About your baby's skin problems
Q1: When should my baby's umbilicus be disinfected? What kind of disinfectant should I use?
A: The sterilization of the baby's umbilical cord can be done from birth to about 1 month of age. Use medical 75% alcohol or iodine, be careful, change a bottle for a long time to prevent failure.
Q2: When bathing, can the umbilical cord touch the water? If not, how do you protect it?
A: Before the baby's umbilical cord falls off, the umbilical cord should try not to touch the water, and you can use the navel waterproof patch to protect it when bathing. When the baby's umbilical cord is off, after each bath and lifting from the water, the water in the umbilical cord should be sucked dry with a soft towel or cotton swab, kept dry, and disinfected.
Q3: When does your baby's umbilical cord usually fall off? Does it matter if it doesn't fall off for a long time?
A: Your baby's umbilical cord usually falls off on its own about 10 days after birth. But there are also babies whose umbilical cords take longer to fall off, as long as there is no bleeding, running water and other abnormal conditions do not have to worry. Usually pay attention to umbilical care, and pay attention to keeping the umbilical cord dry.
Q4: What are the symptoms of umbilitis in newborns? Can I handle it at home?
A: Early manifestations of umbilitis are a small amount of mucus or purulent discharge in the umbilicus, redness and swelling around the umbilicus, and severe abscesses, cellulitis, and even sepsis. If your baby suffers from umbilitis, do not deal with it yourself at home, and need to seek medical attention in time.
Q5: What kind of baby is susceptible to umbilical hernia?
A: Babies are prone to umbilical hernia when they cry too much, cough, diarrhea, and constipation, because these conditions will promote an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, resulting in abdominal viscera, especially the small intestine, along with the peritoneum and abdominal wall skin, gradually protruding outward from the umbilicus to form an umbilical hernia. Baby girls are slightly more likely to develop umbilical hernias than baby boys.
Q6: Can my baby's umbilical hernia be pushed back with a hard object?
A: No. In fact, most of the baby's umbilical hernia will heal itself within 1 year of age, and parents do not have to worry too much. In addition, the baby's umbilical hernia, pay special attention to wearing, prepare cotton underwear for the baby, to avoid the friction between the clothes and the navel, and scratch the umbilical skin.
Q7: Why does a newborn baby molt? Can I take a bath after molting?
A: After the newborn baby leaves the environment filled with amniotic fluid in the womb, the external environment is relatively dry, and the metabolism is faster, and the stratum corneum of the epidermis is easily turned into dead skin and shedding under the impetus of new skin cells. This is a process of adaptation of the newborn baby to the environment. You can still take a bath after molting, but after washing, apply baby oil to your baby and pay attention to the moisturization of the skin.
Q8: What kind of ointment can be used for babies with eczema?
A: The baby has eczema, parents should not use drugs without authorization, it is best to follow the doctor's advice, so as not to cause skin allergies. However, eczema is a common disease in babies within the age of one year, and usually with age, the immune system is perfected and will improve on its own. When the baby suffers from eczema, avoid eating seafood foods, wear pure cotton, soft clothing, and be careful not to cover too hot.
Q9: Baby red butt, what to do?
A: The baby's red ass, the most important thing is to change the diaper frequently and keep it dry. Especially after the baby has a bowel movement, it is necessary to clean the small ass in time and apply the buttocks cream. When the red ass is serious, you can let the little fart dry in the air for a little more drying every day and bask in the sun.
Q10: Do newborns need skin care products?
A: In the winter, the weather is dry, and you need to use moisturizer for your baby, but when you buy it, you need to use it for your baby. Do not smear breast milk on your baby's face, it will only breed bacteria, which is not healthy.
Q11:How to remove the head scale?
A: After the baby has head scale, you can wash it off by washing your hair. Before shampooing, massage the hair with baby-specific massage oil for a few minutes, and then wash it with baby shampoo. The technique should be light, and if you can't wash it off at one time, you can divide it into several times to prevent catching a cold.
Q12: If a yellow scab appears on your baby's eyebrows, should I remove it?
A: The baby has a yellow scab on the eyebrow, which is a manifestation of eczema. Do not forcibly remove, you can apply some baby oil or baby-specific nourishing glycerin, and when the scab is moistened, it will naturally fall off after slowly softening.
About the baby's sleep problems
A: Each baby's sleep time is different, roughly 1 month of newborn babies need to sleep 20 to 22 hours a day, 2 months old babies are 18 to 20 hours, 3 months old is 16 to 18 hours. Don't care whether the baby sleeps enough for this time, the baby will naturally sleep when he is sleepy. As long as you wake up in good mental condition and have a good appetite, it is the best witness to adequate sleep.
Q14: When the baby sleeps, does the family need to be light-handed?
A: In fact, most of the baby's sleep habits are cultivated by the family. Therefore, when the baby sleeps, the family does not have to deliberately pursue the quietness of the environment, and the baby should have the ability to adapt to the environment. If the baby sleeps well in a particularly quiet environment from a young age, it is easy to be awakened by a little noise, which is not conducive to sleep.
Q15: How to get your baby into the habit of sleeping without coaxing from the beginning?
A: From the time your baby is born, don't use the "coaxing" method to put him to sleep. You can use a fixed bedtime routine to get him used to, such as taking a hot shower before going to bed, then doing a massage and touch, then changing into clean underwear, covering him with a quilt, and gently humming for him. Let the baby be familiar with such a set of procedures from birth, and over time will form a habit.
Q16: How should the baby adjust the day and night upside down?
A: In this case, the mother can play with the baby more during the day, such as listening to music, taking the baby out for a walk, etc., and let the baby exercise more during the day, such as lying on the stomach. At night, before going to bed, give your baby a hot bath, massage and massage, and tell him that he is going to sleep. After a period of time, the baby's sleep habits can be adjusted back. Of course, it is not that the baby sleeps less during the day, and can sleep well at night, which must ensure the quality of the baby's daytime nap.
Q17: Does it matter if the newborn baby makes strange noises when sleeping?
A: When the newborn baby sleeps, not only will it make some strange sounds, but also make various expressions, frowning for a while, laughing for a while. This is all because the newborn baby's nervous system is not yet perfect, and when it grows up, these phenomena will gradually disappear.
Q18: If your baby sleeps during the day, do you want to close the curtains?
A: It is best not to close all the curtains when the newborn baby sleeps during the day to cultivate his awareness of the day. When the baby can distinguish between day and night when he is older, and the sleep situation at night is also better, it does not matter if he closes the curtains during the day.
Q19: Does your baby wake up frequently at night because he is hungry? Do you have to feed every night when you wake up?
A: There are many reasons why the baby wakes up frequently at night, it may be hungry, cold, hot, or sleep badly during the day, day and night are reversed, the mother should learn to understand the baby's crying, find the right reason, and meet the baby's needs in time. If it is really because you are hungry that you wake up frequently at night, you must consider whether you are not eating enough each time.
Questions about the winter baby's clothing
Q20: How much clothing should I wear indoors for my baby in winter?
A: The key to how much clothes the baby wears indoors in winter depends on the room temperature. The temperature that makes the baby feel most comfortable is 24-26 ° C, and families with conditions can use heating to maintain this room temperature (but also pay attention to frequent ventilation, otherwise it will affect the quality of indoor air). Newborns wear the same or more pieces as adults, and babies who exercise more wear one less piece than adults.
Q21: How much clothing should my baby wear when sleeping in winter?
A: Usually a set of cotton underwear is enough, breathable and warm. If you are afraid of the baby kicking the quilt, you can add a sleeping bag - sleeping bag and small quilt is the best match for the baby to spend the winter in 100 days.
Q22: In winter, how should and how much should the baby wear when he goes out?
A: When the baby goes out, a small coat, a small hat, and a pair of small cotton shoes are a good match. In addition, it is best to wear a pair of long socks that can cover the outside of the pants, so that you are not afraid to expose his calves when holding the baby.
Questions about feeding your baby
Q23: When mixed feeding, can I drink formula immediately after breastfeeding?
A: Don't. It is best to feed only one milk at a time, because mixed feeding can easily cause indigestion in your baby. More importantly, the mixture of the two types of milk will destroy the original reasonable ratio.
Q24: Do babies who are exclusively breastfed need extra hydration?
A: In principle, babies who are exclusively breastfed for 6 months do not need to drink additional water. However, if the weather is particularly hot, the baby sweats a lot, just after the bath or there is a fire, you can appropriately add some extra water to the baby.
Q25: When do I need to start vitamin D and calcium supplementation?
A: The baby's daily milk amount can be guaranteed to be more than 600ml, and there is no need for additional calcium supplementation. But vitamin D is usually started 15 days after birth. If your baby's daily milk intake is less than 600ml, you can supplement some soluble organic calcium agents under the guidance of a doctor.
Q26: Is vitamin D eaten before or after a meal? Can I eat other foods right after eating?
A: Vitamin D is generally eaten half an hour after a meal. After eating, you need to eat other foods every half an hour to 1 hour. It is worth mentioning that if the sun is sufficient (for example, more than 1 to 2 hours of sun per day), the baby can get the sun, and vitamin D does not have to be eaten every day (sunshine helps promote the synthesis of vitamin D, and 400 international units of vitamin D per day is enough).
Q27: Can a 3-month-old baby drink juice and vegetable soup?
A: Whether it is exclusively breastfed babies or artificial feeding or mixed feeding, it is not recommended to add complementary foods to babies aged 3 months. It is generally recommended that the baby add complementary foods after six months, and the complementary foods begin to add iron-containing rice flour, and then slowly add vegetable puree, fruit puree, and meat puree, and the baby should not eat juice and vegetable soup. Salt is not recommended for one year of age. Since the baby's digestive system development is not very perfect, the addition of new complementary foods should be adapted to one or two days, so as not to cause the baby's gastrointestinal discomfort.
Q28: Should my baby be fed on demand or on time?
A: Exclusively breastfed babies are fed on demand, and artificially fed babies are recommended to feed on time. But some babies must suck on their mother's nipples before going to bed to fall asleep, at this time the baby is not really hungry, but just want to satisfy the "sucking desire".
Q29: How can I avoid nipple confusion in my baby?
A: To avoid nipple confusion in the baby, special attention should be paid to when in the confinement, even if the mother has to temporarily use artificial feeding because of less breast milk or ruptured nipples, etc., it is also necessary to insist on not using a bottle within the baby's 1 month of age, you can use a spoon or a feeding cup.
Q30: Why does the baby burp? Does it matter if you burp?
A: Because the diaphragm is not fully grown, the baby will burp when it suddenly contracts vigorously, which is a common phenomenon for babies within 3 months of age, and there is no need to worry too much. Try flicking the palm of your baby's foot, feeding your baby some water or breast milk to cope with hiccups. As your baby grows older, frequent hiccups will decrease until they disappear.
Q31: How to prevent your baby from spitting up?
A: Due to the characteristics of the stomach physiology, the baby is easy to spit up, so after each feeding, be sure to hold the baby vertically and pat his back with a hollow palm until the "burp" is played. Moreover, after the baby burps, it is necessary to insist on holding it vertically for another 15 to 20 minutes to prevent the milk from flowing back into the stomach. Newborns can be held upright, but be sure to hold the baby's head and back.
Q32: What can I do to get a breastfed baby to receive a bottle?
A: You can first let the baby touch the bottle when playing, which increases his familiarity with the bottle; Then you can pour some breast milk in the bottle for him to drink; The final step is to pour some formula into the bottle. If your baby is crying and not drinking, check if the pacifier is too hard and try replacing it with a different one. To get your baby to accept the bottle, the most important point is to insist. If your baby is soft when he cries, he will never be able to get his baby to accept the bottle!
About your baby's facial features and facial problems
Q33: Newborn babies always have white tongues, can they wipe themselves?
A: The baby's tongue white can not be forcibly removed, you need to give the baby to drink some water, especially after each feeding, feeding one or two spoonfuls of water can play a role in cleaning the mouth. If the baby cries as soon as he drinks milk, it is likely to be thrush, can not be used without authorization, can not forcibly remove white spots, need to follow the doctor's advice.
Q34: Does the baby have eye that must be on fire?
A: It may be on fire, or it may be a blocked nasolacrimal tube (when the baby does not cry, it is always full of tears and has a lot of eye droppings). In addition to giving the baby more water, breastfeeding mothers should also pay attention to their own diet, mainly light, avoid too greasy. If the nasolacrimal duct is blocked, parents can help the baby to do a massage: use the thumb or index finger to compress the tear sac, that is, press on the base of the baby's nose and the center of the canthus of the eye, and squeeze in the direction of the eye. If the baby's nasolacrimal tube is still not open after the age of one year, you can go to the hospital for exploration.
Q35: What is the problem of nasal congestion in babies? Cold or foreign body in the nose? How to differentiate, how to deal with it?
A: Baby nasal congestion, first consider whether it is caused by nasal feces, there is nasal feces can be cleaned with baby-specific cotton swabs, you can also use warm water to soak the corner of the wipes, put into the baby's small nose and gently rotate. If the baby has nasal discharge when the nose is congested, and the spirit and appetite are not good, it is likely to be a cold, and the baby of 0-3 months will be treated immediately. More than 3 months old need to give your baby more water to drink, and when the symptoms are severe (such as long-term incurable, or even fever symptoms) need to seek medical attention.
Q36: What are the secretions in your baby's ears? Do you want to clean frequently?
A: The secretions flowing out of the baby's ears may be ear droppings, or it may be the residue of amniotic fluid brought out of the mother's body. Every day, you can use a special cotton swab for babies to help clean the lower outer pinna (be careful not to go deep, so as not to hurt the ear canal). If after a period of cleaning, there is still a relatively moist secretion in the ear pinna, and the baby is often mentally and has a poor appetite, it is likely to suffer from otitis media and need to seek medical treatment in time.
Questions about your baby's poop
Q37: How many times a day does a healthy baby usually pull?
A: Breastfed newborn babies have stools 4 to 6 times a day, up to 7 to 10 times a day; Artificial feeding of newborn babies 1 to 3 times a day, more than 5 to 6 times. As your baby grows older, the number of bowel movements per day will gradually decrease. Around the age of 3 months, breastfed babies are given 1 to 3 times a day, artificially fed 1 to 2 times, and sometimes once every other day.
Q38: Can my baby use Kaiser for constipation?
A: Occasional use is OK, but follow the doctor's advice, do not use it often, so as not to form dependence. Baby constipation, or pay attention to diet. Breastfeeding mothers should drink more water and not eat spicy and irritating foods. Babies should also drink more water appropriately. Moreover, usually the mother can also massage the baby's abdomen clockwise as the center of the baby's navel to promote intestinal peristalsis. Let the baby exercise more, and the baby who will not turn over will lie down more.
Q39: Breastfeeding babies, stool is very thin, is it diarrhea?
A: No, it's not. It is common for breastfed babies to have thin stools, so don't worry too much. However, if the baby's spirit and appetite are not good, the stool has a peculiar smell, and the number of times is more than usual, it may be diarrhea, and it is necessary to take the baby to the doctor as soon as possible.
Q40: What are the characteristics of a healthy baby's poop?
A: Breast milk babies have thin stools, yellow, and occasionally green, mixed with milk flaps. Artificially fed babies have a drier texture of stool than breastfed babies and are similar in color to breast-milk babies. As your baby grows older, the texture of the stool slowly dries out.
Q41: Is the baby pulling green poop because it is not digested?
A: No, it's because bilirubin is oxidized. After the stool is stained with bilirubin, it turns yellow, and when it encounters oxygen in the air, it will be oxidized to biliquilloid. In addition, some formulas have a high iron content, which turns dark green after contact with the air through the digestive tract, so that the baby's stool is discharged green.
Questions about your baby's behavior
Q42: Does the baby have to stop eating fingers?
A: No, babies explore the world through their hands and mouth. The baby eating his fingers shows that he has noticed his small hands, which is a major development of hand-eye coordination. But the mother must pay attention to keeping the baby's small hands clean.
Q43: When is it appropriate to give your baby head-up training?
A: After the baby is full moon, you can start consciously carrying out head-up training, but because the curvature of the baby's neck has not yet formed, the exercise time should not be too long. Start exercising for a few seconds at a time, and then slowly extend the time.
Q44: Your baby's little hands always scratch your face, do you want to wear gloves for your baby?
A: No, wearing gloves will hinder the development of the baby's hand-eye coordination ability and will also hinder the development of touch. Baby nails in the confinement are soft and grow fast, and nail clippings should be cut frequently during the month, and baby-specific nail clippers can be used. To prevent your baby from hurting your little hand by moving around, you can choose to cut your nails while your baby is asleep.
Other questions about your baby
Q45: How old is the baby to hold?
A: Newborns can be held upright, and must protect the baby's head and spine. You can let the baby lie on the adult's chest, and pay attention to the baby's mouth and nose not to block.
Q46: When does baby jaundice fade? How can jaundice completely fade?
A: Almost every baby will produce physiological jaundice after birth, generally reaching a peak period of about 7 to 10 days after birth, and then gradually improving. Term about 2 weeks, premature babies about 3 weeks jaundice can fade, generally can refer to the baby's corner of the eye skin, if there is no yellow trace, can be regarded as jaundice faded.
Q47: How old is your baby to be in the sun?
A: After the baby is full moon, you can bask in the sun outdoors for a while every day, and gradually extend the time from 5 to 6 minutes. It should be noted that when basking in the sun, do not let the sunlight shine directly into your baby's eyes.
Q48: Is a full moon haircut necessary?
A: There is no need. Full moon babies have very delicate scalps that need the protection of their hair. The older generation's statement that "shave your head on the full moon will make your hair darker and denser in the future" actually has no scientific basis. But if the baby's head scale is very thick, it is recommended that the mother can give him a haircut within the baby's 3 months of age, but it is not recommended to strip the head, it is best to leave about 5mm of hair at the root of the hair to protect the scalp.
Q49: Why does my baby lose weight within 10 days of birth?
A: When the baby is just born, due to the evaporation of a lot of water from the skin, the fetal stool is constantly excreted, and the mother's milk secretion is not enough at first, so the weight will be reduced. However, the amount of breast milk will increase after it rises.
Q50: What is the problem with bruises on your baby's buttocks?
A: The green spots on the baby's buttocks are medically called Mongolian spots, which belong to a congenital dermal melanocytosis. The incidence of Mongolian spots in newborns is as high as about 80%, and Mongolian spots are mainly grown in the baby's buttocks, back and arms. Parents do not have to worry and nervous too much, as the child continues to grow and develop, the Mongolian spots will gradually fade.
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