Zhang Tailei was originally from Wujin, Jiangsu Province, and was born in Changzhou in 1898. An outstanding proletarian revolutionary, one of the important leaders of the early Communist Party of China, was the main leader of the Guangzhou Uprising. On December 12, 1927, he was ambushed by the enemy during the Guangzhou Uprising and was shot and killed, becoming the first member of the Central Committee and the Politburo in the history of the CCP to die on the front line of the battle, at the age of 29.
Zhang Tailei
In the summer of 1918, Zhang Tailei returned to Changzhou to marry Lu Jinghua and had two daughters and a son: Zhang Xiping, Zhang Xilei, and Zhang Yiyang. Lu Jinghua is a native of Wujin, Jiangsu Province, born in 1898.
Zhang Tailei's second wife was Wang Yizhi, a native of Zhijiang County, Hunan Province, born in 1901. In 1925, Wang Yizhi went to Guangzhou to assist Zhang Tailei in his work, and soon the two married and had a son, Zhang Zhiming, also known as Zhang Zhichun.
The eldest daughter Zhang Xiping was born in 1919, the second daughter Zhang Xilei was born in 1921, and the youngest son Zhang Yiyang was born in 1923. When Zhang Tailei died, they were 8 years old, 6 years old and 4 years old. Organizationally, it was planned to take Lu Jinghua's family to the revolutionary base area, but Lu Jinghua was unable to make the trip because he had a mother-in-law and children at the bottom. She worked hard to support her mother-in-law and raise her children by helping people with needlework and paste matchboxes. When the children gradually reached the age of school, Lu Jinghua begged everywhere and tried every means to send the children to school.
Zhang Yiyang, Zhang Xiping, Zhang Xilei
By the time the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in 1937, Zhang Xiping had graduated from the provincial Suzhou Women's Normal School, Zhang Xilei was in the second grade of the Suzhou Women's Normal High School, and Zhang Yiyang had graduated from Changzhou Middle School Junior High School. Soon Lu Jinghua heard that there were Communist Party organizations in Shanghai, and decided to let the eldest daughter Zhang Xiping stay in Changzhou to find a career and help support the family. The second daughter, Zhang Xilei, went to Shanghai to participate in the anti-Japanese resistance. His son Zhang Yiyang went to work as an apprentice to reduce the burden on the family.
In the spring of 1938, Zhang Xilei came to Shanghai with her father's family letter, and after several twists and turns, finally found the underground party organization. Under the leadership of the party organization, he arrived at yunling town, Jing County, Anhui Province, where the New Fourth Army headquarters was located on September 23, 1938, and was assigned to study in the girls' team of the New Fourth Army Teaching Corps. At the end of the year, Zhang Xilei joined the Communist Party of China.
In the early spring of 1939, Zhang Xilei met Zhou Enlai at the military headquarters. Zhou Enlai inquired in detail about her family's situation and the experience of more than ten years, and then instructed Chen Yi to send someone to Changzhou to pick up the family here and then send them to Yan'an.
When the people sent by Chen Yi arrived in Changzhou, Lu Jinghua resigned from the organizational arrangement on the grounds that Zhang Tailei's mother was old and sick and unable to act, and that she and her eldest daughter Xiping had to stay in Changzhou to take care of them. Zhang Yiyang insisted that he follow Chen Yi to join the revolution.
Zhang Yiyang
Zhang Yiyang came to Yunling with his people and met the second sister, and he was immediately assigned to the boys' team of the teaching corps. He was only 16 years old and very weak, but whether it was military training or studying revolutionary theory, he was diligent and serious. By the time he graduated from the Teaching Corps, he had become a member of the Communist Party.
In January 1941, the Anhui Incident broke out, Zhang Yiyang's troops were ordered to cover the breakthrough of the military organs, and were captured in fierce battles and escorted to the Shangrao concentration camp. Under the inhuman torture of the concentration camp, Zhang Yiyang contracted a return to high fever. After the enemy learned that he was Zhang Tailei's son, he held a special medicine in one hand and held up the "Book of Repentance and Self-Renewal" in the other hand to lure him. He was awe-inspiring and unyielding, and was tortured to death at the age of 18.
When Zhang Xilei learned of her brother's sacrifice, she was devastated, and at the same time, she also increased her hatred for the Kuomintang reactionaries. In 1942, Zhang Xilei married Feng Bohua, chief of the reconnaissance section of the General Staff Office of the New Fourth Army.
Zhang Xilei and her husband Feng Bohua in 1949
The eldest daughter, Zhang Xiping, from 1939 to 1945, used to teach at Changzhou Midu Primary School, Xishang Street Primary School, and Juqian Street Primary School. When teaching at Xishangjie Primary School, the principal Xie Shunchen liked her very much and expressed his admiration for her many times. But he was 16 years older than Zhang Xiping, and Zhang Xiping was a little reluctant. However, Xie Shunchen's family was solid and loyal, and Lu Jinghua thought that he should find a rich in-law for his children, so he persuaded Zhang Xiping to agree to the marriage.
After liberation, Zhang Xiping taught at Changzhou No. 3 Middle School. In 1956, when the public-private partnership was in place, Zhang Xiping, in order to express his feelings for the party, took the initiative to mobilize her husband Xie Shunchen to hand over all the Enyuan pharmacies and real estate he opened, and in 1961 he gloriously joined the Communist Party of China. Xie Shunchen died of illness in 1957.
Zhang Xiping and Zhang Xilei's children gathered
After liberation, Zhang Xilei served as the principal of a girls' middle school in Nanjing (now Nanjing Zhonghua School) and later served as the head of the secondary education section of the Municipal Education Bureau. When the Ministry of Chemical Industry was established in 1956, she was transferred to Beijing with her husband Feng Bohua, and successively served as the director of the personnel department of the Chemical Design Institute, the vice president of the Organic Chemical Design Institute, and the deputy secretary of the Party Committee. Subsequently, she voluntarily gave up the status of senior cadres and went to Beijing Institute of Chemical Technology to study ordinary undergraduate degree in polymer majors in the Department of Organic Chemistry, when she was 36 years old. After 5 years, he graduated with an undergraduate diploma.
After graduation, she was appointed as the director and secretary of the Party Committee of the Beijing Synthetic Fiber Research Institute directly under the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and through the joint efforts of her colleagues, in a few years, the institute has grown from more than a dozen people to nearly 500 people, becoming a leading unit in the field of national synthetic fiber research.
At the beginning of the liberation, Zhang Xilei and her mother were in Changzhou
After the Cultural Revolution began, Zhang Xiping was regarded as the "wife of a capitalist" and was repeatedly criticized and persecuted with his mother, Lu Jinghua. On the night of June 23, 1968, Zhang Xiping's third and fourth daughters had just returned from rural support, and after arranging for her two daughters to sleep, she put a wallet and a letter on the stool in front of the bed, and then hanged herself in the backyard with her desperate mother, Lu Jinghua, who was only 48 years old at the time and Lu Jinghua was 71 years old.
Zhang Xilei was also persecuted on charges of "false accusations" in the early days of the Cultural Revolution, and was knocked down and sidelined. In 1969, she was "liberated" and was ordered to lead the whole institute of synthetic fiber research institutes to carry out "three-line construction" in Yueyang, Hunan Province, responsible for the design and development of ten major projects such as petroleum refinery gas and aromatic raw materials, and the production of "three fibers, two fats and three rubbers".
Zhang Xilei
In 1972, in order to ensure the needs of the border defense struggle against India, the central government decided to lay an oil pipeline from Golmud in Qinghai to Lhasa. Zhang Xilei was appointed as the general person in charge of the engineering design, and despite being 50 years old and suffering from coronary heart disease, she personally led a team to the first line of the plateau to investigate, study and review the design plan, and contributed her own strength to national defense construction.
Since then, Zhang Xilei has successively served as the deputy director of the Science and Technology Bureau of the Ministry of Chemical Industry and the vice president of the General Institute of Chemical Science and Technology, and the achievements of the scientific research group she led have been commended by the central government for many times. After retiring from the frontline work in 1980, he served as a member of the Sixth, Seventh and Eighth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
After the unfortunate death of her mother and sister Zhang Xiping, Zhang Xilei wrote to Premier Zhou to reflect the situation to the organization, so that the affairs of the two could be taken care of, and finally rehabilitated in 1978. She did her best to care for and take care of her sister's 5 children, and gave motherly care to her half-brother Zhang Zhiming, who was alone.
The first on the left is Zhang Zhiming
Zhang Tailei's second son, Zhang Zhiming, was born in Shanghai in 1927 by his mother, who took him between Beiping and Xiangtan, Hunan. At the beginning of 1939, Zhang Zhiming was sent to the Soviet Union by the party organization, entered the Monino International Children's Hospital of the Communist International, and in 1940 transferred to the Ivanovo International Children's Hospital, where he became a Soviet citizen. After graduating from high school in 1945, he was admitted to the Moscow Iron and Steel Institute, and at the end of 1947 he entered Moscow State University to study atomic energy. After graduating in December 1952, he was admitted to graduate school and was assigned to work at a military science institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
After the founding of New China, Zhang Zhiming repeatedly applied to leave his Soviet citizenship, but the Soviet side resolutely disagreed and put pressure on his spirit, resulting in his mental damage and being sent to a mental hospital. After Sino-Soviet relations deteriorated, Zhang Zhiming was banned from his favorite military research, and his old illness recurred, and he was once again sent to a mental hospital.
In 1965, Zhang Zhiming was taken back to China and entered the 15th Research Institute of the Fourth Ministry of Machinery Industry. Unexpectedly, during the "Cultural Revolution," he was again shocked, beaten into a Soviet spy, mentally ill again, and abandoned in the suburban civil health shelter.
After smashing the "Gang of Four", Zhang Zhiming was taken out of the mental institution and properly placed, and has been hospitalized for a long time since then, receiving meticulous care from her sister Zhang Xilei and her family.
The front right feng haiqing, the back right second Feng Hailong
Zhang Zhiming looked exactly like his father, and once had a lover during the Soviet Union, but for various reasons, they were not able to marry in the end, and Zhang Zhiming has been living alone ever since. On October 5, 2008, Zhang Zhiming died at the age of 81 in Yuquan Hospital of Tsinghua University.
In her later years, Zhang Xilei devoted herself to the study and publicity of the revolutionary deeds and spirit of her father, the martyr Zhang Tailei. She initiated the establishment of the Zhang Tailei Research Association, coordinated the efforts of all parties, actively promoted the study of Zhang Tailei, and promoted the establishment and development of the "Guangzhou Uprising Memorial Hall" and the "Changzhou Zhang Tailei Memorial Hall". She herself funded and mobilized her family to participate, set up the Zhang Tailei Scholarship at Tianjin University and proposed the establishment of the "Tailei Class" to inspire the children of Tianda University to live up to Shaohua, strive to inherit the revolutionary spirit of the martyrs, and strive to be people who have contributed to the country and the people.
As a descendant of revolutionary martyrs, Zhang Xilei never deliberately publicized her life to outsiders, and even rarely mentioned her children. The spiritual strength given to Zhang Xilei by her father was undoubtedly enormous, and she had always done what her father asked. On February 16, 2020, Zhang Xilei died in Beijing at the age of 98.
Zhang Xilei's husband Feng Bohua, born in 1919 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, was a former vice minister of the Ministry of Chemical Industry, and died in 1993 at the age of 74.
In 1962, the whole family took a group photo, and in the middle was Lu Jinghua
Zhang Xilei had four daughters and a son, and the eldest daughter, Feng Haiyang, was born in 1944 and was admitted to Tsinghua University, and later worked at the Academy of Military Medical Sciences.
The second daughter, Feng Haiqing, was born in Northern Jiangsu in December 1945. She is an expert in the field of computer applications in China, graduated from the Chinese people's Liberation Army Military Engineering College majoring in radio, is the first batch of computer software research and development personnel in the mainland, once hired by the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense, as a senior consultant and expert on the civil industrialization of beidou satellite navigation system.
The third daughter, Feng Haining, returned from the Heilongjiang Construction Corps and missed the college entrance examination, taught herself until she was a senior engineer, and worked in the China Equipment Import and Export Corporation before retiring.
Feng Hailan
The fourth daughter, Feng Hailan, born in May 1952, studied at the Fourth Military Medical University from 1975 to 1979, studied for a master's degree at the Fourth Military Medical University from 1979 to 1982, studied at the School of Stomatology of Beijing Medical University from 1985 to 1987 and obtained a doctorate degree, and began to work in the Department of Prosthodontics of the School of Stomatology of Beijing Medical University from 1987, and later served as the director of the Department of Prosthetics.
Feng Hailong
Son Feng Hailong, born in 1948, major general of the Armed Police, went to Yunnan Ruili Production and Construction Corps in 1969. He joined the army in 1971 and served in the North Sea Fleet. In 1981, he began to work in the public security border defense force, successively serving as the chief of the Hainan and Shandong public security border defense corps, and later as the deputy political commissar of the Armed Police Academy.