April 15-21 is the 29th National Cancer Prevention and Control Awareness Week. Lei Haichao, deputy director of the National Health Commission, said that in recent years, the mainland's cancer prevention and treatment work has made steady progress and made great progress. The five-year survival rate of patients with malignant tumors increased from 30.9% ten years ago to 40.5%, and the prevention and treatment effect was obvious. It has built a tumor registration system covering the largest population in the world, and the national cancer registration project points have covered about 1.4 billion people.
In addition, Lei Haichao introduced that tumor screening and early diagnosis and treatment have provided related services for 180 million people; more and more anti-tumor drugs and new treatment technologies have entered the clinic and are gradually included in the payment scope of medical insurance; the quality control system for tumor diagnosis and treatment based on big data and the clinical application monitoring network of anti-tumor drugs are increasingly sound and perfect.
Cancer prevention and control, comprehensive action - the whole population, the whole cycle, the whole society
How do you understand the theme of this week?
Zhi Xiuyi, director of the Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Capital Medical University, said that this year is the 29th year of the National Cancer Prevention and Treatment Publicity Week, and the theme of "comprehensive action for cancer prevention and control" was finally determined after soliciting opinions from provincial and municipal anti-cancer associations and discussing with experts from various cancer centers.
First, we want to increase the prevention of chronic major diseases and cancer. There are many ways to prevent cancer, such as lung cancer, we should pay attention to the three haze and stay away from the five qi ("three haze" is outdoor haze, indoor haze and inner haze. "Five gases" refers to outdoor air pollution, tobacco smoke and smoke, kitchen oil smoke, volatile organic compound pollution of house decoration materials, and "psychological pollution" caused by long-term sulking), so as to effectively prevent lung cancer;
Second, for high-risk groups, we hope to achieve secondary prevention of diseases, encourage more people to pay attention to health checkups, and participate in early cancer screening projects. Whether it is minimally invasive surgery, molecularly targeted drugs or immunotherapy, it can bring clinical cure to more early-stage patients;
Third, it is hoped that medical workers can use existing medical diagnosis technologies, such as genetic testing and artificial intelligence technology, to achieve accurate diagnosis of cancer;
Fourth, there are imbalances in the economic development level, health resources and medical quality of various provinces, cities and regions in the mainland, and we hope that through publicity, more people can understand the treatment guidelines formulated by the National Health Commission and various societies, so that more treatments can be homogenized;
Fifth, we also hope to let more patients understand the treatment technology, progress and guidelines of the disease before hospitalization and treatment, especially the new technology and new drugs. More people care for and pay attention to the psychological conditions and psychological disorders of cancer patients, and do a good job in psychological and emotional management, intervention and treatment.
It is hoped that through such activities, comprehensive life care will be provided throughout the whole cycle of disease prevention, early diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation. It is also hoped that the whole society can correctly understand cancer, face cancer calmly, and treat cancer scientifically and standardly. This is also an extension of the connotation of this year's Cancer Prevention and Treatment Publicity Week "Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Comprehensive Action - All Population, Whole Cycle, Whole Society".
The core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment needs to be known to more people
In 2019, the State Council issued opinions on the implementation of the Healthy China Initiative, and the Cancer Prevention and Control Initiative is one of them. This action goal proposes that by 2030, the mainland public's awareness rate of core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment should reach 80%.
Zhi Xiuyi believes that at present, in the clinic, many cancer patients are not aware of cancer diagnosis techniques and treatment methods after diagnosis. For example, the wide opening of the chest and abdomen in traditional surgery will cause great trauma to the body, and it has now developed into a very mature minimally invasive surgical technique, but the people do not understand.
In addition, thirty or forty years ago, surgery plus chemotherapy was a relatively fixed combination. But now, especially in this decade, we have entered the era of targeted therapy, which not only changes our concept of traditional cancer treatment, but also updates the guidelines, norms and expert consensus formulated at the national level, so that more advanced patients can get better and longer-term survival and have a better quality of life. However, now the whole society, whether it is the patient himself or the patient's family, once diagnosed with cancer, panic still accounts for a considerable proportion.
Cancer has become the first cause of death for urban residents, if we do not strive to spread some common knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment, how can people improve the awareness rate of cancer? If someone has lung cancer, open the website, TV, radio and newspapers, they should be able to receive scientific cancer prevention and treatment information, not advertisements or home remedies.
Therefore, government authorities, medical workers, the media and the whole community need to enhance scientific awareness and let more people know about current cancer prevention, treatment, treatment guidelines and drugs. The mainland public's awareness rate of 80% of the core knowledge of cancer prevention and treatment is still a long way to go to achieve our goal by 2030. While urban areas have made some progress towards this goal, rural and remote areas are still talking about cancer. We also hope to strengthen our work in this regard, and disseminate the scientific concept that cancer can be prevented, treated, guaranteed and controlled through book publishing, article publication, and new media matrix platform.
Why are the epidemics of tumors geographically characteristic?
Recently, the Chinese Journal of Oncology published a paper announcing the epidemic of cancer spectrum in various provinces in mainland China for the first time, and found that there are obvious differences in the structure of cancer spectrum in various places. The report analyzes the prevalence of major cancer spectrum in each province – for example, lung cancer ranks first in all regions except Tibet Autonomous Region, Gansu Province and Qinghai Province. In addition, nasopharyngeal carcinoma ranked in the top 10 in Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Hainan Province, Jiangxi Province and Guizhou Province; Thyroid cancer ranked 7th in the country, but rose to 2nd in Tianjin, Zhejiang Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The number of cases of esophageal cancer in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangdong Province is relatively low, ranking about 15th.
Zhi Xiuyi said that this work began 50 years ago, but for various reasons it was not announced to the public, nor was it published in relevant magazines and newspapers. Now, with the goals of the Healthy China 2030 Plan, we hope to inform the people about the differences in common tumors in these provinces, such as Northeast China is the highest incidence of lung cancer in the mainland, Qidong is the high incidence of liver cancer in the mainland, Henan, Hebei and the Yellow River Basin of the Yangtze River are the high incidence areas of esophageal cancer in the mainland, and Guangdong is the high incidence of nasopharyngeal cancer.
The main reason for this difference is common environmental factors, such as the northeast has been a continental, heavy industry region for the past 50 years, whether it is oil, cement, chemicals, coal or respiratory diseases, all affecting the region.
Henan, Hebei, Inner Mongolia and Shanxi, which have a high incidence of esophageal cancer, are also closely related to regional dietary structure and eating habits. For example, carcinogens found in kimchi in Henan that are significantly higher than in other regions. Therefore, familial and regional characteristics are obviously closely related to environmental pathogenic factors, occupational pathogenic factors, and related dietary habits and structures.
Now, with the release of these data, it is believed that all provinces and cities will do a good job of early diagnosis and treatment in their own regions, and strive to narrow the gap between provinces and cities through multidisciplinary modern treatment methods and new drugs.
Source: News Jianwai No. 14