As we all know, Kunning Palace has always been the empress's residence, corresponding to the Qianqing Palace where the emperor lived, but since the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, only four empresses have lived in Kunning Palace, they are Shunzhi (Jingfei), Empress Xiaohuizhang, Empress Xiaochengren and Empress Xiaozhaoren. Today, we are going to talk about the last Kunning Palace Lord of the Qing Dynasty: Empress Xiaozhaoren.
Iron Blood Family VS Phoenix Nest House
It is said that the Qing Dynasty had four major families, namely the Yellow Banner Niu Hulu Clan, the Zhenghuang Banner Hesheli Clan, the Yellow Flag Tong Jia Clan and the Yellow Flag Fucha Clan.
These four families, as a rising star, the Zhenghuangqi Hersheli clan once flourished in the early years of the Kangxi Dynasty, but with the early death of Empress Xiaochengren, the fall of the university scholar Suo Ertu, and the abolition of the crown prince Yinrong, it seems that the short-lived Herschel clan is fleeting like a meteor.
Originally a Banner of the Han Dynasty, tong jia later rose to the Manchurian clan by relying on Kangxi's mother, Empress Xiaokangzhang, and Kangxi's third empress, Empress Xiaoyiren, but this family was more of a foreign relative. In contrast, the Yellow Flag Button Hulu Clan and the Yellow Flag Fu cha clan are the real Manchurian Nobles, both of which can be called iron-blooded families, outstanding in military merit, which cannot be compared with the other two major families, while in the inner court, the Yellow Flag Button Hulu clan is more eye-catching, and five empresses have emerged successively, so it is called the Fengchao Family.
Speaking of the Yellow Banner Niu Hulu Clan, it is necessary to mention a key figure, he is one of the five founding ministers of the Qing Dynasty, Hongyi Gongyuan Yidu.
It is said that long before Nurhaci raised his army, Eyi had already known him. At that time, Eyidu, whose parents died early, lived in his aunt's house, and once, Eyidu's uncle captured a white eagle, but gave this eagle to the onlookers Nurhaci, and although he did not give up, Eyidu still gave the white eagle to Nurhaci. Later, the white eagle himself flew back to his uncle's house, and his uncle asked Er Yidu to send Nurhaci back, who knows, Nurhaci said: "Although the eagle is a bird genus, it is his righteousness to be able to fly back without giving up his old lord!" ”
Ehydu was amazed by Nurhaci's answer and became a close and good friend with him from then on, and after a free conversation, Ehyato decided to follow Nurhaci and achieve a career. Three years later, Nurhaci raised an army with thirteen pairs of armor, and Er Yidu became the most courageous general under his command, attacking the city in wars against the Nine Allied Forces, conquest of Hada Huifa, and the Battle of Salhu, so that emperor Taiji later succeeded to the throne, posthumously awarded the title of Duke of Hongyi and deserved the Taimiao Temple, which was extremely rare in the Qing Dynasty.
After Edu, his sons Cheerge, Turge, and Shubilon all became the political stars of the Taizong Dynasty, bravely and courageously on the battlefield, and built the Niuhulu clan into an iron-blooded family.
Moreover, the Yellow Flag Niu Hulu clan and the Qing Dynasty royal family have always maintained a state of marriage.
The first to marry the royal family was the sister of Eyidu, she was Nurhachi Concubine Niuhulu, Nurhaci also successively married his cousin Kyaw Luoshi (the daughter of the great uncle Li Dun) and his daughter Mukush to Eyidu, and Erdu married his daughter Niuhulu to Nurhaci's son Huang Taiji, who was the original match of Emperor Taiji (Yuan Concubine). However, this concubine was abandoned by the Emperor Taiji for breaking into the Khan's palace by a sedan car.
It is said that after Mukush (Nurhaci's fourth daughter) remarried to Eyidu, he gave birth to two sons and a daughter, of which the youngest son died prematurely, and the other son was the famous Shubilong, the father of Empress Xiaozhaoren.
Note: Nurhaci's sixth daughter was the same mother as Mukush (Gyalmuhu Kyaw Roshi), who married Sulnell of the Yehenara clan and gave birth to a son named Suksaha. In other words, Shubilon and Sukhsaha are cousins. They were all Nurhaci's grandsons, Emperor Taiji's nephews, and Shunzhi Emperor's cousins.
Seeing this, everyone will understand that Shu Bilong and the Shunzhi Emperor were cousins, so Kangxi and Empress Xiaozhaoren were actually cousins, that is, the cousin's daughter married the cousin's son.
The Empress of the Qing Dynasty who parachuted into the Forbidden City
As early as the fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, a daughter of Shu Bilong competed with Empress Xiaochengren (Hesheli clan) for the throne, and in the end Empress Xiaochengren won, but somehow, this daughter of Shu Bilong did not know where to go, but she was not the later Empress Xiaozhaoren, but the sister of Empress Xiaozhaoren.
In fact, Empress Xiaozhaoren was the daughter of Shu bilong.
There were three chief chambers, the first being the eldest daughter of Prince Azig (i.e., the cousin of Prince Azig), the second being the daughter of Prince Sakhalyan (granddaughter of Prince Sahilon's uncle Daishan, i.e., the cousin of Chobilon), and the third being the Bayara clan (Alinga's biological mother).
In addition, Shu Shu Jue Luo Shi also had a side chamber, namely Shu Shu Jue Luo Shi, Shu Shu Jue Luo Shi was the birth mother of Empress Xiao Zhaoren, in addition to Empress Xiao Zhaoren, Shu Shu Jue Luo Shi also gave birth to Fa Ka (the third son of Shu Bi Long) and Wen Guifei.
On the third day of May in the thirteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Empress Xiaochengren, who had just given birth to a concubine in Kunning Palace, died of difficult childbirth, and at this time, in addition to attending to the funeral of Empress Xiaochengren, a new empress was also chosen. In the following two or three years, the daughter of the former auxiliary chancellor Shu Bilong, Niu Hulu, stood out as the new lord of the Kuning Palace.
Although he had been an assistant chancellor of the Kangxi Dynasty, he had committed a previous crime and had been attached to Aobai, but because he was the son of the founding father Officinalis Erdu and the grandson of Taizu, the Kangxi Emperor issued an edict on the nineteenth day of the ninth month of the ninth year of the Kangxi Dynasty:
"Shu Bilong was appointed as an auxiliary chancellor by The Ancestor gu of the Qing Dynasty, and he was also the son of the five founding ministers of the early Qing Dynasty, Er Yidu, who was especially lenient, and his order was still to be the Duke of Suwei Inner Court."
In the thirteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, that is, in the year of empress Xiaochengren's death, Qiu Bilong died of illness, and the Kangxi Emperor personally came to comfort him and gave him the title of "Ke Qi".
What needs to be noted here is that after the death of Shu Bilong, why did the Qing Dynasty imperial family make the daughter of such an old minister who had a good death but had a previous crime as the new empress candidate?
It is worth mentioning that Empress Xiaozhaoren's entry into the palace belongs to the "airborne", that is, without going through the draft, directly entering the palace, entering the palace for about fifteen years in the Kangxi Dynasty, and the original name was divided into concubines.
In the sixteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, the mourning period of Empress Xiaochengren had passed, and in August of that year, Empress Xiaozhaoren was made empress and became the new lord of Kunning Palace.
At the same time, Kangxi also enfeoffed a concubine (Empress Xiaoyiren of the Tong Jia clan) and seven concubines (An Concubine Li, Concubine Wang Jia, Duan Concubine Dong, Rong Concubine Ma Jia, Hui Concubine Nala, Yi Concubine Guo Luo Luo, and Concubine Hesheli). The concubine position appeared for the first time in the Qing Palace, and the qing dynasty concubine system was further improved.
The lord of the Kunning Palace who died inexplicably
Early in the morning of February 26, 1717, Kangxi came to Qianqingmen to listen to the government, but who knew that when he was young (9:00 to 11:00 a.m.), the news of Xiao Zhao's death suddenly came.
The cause of Xiao Zhao's death is not recorded in the main history, but the missionary Zhang Cheng said in his notes that he died in childbirth, the same as Empress Xiao Chengren. However, from the clues in the archives, in the period before Xiao Zhao's death, she had been ill all along, and even some officials even asked the empress to pray to the Taoist priests, so Xiao Zhao did not look like a sudden dystocia and died, and it was speculated that it might be the root of the disease left by the miscarriage.
From August of the 16th year of the Kangxi Dynasty to February of the 17th year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Empress Xiaozhaoren only sat on the throne for half a year, and the only thing she did during her reign was to request that the temple be erected for her father.
As we said earlier, Qiu Bilong was guilty of a previous crime, and although he had once been a very popular subject and was also a meritorious person, Empress Xiao Zhaoren's move was undoubtedly a request for her father to be rehabilitated. Unexpectedly, Kangxi readily agreed, in addition to the need to envelop the Niuhulu family during the San Francisco period at that time, the feelings between Kangxi and Empress Xiaozhaoren also accounted for a large part.
It is said that on the day of Empress Xiaozhaoren's death, Empress Dowager Zhaosheng came to Qianqingmen and wanted to cry, but was persuaded by the Kangxi Emperor to return. Three days later, Empress Renxian (Empress Xiaohuizhang) personally came to the Zi Palace of Empress Xiaozhaoren to mourn, and the empress dowager gave the empress a mourning, which is extremely rare in Qing history.
In March of the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Kangxi sent BoGuoduo the Prince of Heshuozhuang and The King of Doroxin Commandery (two Iron Hat Kings) to Gonghuacheng to give Empress Daxing the title of Xiaozhao.
The throne of the two instruments of the Two Instruments, the capital is allowed to be born through the husband. The origin of the end of all things, the rule of the outside must precede the rule of the inside. Therefore, the government is repaired and the family state is forever lai. Kun Zhen wrote and tasted Xian Heng. Remembering Yi Shu's Long. The virtue of Yi Nian Kuang Xiang. The emblem is still there. The ceremony should be revered. Ham Yukimi yu Hugh said. Shi Ke flowed in the world. Empress Nuu Lu clan. Dream chenghua valve. Nie Mao Lingyi. Masamune. A good match. Fulfillment and thinking smoothly, Duan Ke ben in heavenly huai. The body is humble and gentle. Feng LiangGong's Ding Province, Yu Wan Mi Yin. Xiangjiu Temple's fragrant fragrance and respect for the common jiadu. According to the wind of obedience and frugality. Night sleep, Kezo's rule. The five constants and the benevolence can be caught. Follow the four teachings and be cautious and bow down. The history of the map is comparable to that of the Tong Guan. Contains Zhang Yunmei and Xun Ye Ji yu huang bao. The Spiral of the Temple of Ho Tu. The eternal death of the Deep Pain Instrument. The Code of Remembrance. The text of the style of the festival. He honors his name and shows kindness and love for his relatives. Words are difficult to exhaust, and the rest of the holy smell is revealed. Yi De Yu Zhang. Fame is unspeakable. He is specially known as Empress Xiaozhao. Yu drama. Bing Danqing was a master of the Hundred Dynasties and the Best of Luck. Weeping In the Thousand Autumns, Fang Zhi Pi. Mourning Pole. Spoil it.
In March of the 20th year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Empress Renxiao (孝诚仁皇后) and Empress Xiaozhao were buried together in the Jingling Underground Palace.
In the first year of Yongzheng, the newly succeeded Yongzheng Emperor was given the title of Xiaozhao (孝昭静淑明惠正) and Empress Shengren of Qin Tianshun (钦天顺聖仁). After Qianlong and Jiaqing succeeded to the throne, they successively added "Anyu" and "Duanmu", and the final titles were: Xiaozhao Jingshu Minghuizheng and Anyu Duanmuqin Tianshun Shengren Empress.
Zichen said:
Empress XiaoZhaoren was the first empress of the Yellow Banner Niu Hulu clan, and although she was the successor, she opened the valve for the Niu Hulu clan to enter the middle palace. Since then, the Yellow Banner Niu Hulu clan has produced four empresses of the Qing Dynasty, Namely Empress Xiaoshengxian, Empress Xiaoherui, Empress Xiaomucheng, and Empress Xiaozhenxian, making it the true home of the Phoenix Nest.
It is worth mentioning that after Empress Xiaozhaoren, kunning Palace became a place of sacrifice and activity, and no empress lived here, so Xiaozhao became the last lord of Kunning Palace.
References: Draft History of the Qing Dynasty, Genealogy of the Founding Hero Hongyi Gong, Notes on the Living of the Kangxi Dynasty, Records of Emperor Zuren of the Qing Dynasty