Many drugs can reach the fetus through the placenta, affecting the growth and development of the fetus.
For example, aminoglycosides can damage the fetal auditory nerve; tetracycline drugs can cause fetal bone and tooth development to be impaired, and a variety of birth defects occur; sulfonamides and trimethoprim are folic acid synthesis inhibitors, which can cause infant birth defects; benzodiazepines (diazepam, etc.) may damage the neurodevelopment of the fetus and increase the incidence of cleft lip or palate; long-term exposure to anesthetic enflurane can also lead to fetal stunted growth.
Pregnant women taking albastil can cause their daughters to develop reproductive tract malformations or vaginal adenocarcinoma in adulthood; hypoglycemic drugs (chlorosulprouria, toluene sulfonylbutin veins, etc.) can cause multiple malformations and neonatal hypoglycemia in the fetus; antihypertensive drugs, anesthetics, vasoactive drugs, and drugs that may cause hemoconcentration and blood viscosity increase (such as diuretics) can impair fetal blood oxygen exchange by reducing blood flow to the uterine placenta; phenytoin, ethanol, anticancer drugs (methotrexate, cytarabine, etc.), chlorpromazine, hormonal drugs (norethindrone, Cortisone, etc.), coumarin derivatives, etc. not only have teratogenic effects, but also can lead to infant stunted growth. Therefore, pregnant women should learn more about the impact of the drug on the fetus from the medical staff before taking any medicine, and prohibit drugs that may cause teratogenicity, birth defects and other drugs that affect the growth and development of the fetus.