April 15---- April 21, 2022 is the 28th National Cancer Prevention and Control Awareness Week.
And this year's theme is "Cancer Prevention, Early Action".
You know, cancer has become the second leading cause of cancer in Chinese, with more than 1.6 million people diagnosed with cancer and 1.2 million people dying from cancer every year in China.
In particular, with the entry of the continent's aging society, the incidence of cancer has been increasing, and the occurrence of many of these cancers is related to age.
In particular, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer in men and women are on the rise, which is caused by the decline in human resistance in the process of aging.
Because of this, many health checkups will set up relevant cancer screening, which can help to better detect some early cancers or precancerous lesions in a better and timely manner.
Why does the incidence of cancer rise over the age of 40?
1. Decreased physical function
The human body is like a large machine, with the increase of age, organ function will decline, if the usual body does not exercise, the speed of decline in body function will be faster, immunity will also be affected, so that the body suffers from diseases.
2. Mental stress
When people reach the age of 40, they are in the stage of old age and small age, and at this time they are facing the pressure of life, family and work, and the pressure on the mental system is very high.
If it cannot be eliminated, it will have an effect on the endocrine of the body, thereby increasing the probability of cancer.
What precancerous screening is suitable for middle-aged and elderly people over 40 years old?
First, lung cancer
Lung cancer ranks first in the country, and early diagnosis requires a combination of clinical symptoms, signs, pathology and imaging.
In particular, high-risk people who smoke more than 20 cigarettes a day for more than 20 years should have a low-dose spiral CT examination once a year to determine whether there is a shadow in the lungs.
If there are shadows, a histopathological examination is also done to understand the disease, and only the earlier the disease is detected, better treatment results can be ensured.
Second, colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer tends to occur in people between the ages of 40 and 50, and the lesion is generally located at the junction of the rectum and sigmoid colon.
Early judgment requires colonoscopy, and once the disease is detected early, further examination and treatment is required. If colon cancer can be detected early, the 5-year survival rate can be improved to more than 90%.
Therefore, for people over 50 years old, both men and women, it is recommended to do a good job of relevant bowel cancer screening, such as a fecal occult blood test every year and a colonoscopy every 10 years.
Third, stomach cancer
Gastric precancerous manifestations include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, sudden weight loss, loss of appetite, stomach upset, pain, and discharge of shiny, shiny tarry stools.
At this time, it is recommended to go to the gastroenterology department as soon as possible, such as gastroscopy to determine whether there is stomach cancer, and after determining the disease, it can be improved through surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted drugs, physics, traditional Chinese medicine, etc.
Fourth, breast cancer
Breast cancer is now the world's largest cancer, but although it is the most common cancer, the case fatality rate of breast cancer is decreasing year by year.
The reason for this is that breast cancer is a cancer with relatively good treatment effects.
Therefore, for women over 40 years of age, it is recommended to perform a mammography target once a year, and for high-risk women, regardless of age, it is recommended to perform a 1-day breast magnetic resonance every year.
Of course, you can also conduct a daily self-examination to observe the appearance of your own breasts, such as whether there are abnormal discharges in the nipples, whether the size and shape of the breasts have changed abnormally, and whether the skin of the breasts has changed abnormally.
However, this test is not a good way to detect breast cancer early, so even if abnormalities are found, it is necessary to seek medical attention as soon as possible for further testing.
In addition to cancer screening in the strict sense, routine annual checkups can also help us detect some cancers early.
It should be noted that cancer screening only provides clues for early detection of cancer, and cannot be finally diagnosed as cancer.
Instead of relying too much on cancer screening in physical examinations, it is better to adjust your daily life style in time, develop good living habits, and reduce the risk of cancer.