On October 10, 1949, under the leadership of Chen Yi and Su Yu, the East China Field Army launched a final general offensive against Chen Guanzhuang, and the huge encirclement formed by the main force of our army was now shrinking step by step, and the last elite troops of the reactionaries who were besieged by our army were the last elite troops of the reactionaries, Du Yuming's corps, Qiu Qingquan's corps, and Li Mi's corps resisted stubbornly, and Hua Ye's soldiers sheathed their swords, like Changhong's constant attack on the enemy's positions.
Photo of Qiu Qingquan
Qiu Qingquan's army, which was defeated like a mountain, fled in all directions, and Qiu Qingquan himself also looked up to the sky and sighed:
"Liu Zhi is incompetent! It was Liu Zhi who killed me and Du Yuming! ”
When the men and horses of the East China Field Army attacked near Qiu Qingquan's command post like a tidal wave, Qiu Qingquan also knew that his general situation had gone, and he pulled out the gun from his waist to try to cut himself, and Li Hanping, then chief of staff of the Kuomintang Second Corps, pulled Qiu Qingquan aside and said loudly:
"Commander Qiu! I'll lead people to cover your breakout! You are the headmaster's concubine! Even if you lose this battle, the principal will not pursue you, not to mention that the responsibility for the defeat is not on you and Chief Du Yuming! ”
Qiu Qingquan smiled bitterly and shook his head:
"Anyway! In this battle, the elite of our army have suffered complete losses, and those of us who have lost our families are like dogs who have lost our families, even if we flee, where can we escape? ”
Li Hanping couldn't help but say, and gave a glance to several soldiers around him, and several people set up Qiu Qingquan and began to retreat, and Qiu Qingquan, who looked sluggish, repeated in his mouth:
"Liu Zhi is incompetent! Liu Zhi is incompetent! ”
Chen Yi and Su Yu were now sitting in the command post of the East China Field Army, and the two stood on a high ground not far from Chen Guanzhuang, and Su Yu said with a smile:
"We should start preparing for the Battle of the River Crossing!" Time is running out, and if you want to fight, you must take advantage of the fact that the enemy has not slowed down! ”
Chen Yi waved his hand and said:
"Don't worry! The Battle of the River Crossing didn't start so quickly! Chairman Mao sent a telegram yesterday, and the Chairman expected that the Kuomintang side would certainly propose peace talks after the end of this war! ”
Su Yu lowered his head and pondered for a moment, then he said:
"Chairman Mao is wise! If you think about it, it should be this direction, but in any case, there is still no direct hit down of the thing to be stable! ”
Chen Yi laughed and said:
"I'm just like you think!" But talk about it still has to be discussed, crossing the river is also to cross the river, the time is sooner or later! ”
The telegram sent by Chairman Mao to Chen Yi estimated the overall development of the future, and it has to be said that Chairman Mao's control of the current situation was extremely precise, and the original text of the telegram was as follows:
Chen Yi and Su Yu met:
The military intelligence center reported by Hua Ye already knew that Lin Biao's Siye had basically ended the Pingjin Campaign, and you had a good grasp of the opportunity to launch a general offensive against Du Yuming, Qiu Qingquan, and Li Mi's troops. Now it seems that the Huaihai Campaign is about to achieve complete victory, and I have analyzed the situation of struggle within the Kuomintang, and it is very likely that the other side will propose peace talks, but the preparations for crossing the river must still be carried out in time, so as to put pressure on the enemy.
In addition, in the final stage of the decisive battle, it is necessary to completely annihilate all the enemy units as the main goal, and it is best to capture Du Yuming, Qiu Qingquan, and Li Mi alive; if these requirements can be met, the pace of the annihilation of the reactionary enemy can be further accelerated!
Su Yu was also a strategist with precise vision, and he naturally understood the profound meaning of Chairman Mao's telegram, and Su Yu immediately called the commanders of the various columns commanding the operation on the front line and said:
"In this battle, we must completely annihilate the enemy's three major corps, pay attention to the captured enemy, and not let Du Yuming, Qiu Qingquan, and Li Mi run away in confusion!"
Du Yuming also had no spirit at this time, he felt weak all over his body, his heart was full of grief, he watched the smoke billowing from his position, a breath blocked in his chest, almost fainted and fell to the ground.
Qiu Qingquan frantically fled to his rear under the cover of his subordinates, at this time his Second Corps had been beaten to pieces by Chen Yi and Su Yu, and several of Qiu Qingquan's division commanders were still in charge of the lives of the soldiers, who had already taken the lead in escaping.
The world is uncertain, the vicissitudes of the sea are sangtian, the wheel of history is mercilessly crushed, and Qiu Qingquan can't understand in his heart why the Kuomintang, which has 6 million elite soldiers, has vomited a hundred in just three years. The answer to this question Qiu Qingquan was already too late to think, and he had been bent on death at this time to ignite the hope of survival.
Qiu Qingquan organized the few remaining men and horses around him to start the breakthrough, and the encirclement circle that our army had deployed for half a month was indestructible, and where Qiu Qingquan's remnants of the army were defeated, they would be able to break through! The failure of successive breakthroughs has cast a shadow on Qiu Qingquan's heart again, the trend has gone, and the status quo of having nowhere to escape will indeed cause panic among the vast majority of people.
Qiu Qingquan remembered the glory years of the past, remembered the time when he followed Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition, and also remembered the scene of the bloody battle between himself and Du Yuming leading the Fifth Army at Kunlun Pass and the Japanese Kou during the War of Resistance, and the years when he led the expeditionary force to defeat the elite Japanese army in Burma a few years ago. Time obviously passed quickly, but why did he lose to the end?
In this battle, Liu Zhi had already made a faint move, although Du Yuming had full command of this battle later, and he was already powerless to return to heaven, Qiu Qingquan had already hated Liu Zhi at this time, and when Huang Wei's corps was annihilated, Qiu Qingquan still had 100,000 horses in his hands at that time, which was the strongest in Du Yuming's corps.
When Du Yuming decided to make Qiu Qingquan's troops the absolute main force, Qiu Qingquan was on his toes at that time, and he also said to his subordinates:
"Now that the heavens are high, I have to fly, and finally I have my use of martial arts!"
The original rhetoric has now become a joke, this battle Su Yu used the main force of Huaye's 10 columns, mobilized more than 10,000 artillery to join the battle, our army invested unprecedented strength and firepower, Su Yu saw the scene of fierce battle on the front line and said:
"Now it is time for the reactionaries to taste the taste of being fried!"
When Qiu Qingquan fell to a farmland behind Chen Guanzhuang with the remnants, a part of the first column that Hua Ye had copied from the rear of the enemy had already arrived, and there were obstacles in front and pursuing soldiers in the back, and Qiu Qingquan shook his head and said with a sad look:
"That's it! That's it! This is where I am buried! ”
In a fierce battle, Qiu Qingquan fell to the ground with six shots in his body and died in this unseed farmland. When the soldiers of a column rushed to the farmland to clean up the battlefield, they found Qiu Qingquan's body, which was confirmed by a division commander who had been captured by the enemy, and this person was Qiu Qingquan.
The news of Qiu Qingquan's death quickly reached Chen Yi and Su Yu, who was silent for a long time without speaking, and Chen Yi did the same, and after a while Su Yu said slowly:
"Qiu Qingquan's command ability is not bad; although we killed this man, the real killer was the corrupt and incompetent Kuomintang, who was bent on martyrdom for the reactionaries.
To this day, there is a stone stele standing next to Kunlun Pass, and the words on this stone stele were jointly written by Du Yuming and Qiu Qingquan, which read:
"Commemoration of the collective fallen soldiers of the Fifth Army!"
In the Battle of Kunlun Pass, Qiu Qingquan led two divisions of the Fifth Army to engage in a bloody battle with the Japanese Kou, and after the two sides fought until the ammunition was exhausted, Qiu Qingquan ascended to a high voice and shouted:
"The country has reached such a point, what face do we people have to live in the world, all of us have bayonets, and fight with the Wokou!"
Qiu Qingquan led the charge, a six-hour long white-knife battle, the Fifth Army won the final victory, this battle Qiu Qingquan's troops annihilated more than 5,000 Japanese troops.
Photo of General Su Yu
Su Yu remembered Qiu Qingquan's merits during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and he sighed and said:
"During the War of Resistance! Qiu Qingquan still has merit for the country, although we are opponents, but now that he has died in battle, we don't have to criticize anything anymore! Let Ye Fei choose a quiet place and bury Qiu Qingquan! ”
After Ye Fei received Su Yu's instructions, he immediately arranged for several powerful soldiers of the People's Liberation Army to transport Qiu Qingquan's body to a clean place, and after burying Qiu Qingquan, Ye Fei also ordered someone to erect a tombstone for him, which read: "The tomb of Qiu Qingquan of Yueqing!" Yueqing is now Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province, which is the hometown of Qiu Qingquan.
Du Yuming, who was still organizing a breakthrough, was already covered in blood at this time, and a signal soldier of the Second Corps hurried to Du Yuming's side to report:
"Commander Du! Not good! We, Chief Qiu Qingquan, have been shot several times and martyred! ”
When Du Yuming heard this, he asked loudly, "What are you talking about?" How is this possible? Is this news true? ”
The messenger cried and said, "It's true! I saw it with my own eyes not far away! ”
Du Yuming immediately became sad, but after a long silence, Du Yuming shouted loudly:
"Qiu Qingquan misled me!" Qiu Qingquan mistook me! ”
Everyone present did not understand the meaning of Du Yuming's words, only the chief of staff beside Du Yuming knew what he meant, and then Du Yuming stumbled and almost fell to the ground, the chief of staff quickly supported him, Du Yuming wiped his face with his hand and said:
"Death and debt! No matter what Qiu Qingquan did wrong, it was now written off! ”
So why would Du Yuming shout that Qiu Qingquan had misled me? With huang wei's corps surrounded by Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping's troops, how to fight the next battle, Du Yuming came up with his own suggestions, he originally decided to withdraw from Xuzhou and retreat to the Huai River area to find fighters to fight a decisive battle with our army.
However, Chiang Kai-shek ordered one after another to urge Du Yuming to rescue Huang Wei's corps, and Du Yuming was afraid of being investigated by Chiang Kai-shek afterwards, so he had to lead three corps under his command to rush to the aid of Huang Wei's corps.
Su Yu immediately compiled his ideas into telegrams and reported them to Chairman Mao, who saw at a glance the subtleties of Su Yu's battle plan and immediately approved it.
Du Yuming's tactics were very unfamiliar with Su Yu, after all, Du Yuming had always been fighting Lin Biao on the northeast battlefield before, but Qiu Qingquan was well aware of Su Yu's strength, but Qiu Qingquan had always been arrogant and arrogant, not taking anyone seriously, and he did not take this battle seriously.
Therefore, Qiu Qingquan is a person who does not have a long memory, during the Battle of Suzhong, Qiu Qingquan was defeated by Su Yu, and in the Battle of Eastern Henan, Su Yu attacked Kaifeng to attract the enemy army to support Kaifeng, Qiu Qingquan could not see through Su Yu's tactics and was really deceived, leaving aside the District Shou Nian Regiment that was with him, Su Yu seized the fighter plane and took the opportunity to surround and annihilate the Ou Shou Nian Corps.
The image of Qiu Qingquan in film and television dramas
When Du Yuming led his troops to set off, Qiu Qingquan had the first wrong judgment, and Du Yuming believed that even if he wanted to rescue Huang Wei's corps, he could not immediately abandon Xuzhou, and should slowly march, so that all troops could advance in unison, leaving no gap, and gradually withdrawing from Xuzhou.
However, Du Yuming's suggestion was opposed by Qiu Qingquan, who was older than Du Yuming, but Du Yuming still had a set of commands, so Qiu Qingquan still had a lot of respect for Du Yuming in peacetime, but this time Qiu Qingquan was very stubborn, he believed that the soldiers were fast, and they should let the troops march quickly from multiple directions and directly attack the center of our army's troops surrounding Huang Wei's corps.
Du Yuming thought about it again and again that this move was not possible, and Qiu Qingquan even threatened to transfer away from the Second Corps, and finally Du Yuming, who had always been hesitant, had to accept Qiu Qingquan's suggestion.
In this way, Du Yuming's three corps pulled a great distance between each other, and Su Yu saw the opportunity and mobilized Huaye's main force to intersperse these gaps, gradually forming an encirclement circle for the enemy's main forces.
When Tao Yong's fourth column reached Du Yuming's rear, the enemy's 45th Division, which was responsible for guarding behind the three corps, was surrounded by Tao Yong's column, and the enemy's 45th Division suffered heavy losses in a fierce battle.
Qiu Qingquan, who was commanding the troops in the front, immediately prepared to rescue the 45th Division after learning of this, knowing that the 45th Division was the unit on which Qiu Qingquan started, and his feelings for this unit were very deep, Qiu Qingquan immediately ran to Du Yuming to complain bitterly, asking the whole army to stop advancing, save his own 45th Division first, and then continue to march.
At that time, Du Yuming had realized that his main force was at risk of being surrounded, so he directly rejected Qiu Qingquan, but Qiu Qingquan did not spare him, refused to continue to lead the Second Corps forward, and he also joined forces with Li Mi to ask Du Yuming to rescue the 45th Division.
Du Yuming had no choice but to agree to Qiu Qingquan's request, and at the same time Du Yuming also stipulated:
"I only have one day to stay, and if I don't rescue the 45th Division after a day, I can only lead the whole army to continue to advance!"
In fact, qiu Qingquan spent two and a half days to rescue the 45th Division, and it was precisely because of the delay of these two and a half days that Su Yu had time to complete the final deployment, and in these two and a half days, Du Yuming's three corps were stationed in place, without moving a single step, Su Yu seized the opportunity to mobilize 10 columns to complete the final encirclement of Du Yuming's group.
Qiu Qingquan's two mistakes were all discovered by Su Yu, and it should be known that General Su Yu's command style is very good at seizing the fighter, and Xue Yue once commented on Su Yu:
"It's incredible that this man is using soldiers! Whoever shows a little flaw in front of Su Yu will basically lose this battle! ”
Besides, Qiu Qingquan made two huge mistakes in a row, and since he was playing against Su Yu, how could Du Yuming not be defeated? Therefore, Du Yuming would shout loudly when he was discouraged and the defeat was decided
"Qiu Qingquan mistook me!" ”
When Du Yuming was captured by our army, he no longer complained about Qiu Qingquan, after all, Qiu Qingquan had already died in battle, and everyone was dead.
Chiang Kai-shek was greatly shocked when he received the news that Qiu Qingquan had been killed, our army won the final victory in the Huaihai Campaign, Chiang Kai-shek knew that his general situation was gone, he had already decided to evacuate Nanjing, as early as the end of 1948, Chiang Kai-shek arranged for Chen Cheng to go to Taiwan first to arrange evacuation affairs.
In fact, the fact that Qiu Qingquan was killed caused a great shock at that time, whether it was Xue Yue, or Bai Chongxi, Wei Lihuang and others were very surprised, of course, at this time, Wei Lihuang had been dismissed from his post because he lost the northeast war, Bai Chongxi said sadly:
"As soon as Qiu Qingquan died, the morale of our army was wiped out, and tang Enbo's improvised grass-based group alone could not stop the Communists from crossing the river!"
After the Battle of Huaihai, the Kuomintang's attitude also took a 180-degree turn, and as Chairman Mao had predicted, Li Zongren took the initiative to propose peace talks and sent Zhang Zhizhong, Shao Lizi, and others as representatives to negotiate with our army.
When Li Zongren learned that our army had buried Qiu Qingquan's body, he was very moved in his heart, until Li Zongren returned to the mainland to settle down more than ten years later, and he thanked Chen Yi and Su Yu in person for this matter.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Liu Bocheng founded the Nanjing Military Academy in Nanjing, and in the process of teaching, Liu Bocheng took several classic battles commanded by Qiu Qingquan as teaching materials, of course, these battles took place during the anti-Japanese period, namely: the Nanjing Defense War, the Kunlun Pass Campaign, and the Burmese Northern Campaign that occurred in Burma.
Liu Bocheng was also very familiar with Qiu Qingquan, when in the Jinji-Hebei Luyu Liberated Area, Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping launched the Shangdang Campaign, Qiu Qingquan was one of the opponents of Liu Deng's army, although Liu Bocheng defeated Qiu Qingquan in this battle, but Liu Bocheng was very favorable to Qiu Qingquan's platoon deployment.
Schematic diagram of the Huaihai Campaign strategy
After 1959, the generals of the Nationalist army who were captured by our army were pardoned one after another, and Chairman Mao issued a directive saying:
"For these Kuomintang generals, they have made mistakes, but the merits they have made for the country must also be affirmed, and we Communists have always had a clear distinction between reward and punishment!"
Therefore, with the passage of time, many of Qiu Qingquan's anti-war achievements have gradually been mentioned.