A friend in his 40s, because he always had palpitations, went to the hospital to check the electrocardiogram, and the results found arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia, and then checked for hypertension, and the blood pressure value has reached 180/120mmHg. The doctor frowned and told him that his physical condition was similar to that of a person in his 60s, and if he could find the problem in time through the physical examination earlier and intervene as soon as possible, he could avoid making the body "prematurely aging".
Friends said that he heard that many physical examination institutions are for making money, going to the physical examination is the "IQ tax", spending money can not achieve the purpose of health examination, so he has been reluctant to go.
1. Annual physical examination is recommended for those over 40 years old
Hua zi advised friends that there are indeed some physical examination institutions that will launch various "physical examination packages" in order to make profits, and some projects have little significance for health care, but they are expensive. However, because of the fear of being "pitted" and resisting the health examination is not right, middle-aged people over 40 years old, once a year to carry out a physical examination is an important means to maintain health and prevent aging.
If you do not trust the physical examination institution, you can choose a large comprehensive public hospital for physical examination. Because public hospitals are non-profit institutions, the price is transparent and reasonable, and the doctors responsible for physical examinations have more clinical experience, the probability of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis is lower, and if problems are found, follow-up treatment is more convenient.
Second, the items that need to be inspected
1. Blood pressure: Hypertension is the chronic disease with the largest number of patients and the main cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, so blood pressure is a mandatory item. It is important not to assume that blood pressure below 140/90mmHg means that you are safe.
When blood pressure exceeds 130/80mmHg, it is a normal high value, which means that the risk of disease is increased. It is necessary to pay more attention to smoking cessation, alcohol cessation, salt restriction, weight loss, more exercise, and maintain a stable mood to control that blood pressure will not rise further.
It is recommended that people who find high blood pressure should also self-test at home, if there is a trend of increase in blood pressure, we must actively intervene to avoid the occurrence of hypertension.
2, blood sugar: modern people eat too much, move too little, the incidence of diabetes is also increasing year by year. Diabetes is regarded by the medical community as an "equal critical disease" of coronary heart disease, which will also cause serious damage to the kidneys, so blood glucose is also a mandatory item.
It should be noted that blood glucose can not only check fasting blood glucose, but also check postprandial blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin to accurately screen for early diabetes.
Normal fasting blood glucose should be below 6.1 mmo/L, the peak blood glucose after a meal should not exceed 11.1 mmol/L, and glycosylated hemoglobin should be less than 6.5%.
3. Blood lipids: the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in blood lipids is the main raw material for atherosclerotic plaques, and LDL-C is a relatively insidious indicator, even if it is elevated, it will not show obvious symptoms. Only by blood testing can we know if LDL-C is elevated.
People without "three high" chronic diseases, LDL-C needs to be controlled below 3.37mmol/L; people with chronic diseases, LDL-C needs to be controlled below 2.6mmol/L; people who have had myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, coronary heart disease and other diseases, LDL-C needs to be controlled below 1.8mmol/L.
Third, pay attention to oral and eye examinations
Normal health examinations will include examinations of important organs such as heart, lungs, stomach, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder, but many people will ignore oral and ophthalmic examinations. After the age of 40, we should pay attention to oral examination, check the gums and teeth, if there is gum stones, remove them in time to prevent tooth loss.
In addition to checking vision, the retinal arteries in the fundus are examined. In particular, people with hypertension and diabetes can assess the condition of the systemic arteries by examining the degree of hardening of the retinal arteries.
Fourth, pay attention to the screening of common cancers
After the age of 40, beware of cancer, and people at risk of cancer should be screened during physical examinations. For example, people who smoke frequently should do low-dose spiral CT to screen for lung cancer; people with hepatitis B and long-term alcoholism should do abdominal CT to screen for liver cancer and gallbladder cancer; if there are digestive tract symptoms, it is recommended to do gastroscopy and colonoscopy to screen for digestive tract tumors.
Men need to be screened for prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigens (PSAs); women need to be screened for breast cancer with a molybdenum X-ray and cervical scrapers to screen for cervical cancer. If you have a family history of cancer, also take care to screen for other cancers.
To sum up, middle-aged people over 40 years old, the body will begin to go downhill", it is best to do a health examination once a year, find problems in time to deal with, to avoid aging due to diseases in advance. During the physical examination, the main attention is paid to the "three highs" and the screening of cancer. It is recommended to see a doctor before the physical examination, and the doctor will formulate a more targeted examination item according to the specific situation, and spend the money on the "blade" of the physical examination. I am a pharmacist Huazi, welcome to follow me and share more health knowledge.