized, but for the vehicle EDR, whether it is 5G transmission speed, or ground signal coverage, has the basic conditions for full networking, the future EDR networking is only in line with the industry development trend.
And for now, because there is no clear EDR information storage method in the current regulations, most car companies use local storage, or cloud space interactive storage through on-board terminal equipment, and want to extract EDR device information, only need a "car collision event data reading device", access to the vehicle OBD port, open the reading software on the computer, you can open the Excel sheet, which is tantamount to increasing the risk of user privacy leakage, when all EDR data networking, the vehicle OBD interface can be more hidden , it is more conducive to protecting user privacy.
Referring to the recent key points of automobile standardization work, the relevant departments have further stipulated 15 contents in the field of intelligent networked vehicles and the field of automotive chips. Huaxi Securities deduced from this that in 2022, information security, data compliance, and intelligent networking are expected to enter the acceleration channel, and L3+ is steadily advancing.
EDR data cloud storage just meets the three standards of information security, data compliance and intelligent networking. Looking back at the development process of the domestic Internet of Vehicles, the Mainland Internet of Vehicles is changing from the stage of on-board information services to the stage of intelligent network services. At this stage, a number of V2X front-loading models have been mass-produced and launched in China, and the LTE-V2X function has been highly valued by car companies. In terms of road intelligence, on March 19 this year, the country's first road network-level intelligent expressway that supports high-level automatic driving began operation.
It can be seen that the construction of autonomous driving and vehicle network network infrastructure has entered an accelerated period, the future with the popularity of automatic driving is getting higher and higher, the 5G environment is becoming more and more perfect, the mandatory installation of EDR, storage data will show a geometric growth, hindered by the limitations of local data storage capacity, data network may be the optimal solution, if enterprises to open up data barriers, share EDR data, will quickly promote the safety of intelligent driving system.
epilogue
In today's increasingly popular Internet of Vehicles, the frequency of traffic accidents can be greatly reduced through technical means. Once unfortunate, I hope that EDR can make this accident "forever" at the data level, avoid risks for latecomers, and let EDR play a role in the road traffic industry of "planting trees for predecessors and cooling off for future generations".
To paraphrase the "Hayne Rule" commonly used in the aviation industry: behind every serious accident, there must be 29 minor accidents and 300 failed precursors and 1,000 accident hazards.
If EDR can record every minor accident, through big data analysis, can it help future generations to detect potential 1,000 accidents, so that all drivers and occupants can drive on a safe road?