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On December 11, 1927, the Guangzhou Uprising, which shocked China and foreign countries, broke out. This uprising was another heroic armed uprising of the people after the Nanchang Uprising and the Autumn Harvest Uprising. The organizer and leader of this uprising was Zhang Tailei, who was then the secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.
Zhang Tailei
Zhang Tailei, born in June 1898, is a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. In the autumn of 1916, Zhang Tailei was promoted to the Law Department of Tianjin Beiyang University. In 1919, he joined the May Fourth Movement. In 1920, he joined the early organization of the Communist Party of China and became one of the earliest members of the Communist Party of China. After that, he actively carried out the workers' movement together with Deng Zhongxia, and went to Changxindian to set up a labor remedial school, which trained the first backbone of the northern railway workers' movement. Later, he went to Tianjin to organize the Socialist Youth League.
In 1921, Zhang Tailei, who was practical and diligent and proficient in foreign languages, went to Irkutsk, Russia, to serve as the secretary of the China Section of the Far East Secretariat of the Communist International, engaged in the work of contact between the Communist International and the Communist Party of China. Zhang Tailei was one of the founders of the Chinese Socialist Youth League. In May 1922, he prepared and presided over the First National Congress of the Socialist Youth League in Guangzhou. In June 1923, the Third National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Guangzhou, and Zhang Tailei participated in the preparations for the congress and attended the congress.
In 1927, after the 1987 Conference, Zhang Tailei was sent to Guangdong to work, serving as the secretary of the Cpc Guangdong Provincial Committee and the secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Committee military commission, the secretary of the Central Southern Bureau and the member of the Military Commission of the Southern Bureau. As soon as he arrived in Guangdong, he immediately studied and formulated a plan for an uprising in Guangdong Province, and initiated the formation of the Revolutionary Military Commission, the command body of the Guangzhou Uprising, as its chairman. Just as preparations were intense, news of the uprising leaked. Zhang Tailei immediately made a decision, and the gunshots of the Guangzhou uprising began ahead of schedule in the early morning of December 11.
Zhang Tailei presided over the oath uprising of the teaching group (oil painting)
At 3:30 a.m. on December 11, under the leadership of Zhang Tailei, Ye Ting, Ye Jianying, Zhou Wenyong and others, the Guangzhou Uprising broke out. After more than two hours of fierce fighting, the rebel forces occupied the Municipal Public Security Bureau and most of the north bank of the Pearl River. At noon on December 12, more than 10,000 workers, peasants, and soldiers in Guangzhou held a meeting to celebrate the founding of the Soviet government in the Watermelon Garden Square on Fengning Road. After the meeting, Zhang Tailei returned to the general headquarters of the uprising, just at this time, a force of enemies counterattacked from Yuexiu Mountain, Zhang Tailei heard the news and rushed to the Great North Gate to command the battle, on the way was ambushed by the enemy, heroically sacrificed, only 29 years old, becoming the first member of the Central Committee and the Politburo in the history of the CPC to sacrifice himself on the front line of the battle.
Video: Yuan Shijie
Producer: Zhu Wenting, Lin Jiayuan
Part of the source: CCTV News