Many people are concerned about how to eat after getting liver disease, which is more scientific and reasonable, which is conducive to the recovery of liver disease. It can be said that diet is very important for patients with liver disease.
Through the rational adjustment of various nutrients in the diet, the occurrence and development of liver disease can be prevented, the deterioration of the disease can be prevented, and the recovery of the disease can be prevented.
In general, the requirements for various nutrients in the daily diet of patients with liver disease are:
1. Calorie intake
According to the patient's standard weight and the nature of the work, it should not be too high, but not too low, so as not to increase the liver burden and maintain the standard weight.
People with liver disease can improve their clinical symptoms by consuming a high-calorie diet, but they should not consume foods that contain too many calories to avoid fatty liver disease and worsen the disease.
2. Protein supply
Protein is one of the most important nutrients in the human body, and patients with liver disease need slightly higher than normal people.
Adequate protein intake in patients with liver disease is conducive to the regeneration of liver cells and avoids the functional degradation of the liver.
The daily intake of protein by patients with general liver disease should account for 15% of the total heat energy ingested, especially more foods containing high-quality protein, such as animal protein, soy products, etc.
3. Fat should not be consumed excessively
Patients with liver disease are slower to digest, absorb and convert fat, and if too much fat-rich food is consumed, it is easy to lead to fatty liver.
Excessive intake of animal fats and cholesterol-rich foods such as fatty meats, animal offal, caviar, snails, fried foods, etc. should be avoided. Oils try to choose vegetable oils, because of their beneficial bile effects, and can reduce blood cholesterol.
4. Ensure the supply of vitamins
Patients with liver disease should consume more vitamin-rich foods and, if necessary, take multiple vitamin preparations orally.
Vitamin B1, vitamin B2, niacin and other B vitamins and vitamin C are not only conducive to the normal metabolism of the human liver and the repair of the liver, but also to reduce the toxic effect of harmful substances on the liver and the fatigue and indigestion caused by impaired liver function.
5. Take plenty of fluids
Patients with liver disease should drink more juice, rice soup, honey water and watermelon juice in normal times to accelerate the excretion of poisons in the body and ensure that the liver can carry out normal metabolism.
So what are the differences between different liver disease patients?
(1) Acute hepatitis patients
Such patients have obvious gastrointestinal symptoms, should be high-protein, low-fat semi-liquid, liquid diet- mainly, choose easily digestible foods, so as not to increase the burden on the digestive tract, pay attention to maintain water and electrolyte balance.
Eat small and frequent meals to reduce the burden on the liver.
Choose animal proteins such as eggs, lean meats, dairy products, etc.
It is forbidden to fry and irritate foods, and not to eat foods contaminated with Aspergillus flavus, such as peanuts, corn, as well as rice, wheat, beans, nuts, meat, dried foods and fermented foods, such as tempeh, soy sauce, etc., to avoid aggravating liver cell damage.
When oral feeding is not possible or energy requirements cannot be achieved through oral feeding, nutritional metabolism can be regulated with enteral nutrition preparations specific to liver disease.
(2) Patients with chronic hepatitis
The chronic hepatitis diet is soft and easy to digest, avoiding high fat, fatty, spicy stimulation is appropriate. The basic requirements of nutrients are high-calorie, high-protein, high-vitamin, low-fat, easy-to-digest food.
Carbohydrate staple foods should not be too much, protein should be fully supplemented, vitamins, especially water-soluble vitamins, mainly from fresh vegetables, fruits, should be sufficient to meet the liver to play detoxification, synthesis, metabolism, immune regulation and other aspects of the needs.
Fat should not be too much, so as not to be obese or gain weight too quickly.
Protein to meat, eggs, milk, yogurt, soy products is appropriate, should be boiled, steamed or made into meatballs, meat fillings and other light categories are better, avoid diced meat, meat slices, meat pieces, braised, fried, salted, smoked, barbecue and other cooking methods.
Diet should not be too full, eat less snacks and supper, pay attention to appropriate exercise after dinner.
(3) Patients with cirrhosis of the liver
Consume more high-quality protein. When the liver is cirrhosis, the liver cannot synthesize protein well, and it is necessary to arrange the intake of protein reasonably. You can choose protein foods from a variety of sources: chicken, fish, lean meat, eggs, etc., and have a reasonable and appropriate amount of protein diet every day.
At the end of cirrhosis, protein intake should be restricted to avoid hepatic encephalopathy due to excessive toxin production.
Patients with varicose veins in the esophagus or gastric base should avoid eating foods that are not easy to digest such as raw, crude fiber, fried and spicy, and should not be too quick to eat.
Keep the stool unobstructed, should not be too hard, etc., to prevent varicose vein rupture and bleeding.
(4) Liver cancer patients
Liver cancer patients consume a lot of money and must ensure adequate nutrition.
Eat more low-fat and high-quality protein-rich foods, high-fat diets will affect and aggravate the disease, and low-fat diets can alleviate liver cancer patients nausea, vomiting, bloating and other symptoms.
Liver cancer patients should eat more protein-rich foods, especially high-quality proteins, such as lean meat, eggs, beans, milk, etc., to prevent the reduction of albumin.
However, in the advanced stage of liver cancer, when the liver function is not good, it is necessary to control the intake of protein, so as not to eat too much protein to induce hepatic encephalopathy, eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, and supplement vitamins with anti-tumor effects in an appropriate amount. Eat more foods containing trace elements, balance your diet, and maintain your weight.
(5) Patients with fatty liver
Appropriate amount of protein. Proteins have a protective effect on liver cells and can promote the recovery and regeneration of liver cells that have already been damaged. Fatty liver patients should eat foods that are high in protein.
Eat a light diet and do not oversourte. Avoid excessive intake of high-calorie foods, because it is easy to cause the body's calorie surplus and converted into fatty liver stored under the skin and liver, thereby aggravating the condition of fatty liver.
Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits to meet the body's vitamin needs.