In summer, without sun protection, it becomes a "chocolate princess" in seconds.
Of course, sun protection is not only for beauty, but more importantly, to protect the skin from damage.
Raising children does not prevent aging, and sun protection can prevent aging.
In fact, everyone is considered "thick skin", our skin is not a thin layer, but composed of epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue, but ultraviolet rays can still easily penetrate in, making our skin dark and old!
First understand the powerful "enemy" ultraviolet rays: it is divided into UVA, UVB, UVC according to wavelength, of which UVA and UVB are the culprits of darkening, injury and aging of our skin!
UVA penetration is very good, it is not affected by the weather, but also penetrates the glass directly to the dermis layer to engage in crazy destruction, let melanin deposition, destroy the skin's moisturizing function, so that the elastic fibers in the dermis layer are damaged, resulting in wrinkles [1], that is, it makes you dark, wrinkles, and pulls the first place in the hate index.
UVB penetration is insufficient, mainly damaging the epidermis layer, but the energy is very strong, will sunburn and redden the skin in a short time, making the skin swollen and painful.
They are all troublemakers who persecute the skin, and none of them are easy to mess with.
Under the critical blow of the UVA and UVB brothers' long-term combination punch, sunspots, melasma, and age spots will appear.
The yellow-brown spots and patches that appear in the early stage of everyone's skin, generally called sunspots, are protruding from the skin in the later stage, and the surface is rough, which is age spots; In extreme cases, such as plateaus, snowy mountains, islands and other places, long-term sun exposure may also cause skin tumors, common precancerous symptoms are actinic keratosis, reddish-brown patches on the skin, serious will lead to skin basal cell carcinoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, these two cancers generally appear skin ulcer symptoms, then surgical resection is required [2].
Sun protection must be taken seriously, regardless of gender, young and old.
First, choose the right one according to your own skin characteristics
Sunscreen is mainly divided into 3 types: physical sunscreen, chemical sunscreen, and biological sunscreen.
Both physical and chemical sunscreen act on the surface of the skin to prevent sunlight from touching the skin; Bio-sunscreen strengthens the skin's ability to resist the sun through antioxidants, so that the skin can face the sun without damage.
1. Physical sunscreen: contains sunscreen molecules, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, these molecules will stay on the surface of the skin, form a protective film, by reflection or scattering to isolate ultraviolet rays.
The advantage of physical sunscreen is that it has little effect on skin irritation, especially suitable for infants and sensitive skin, but the texture is generally sticky, thick and white, not suitable for oily skin.
2. Chemical sunscreen: the main ingredients are: benzophenone, ethyl salicylate, humosyl ester, cioxaxate ester, etc., these chemical agents and molecules will work closely with the skin to eat ultraviolet rays before they cause damage to the skin. Simply put, this is sun protection by "absorbing" ultraviolet rays.
Sunscreen with chemical sunscreen, light texture, non-sticky, but friends with sensitive skin are best not to use. This sunscreen also fails quickly because its chemical factors engulf ultraviolet rays, and it needs to be applied frequently.
3. Bio-sunscreen: The main ingredients are vitamin C, vitamin E, niacinamide, β-carotene and plant extracts, which do not target sunlight, but strengthen our skin's ability to resist the sun by containing antioxidants.
Second, what does the sun protection index mean?
1. SPF: This is against UVB in ultraviolet rays, which means how many times it can improve the skin's tolerance to UVB.
For example, if the average person does not wear sunscreen, the skin may turn red in 20 minutes, like a lobster.
After applying SPF30 sunscreen, the sun protection time is extended by 30 times, that is, the skin will not be reddened after 600 minutes of exposure. So the larger the SPF value, the stronger the sunscreen's ability to resist UVB, remember the following formula:
2.PA: This is against the strong UVA in ultraviolet rays, generally indicated by a + sign, followed by more + signs, indicating the stronger the ability to prevent tanning. Assuming that a person will turn black after one hour in the sun, after applying PA+ sunscreen, it will extend the sun protection time by 2~4 times, and it will become dark after 2~4 hours.
Third, the sun protection index is not the higher the better, it is important to choose the right one
The SPF value is a dynamic value, friction, sweating will make the SPF value decrease, need to be constantly reused, even add waterproof and sweatproof formula. The greater the resistance of sun protection, the more burden on our skin, so we still have to choose according to your daily situation:
1. It is enough for office commuting friends to choose sunscreen with SPF30 or so and PA for two +, and it takes 4~5 hours to reapply;
2. Friends who often travel and run business can choose SPF30~SPF50, PA is three + high-power sunscreen, and reapply it every 2~3 hours;
3. Police uncles, couriers, and food delivery friends who have been outdoors for a long time, choose SPF 50 or above, the focus is: apply once every 2 hours [3].
Apply 15 minutes before going out, repeat reapply according to the above different scenes, the amount of application is 2mg/cm2, and the face is generally enough with a sunscreen the size of a 1 cent coin.
The dosage of other exposed parts of the body varies according to the area, one arm is about two or three 1 cent coins in size, and the back is four to five 1 cent coins in size, but each person is different in height, short, fat and thin, and you can increase or decrease the amount according to your own situation.
When ultraviolet rays are strong, they are "soft and hard".
The highest UVA and UVB seasons are late spring and summer, and the highest period is from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. At this time, sunscreen is relatively "soft" compared to sunglasses, sunscreen clothing, umbrellas and other "hard goods", babies can apply sunscreen on the basis of hard sunscreen, "soft and hard" combined with ultraviolet protection.
Men should also protect themselves from the sun:
Many boys feel that wearing sunscreen, umbrellas and so on is too "motherly", but regardless of men and women, everyone is bathed in the same sun, there is no reason to ultraviolet rays only expose girls not boys, boys' skin is sunburned and tanned is the same as girls, so boys should also do a good job of sun protection measures ~