On September 16, 1948, the Battle of Jinan had officially begun, and under the strong offensive of our army, the positions on the outskirts of Jinan were rapidly broken. On the eastern front, Commander Cao Zhenduo, commander of the Jinan Eastern Garrison Area, after commanding the reorganized 73rd Division and other units to counterattack Maoling Mountain and Yanchi Mountain, immediately retreated to the Majiazhuang position to resist.
Wang Yaowu later recalled: "The battle was extremely fierce, and after Majiazhuang was half captured, in order to frustrate the PLA offensive and retake the Majiazhuang position, I ordered the 19th Brigade, which had been added to Majiazhuang, to pounce on the PLA under the cover of artillery fire, and launched a scramble for Majiazhuang to regain part of the PLA position. The Platon Army (PLA) added troops to storm the 19th Brigade, retaking the lost positions. ”
At this time, Majiazhuang became the focus of offensive and defensive battles in the eastern suburbs, and Wang Yaowu spoke to Zhao Yao, commander of the 19th Brigade: "I already know that you fought very hard, and the fighting spirit of the officers and men of the 19th Brigade can be called the first class in the National Army." At present, the gains and losses of the Majiazhuang position have a bearing on the success or failure of the Jinan War, and I believe that you will not fail to live up to the hopes of the party-state. ”
Zhao Yao was impatient and anxious, and said: "Commander Wang, I Zhao Yao don't want to say anything more, I know the Majiazhuang position, and now it is the focus of our contention with the communist army: I will personally lead the troops to fight the communist army back!" ”
Zhao Yao put down the phone, grabbed a submachine gun and rushed out of the headquarters. Under the fierce artillery fire, he spoke to the hundreds of defenders who were preparing to attack: "Brothers, there is a prize for battle, and if you retreat, you will kill!" As a brigade commander, I personally lead you to charge, and we must beat the communist army out of Majiazhuang! ”
Wang Yaowu later recalled: "The Plaster's people's liberation army used houses to stop the 19th brigade's attack with fierce firepower; the 19th brigade also used the houses to make holes and attack the PLA. In the afternoon of the battle, Zhao Yao, commander of the 19th Brigade, was wounded, and the officers and men suffered heavy casualties and dead bodies, and the wounded soldiers who retreated were endless. ”
In the face of such a dilemma, the Kuomintang newspapers wantonly created fake news, for example, there was a news that said: The strength of the National Army in Jinan continued to increase, the lineup was strong, so the peripheral war turned into an advantage, and the two hills near Yanyi Mountain and Maoling Mountain in the southeast area of Jinan City were recovered one after another on the night of the 17th, and the communist army suffered heavy casualties.
The telegram from Xuzhou said: Chen Yi is now entangled with the remnants of the original battle that have not been repaired after the battle, although it is said that 300,000 people have gathered all the departments in the central and southwestern parts of the Lu Territory to spy, and the prelude to the Battle of Jinan was unveiled on the evening of the 15th.
Publishing such newspaper news and telegrams that lie about the state of the war is the practice of the Kuomintang war reports, because they need to deceive themselves. However, the unprecedented fierceness and tragedy of the offensive and defensive sides of the Jinan Campaign is a fact.
In the eastern suburbs, on September 18, more than 80 Nationalist defenders hid in a kiln to avoid heavy artillery fire from the People's Liberation Army. Suddenly, a heavy shell landed on the roof of the kiln, blowing it up, and all the officers and men of the defenders suffocated, leaving no trace, and their names were unknown.
It was only after the war that they were dug out of the kiln and buried together in a large pit not far away. Since then, these people have disappeared from this world.
In the "Diary of the Formation" of our army's siege corps, there is such a record: "On the 18th of the 81st Regiment, the enemy reinforcement platoon guarding the north Zimu Fort of Dianliuzhuang was completely annihilated. Our front-line reporter made the following description of the total annihilation of the enemy's reinforced platoon:
On the evening of the 18th, 2 companies of the 81st Regiment of our 9th Column attacked the enemy's position in Liuzhuang, not far from maoling mountain, with a fierce movement. A battalion of the Nationalist defenders carried out a frenzied counterattack, and the soldiers of the 2nd Company of the 81st Regiment threw explosive packets with their hands and repelled the defenders' attack. But in the corner of Dian Liu Zhuang there was a large bunker with a reinforced platoon of enemy troops.
Eliminating this reinforcement platoon has become a top priority. More than 40 people from 2 companies and 3 platoons, led by the platoon leader, all broke into the bunker. Suddenly, there was no crazy shooting in the bunker. The rising moon in the east shone on the dark bunker. The battalion sent people in and came back to report: More than 40 people in my 3 platoons fought with the enemy in hand-to-hand combat, and all were killed.
Early the next morning, Ye Chao, deputy director of the 9th Column Operations Division, and the comrades of the 81st Regiment came to this bunker, and a tragic scene was displayed in front of them:
One of our soldiers wrestled with an enemy soldier in battle and died together; a squad leader's leg was broken, but his mouth was still biting an enemy soldier; in a communication trench, a squad leader of our army pierced the chest of a soldier of the enemy army with a bayonet, but he also had the bayonet of the enemy soldier inserted in his back, and the head of the enemy soldier who stabbed our squad leader was smashed by one of my soldiers with the butt of his gun, and the soldier also fell in a pool of blood.
During the fierce battle in the east of Jinan, the news of our army paid attention to the "Yanchi Mountain" but ignored the existence of the "Yanyi Mountain"; while the Kuomintang reports regarded the "Yanchi Mountain" as the "Yanyi Mountain". In fact, "Yan Wing Mountain" is located in the southeast of the city, far from the east and west of the Thousand Buddha Mountain. Here, a battalion of the Kuomintang defenders was guarded.
The flames of war continue to burn around Jinan, while those anxiously waiting for news of the war are far north and south of the river. Their eyes are almost fixed on the airport in the western suburbs of Jinan. Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, and Zhu De of Xibaipo, Chiang Kai-shek in Nanjing, and Liu Zhi and Du Yuming in Xuzhou were all paying attention to this focus.
Tangjiagou, the general headquarters of the siege under the shade of green trees and yellow leaves. Xu Shiyou was on the phone with Song Shilun to urge the western front troops to quickly occupy the airfield.
Xu Shiyou said, "Old Song? The Siege East Corps fought very hard and well. After taking Maoling Mountain and Yanchi Mountain, the 25th Division was advancing westward, and the 26th Division took Huilongling and Xiajingzhuang. The 25th Division took Dianliuzhuang again, but encountered stubborn resistance at Majiazhuang, and the troops suffered heavy casualties. You have to speed up the attack! Commander Huaye wants you to keep close contact with the 10th and 3rd Columns, wants you to wipe out the 19th Brigade in Licheng and Changqing, and wants you to boldly advance to the airfield, attack the 84th Division, and force it to surrender! What's going on with you there? ”
Song Shilun said, "The 9th column is well played!" My Western Corps did not eat the pancake oil cakes of Shandong compatriots in vain. After my Western Corps crossed the Yufu River, the 28th Division of the 10th Column captured 700 people below the deputy regimental commander of the 55th Regiment of the 19th Brigade in a battle near the ancient city, and the 28th Division occupied Youlizhuang and Yangjiazhuang in the northwest of the ancient city on the morning of the 17th, annihilating a battalion of the 633rd Regiment of the 211st Brigade, another unit of the 55th Regiment of the 19th Brigade. The other captured Yujiazhuang and annihilated the 55th Regiment. As of yesterday afternoon, the 10th Column had occupied the area north of Sixingzhuang, Wujiazhuang, Youjiazhuang, Xinzhuang, Tenghuaishutun, and Daliujiazhuang. ”
Xu Shiyou said: "Your 10-column advance is not slow, but the 3-column Sun Jixian can't fight up, and you old Song wants to knock him a whip!" ”
Song Shilun said: "No, Sun Jixian's progress is not slow. The 3rd Column 9th Division made a little bit of a small name, disguised itself as an enemy army, and occupied Pipashan, Mengzhuang, Zhaozhuang, Shuangmiaotun, Fanzhuang, Yangjiatai, and other places from the beginning of the war, capturing more than 180 people of the enemy's 2nd Division. At 3 a.m. today, the 27th Regiment captured Renlizhuang, capturing more than 70 enemy personnel, and the 8th Division swept away the enemies in Songzhuang and Chizitou, annihilating dozens of people from a battalion of the enemy's special service brigade. By the afternoon of the 3rd column, it had captured Shuangmiaotun, Yangjiatai, pancun, as well as the 408, 365, and 388 highlands and hungry wolf mountains. ”
Xu Shiyou said: "Old Song, you must overcome all difficulties, send troops directly into the airfield, and resolutely block the enemy's air aid!" This is not my old promise, it is commander Su's words. Hey, I have good wine here, keep it for you! ”
Ningyang Dabai gathered the Huaye Headquarters, where the muffled heavy artillery sound from the north could be faintly heard.
In the late autumn, Wu Geng was really a little chilly, and Su Yu stood in front of the military map wearing a military coat. Since the beginning of the war, the red and blue pencil in his hand has always stayed on the map of the Battle of Jinan. Does the enemy have other plans for our army? What will the National Army do next?
Su Yu fell into contemplation, he had not slept all night.
Nanjing, the official residence of Chiang Kai-shek.
The attendant secretary handed a telegram to Chiang Kai-shek, and it was Liu Zhi who sent a telegram: President Junjian: The 74th Division was airlifted according to the order, and the first batch of 172 regiments of thousands of Nationalist troops had arrived in Jinan. The follow-up troops had already flown over Jinan, but the airport had been blocked by communist artillery fire, and the aircraft group could not land, so they had to return to Xuzhou for standby.
Liu Zhi's telegram surprised Chiang Kai-shek. According to Chiang Kai-shek's temperament, when his liver fire rises, he must have scolded his mother, but today he did not scold. These days, resentment and anger are his main state of mind. Perhaps when these two things are mixed together, the derived things are panic and grief.
After reading the telegram, Chiang Kai-shek called Deputy Commander Wang of the Air Force: "Wang Shuming?" I am Chiang Kai-shek. I want you to care about the situation in Jinan. Just now I received a telegram from Xuzhou, saying that the Jinan airport had been blocked by the communist army and that the air reinforcements could not land. You immediately take a flight to Jinan. In any case, we must also try to airlift all the 74th Division to Jinan! ”
When Chiang Kai-shek heard Wang Shuming happily reply, "Take off immediately," he put down the microphone with confidence. He doesn't believe the PLA can take control of the airport so quickly, which he considers "strange."
According to Chiang Kai-shek's instructions, Wang Shuming took a reconnaissance plane and flew over Jinan, and then reconnoitred at a low altitude. He saw that the shells that hit the runway were constantly exploding, and the smoke rushed upwards. Wang Shuming sent telegrams to Wang Yaowu and Chiang Kai-shek on the plane, saying: "The western suburban airfield is indeed blocked by communist artillery fire, and the reinforcement troops can no longer be transported." ”
Wang Yaowu looked at Wang Shuming's in-the-air call and handed it to Luo Xinli. The two of them looked at each other, and they knew very well in their hearts that the air passage had been cut off, and even they themselves had only one way to stick to the death.
The confidential officer also handed over a telegram from the Nanjing Headquarters: Commander Wang, the Jinan airport must be indeed guarded, and it is especially necessary to strengthen the security at night.
Wang Yaowu wanted to stop talking and snorted dismissively. Rothin-li threw the telegram aside in anger: "Hindsight! ”
"I want Commander Wu," Wang Yaowu said, "to tell Wu Huawen that the airfield is no longer functioning; but it cannot be lost as a defensive stronghold." Chief of Staff, we must step up the repair of the small runway under the Thousand Buddha Mountain. ”
The telephone switchboard relayed the telephone of Wu Huawen's headquarters: Commander Wu went to the troops.
Wang Yaowu did not notice anything unusual about the call. He told Luo Xinli that he must remind Wu Huawen to tighten the garrison of the airport in the western suburbs.
The majiazhuang front in the eastern suburbs was in a hurry: the 19th Brigade had been suppressed and retreated by the People's Liberation Army. Wang Yaowu came to the standby position of the 172nd Regiment of the 74th Division. More than 1,000 reinforcement officers and men from 7 companies lined up to greet their former commander.
When Wang Yaowu saw this spirit of this formation, it was as if he saw his own former prestige. Commander Liu Bingkun reported to Wang Yaowu with great pride: "Commander Wang, officers and men of the 172nd Regiment of the 58th Brigade of the 74th Division, are willing to go to the Tang Dynasty for the party and the state, and are willing to obey your orders and fight to the death with the communist army!" ”
Wang Yaowu was moved. From his helpless sorrow, he revealed a little sadness: "Yaowu thanks the brothers of the 172nd Regiment for their support for me!" This commander tells you that airlift has been cut off, and the national army has only one battle. The Majiazhuang front line is in a hurry, and I order you to run there immediately and crush the communist army together with the officers and men of the 19th Brigade! ”
Liu Bingkun led 7 companies of the 172nd Regiment to march rapidly to the eastern suburbs. The fighting in the eastern suburbs reached a fever pitch. The 140,000 men and horses of our army attacked the two groups in the east and west of the city, and rapidly compressed the urban area of Jinan from all directions.
The 5 regiments of the 9th Column swept through the periphery and fought bitterly in the east and southeast directions, with great sacrifice, slowly but solidly advancing. The scramble for Majiazhuang became a hot spot for attack and defense in the eastern suburbs.
Bozhong from the northeast, through Xindian, crossed the railway, from Dian LiuZhuang and HuayuanZhuang to the northeast of Jinan City.
The 10th and 3rd columns attacked rapidly from the west and southwest of the airfield; the luzhong south column was compressed from the south to Jinan.
The troops of the Bohai Naval Region have dealt with more than 1,000 Kuomintang defenders in Queshan On the north bank of the Yellow River, and are pressing from the north to Jinan.
After capturing the Qi River, the troops of the Jiluyu Military Region were pursuing the fleeing 4th Security Brigade, crossing the Yellow River in the east and pressing toward Jinan from the northwest.
The 13th Column of the Siege General Reserve had received orders to join the siege. This lurking force had already been wound up and sheathed. They were lying on standby in the south of the city, and after giving orders, they quickly rushed from the south to Jinan.
On September 19, 1948, the Battle of Jinan entered its third day.
Amid the gunfire, wang Zhaojian, the government secretary, handed Wang Yaowu several copies of the Central Daily, which Wang Yaowu read less seriously.
"Central Daily" carried an article on September 17: Outside Jinan, there has been contact. The Autumn Battle under the clouds of war clearly showed signs of progressing in the middle of Tsuura...
Wang Yaowu angrily lit up the Central Daily with his hand and said, "This is the air released by The General Manager of Xuzhou Again." The Great Battle of Jinan has already begun, and the soldiers of our defenders are already fighting in blood, and they are either unaware of it, or they are intent on defending the defense of Xuzhou, with the intention of not sending troops to relieve the siege of Jinan. Our tragedy is here. ”
Rosinley said: "What the commander said is very true. I never held out hope for xuzhou reinforcements. We can only encourage our defenders to be determined to coexist and die with the city. ”
Wang Yaowu also read the "Central Daily" on September 18, and reported that the nationalist army's strong brigades were airlifted to Jinan, and the fighting on the periphery was fierce.
Wang Yaowu stood up, tossed the newspaper aside, and said, "Strong brigade, air transport, outdated news." Chief of Staff, I ask you, is the main direction of the communist army's offensive in the east of the city or in the west of the city? ”
"I think it's in the west of the city."
"Then why is the attack in the east of the city more difficult to deal with than the attack on the west of the city?"
"The main attacking force to the east of the city is mainly their 9 columns. Weixian County of our army also fell because it encountered this unit. This unit is very proud, and it will not be killed when it comes to fighting. Weixian's defense is impregnable, but where do you think, they will dig an underground passage under our central bunker, pile hundreds of kilograms of explosives into it, and blow up our fortifications. It is said that they had dug astray, dug to the bottom of a large bay, and suffocated a row of people. But they succeeded. I have a hunch that we will fight this column to the death. ”
"What do you think is the reason why the main force of the communist army is in the west?"
"According to the terrain of Jinan, Commander Wang, you see, the east is a hilly area, which is not suitable for the movement of large troops; in the southeast is a heavy mountain, and the movement of heavy weapons is even more difficult; in the north is the Yellow River, and the communist army cannot attack from there; only the terrain in the west is flat and wide, and it is possible to carry out the attack and defense of large troops, so ..."
"Therefore, the commercial port and the airfield are the main decisive battles of this offensive and defensive war, and we will not be wrong to equip the main force and heavy artillery of the defenders here!"
Wang Yaowu and his chief of staff were not wrong in their analysis and judgment of the main direction of our army's offensive.
The problem was that the rapid and fierce attack of the 9th Column in the eastern suburbs forced Wang Yaowu to shake his previous judgment that the main offensive of the Platon Army was in the east and not in the west, and then changed its original deployment, quickly transferring the 19th and 57th Brigades placed between Changqing and the airfield to the east to the Dingshan and Majiazhuang lines, and then transferring the 213th Brigade, which was originally located west of the airfield, back to the commercial port, the northern suburbs, and the railway station line.
This rush to fight from side to side greatly demoralized his troops. In fact, the lieutenant general commander made a mistake when the Battle of Jinan was just beginning. When he asked Rosingli after a moment's consternation, he was just hiding his fear.
After Wang Yaowu read the telegram, his eyes flashed with rare excitement and comfort. He said: "Only President Chiang Kai-shek knows that our 100,000 nationalist troops have been caught in a bitter battle, and the troops of Commander Du and Commander Qiu are still assembling." ”
He asked Luo Xinli to connect to Xuzhou by wireless phone and call Du Yuming. But he hesitated again: "Let's call for help from Xuzhou General?" ”
"With the president's telegram, we can ask them to rush in because we are their subordinates." Rosin lee said.
"Yes!" Wang Yaowu walked out of the headquarters war room. The moon had just emerged from the mountains. The sound of cannons and gunshots was intense, and the earth seemed to be shaking. Wang Yaowu came to the telegraph room in the basement, picked up the microphone, and spoke in plain language.
"Commander-in-Chief Liu?" I am Wang Yaowu. ”
"Both I and Commander Du know that you are commanding the nationalist army in a bitter battle, and I have always been assured of your command." These are Liu Zhi's words.
"Now I don't want to listen to your kind words, time is worth thousands of dollars for the Jinan defenders!"
Although Wang Yaowu lowered his body to ask Liu Zhi for help, the other party was always vain and snake, and even though Wang Yaowu was furious, it was only to no avail, and he could only do anything in vain.
At the same time, our action of instigating Wu Huawen's uprising is being carried out again and again under Wu Huawen's worries. At 9 p.m. on September 19, at the Barracks of Kongjiazhuang on the western outskirts of Jinan: In Wu Huawen's headquarters of the reorganized 96th Army, officers at or above the reorganized 96th Army held an emergency meeting, and Wu Huawen wanted to declare an uprising.
Present at the meeting were Yang Tuanyi, deputy division commander of the 84th Division; Yang Youbai, brigade commander; Zhao Guangxing; Xu Mengru, chief of staff of the reorganized 96th Army; Gao Laibin, chief of staff of the brigade; Fu Boliang, chief of staff; Zeng Lisheng, chief of the quartermaster department; Qiao Chunjing, director of the military medical department; Liu Zongyin, director of the military food department; Niu Guozhen, director of the secretariat; and 6 regimental commanders, totaling more than 20 people.
With a rare serious look, Wu Huawen strode to the front of the participants. He did not take his seat, but scanned everyone with a majestic gaze. His gaze seemed to tell people that something big was going to happen tonight.
Huang Zhiping, Xin Guang, and Li Changyan all clutched their pistols and stood to the left and right of Wu Huawen. They all wore green military uniforms marked with the word "Shao" (Wubu). Alertness, competence, composure, and nervousness are the outward and inner manifestations that the three of them have in common at this moment.
They made it clear to the people attending the meeting: We underground party members, with our own blood as collateral, will lead your Commander Wu, as well as you and the 20,000 soldiers of the defenders, to a bright road.
Wu Huawen said in a heavy and excited tone: "Jinan is about to fall, and the Xuzhou reinforcement is just a scam." I have lived and died with everyone for decades, and the grace and brotherhood of parents are nothing more than this. For many years, Chiang Kai-shek said that we were miscellaneous cards and called me a traitor to the party. We have had enough of our anger and suffered enough, and we cannot hang ourselves from a tree. The crackdown on chaos has been going on for three years, and the more it has been, the more chaotic it has become; the more it has been suppressed for more than 20 years, the more it has been suppressed. If the civil war continues, what will happen? Li Xianzhou and Zhang Lingfu are the lessons of the past. The CCP has always been lenient, does not care about the past, does not remember the old evils, and welcomes us to withdraw from the civil war. I decided to go with the flow and abandon the dark! ”
"Everyone trusts me Wu, and I will never treat you badly, those who wish to come, those who do not want to pass." But ugly words are in the front, who is behind my desk, bad things for me, I Wu's temper you know. ”
Guarding the door was the aide-de-camp Gao Gaochen. This Jinan native was a close confidant of Wu Huawen. In the afternoon, Wu Huawen explained to him: In the evening, officers at and above the group level were summoned to a meeting to announce the uprising. You have to guard the venue, closely monitor the words and deeds of the officers who will be there, and if there is opposition or resistance on the spot, no matter who it is, kill him first.
Now, HD Tatsu was watching everyone's movements intently. He held two pistols and showed the officers very clearly what he was going to do.
Wu Huawen saw that Gao Gaochen had arranged guards in each part, sighed, and continued: "I Wu Mou have always been for unity and for the sake of the brethren of the whole army. If for the sake of personal happiness, take a plane to Hong Kong or the United States, eat, drink and have fun for a lifetime, but I Wu mou can not do that. In the future, if I have the food that Wu Huawen eats, there will be the food you eat. Please don't worry, I have already sent someone to get in touch with General Chen Yi and have also agreed on the conditions. You can also tell your own opinions and thoughts. ”
The decision of the uprising was nothing less than a thunderclap for the participants, who were surprised and worried. They looked at each other, but no one objected. In the end, the meeting unified its thinking with the motto of "willing to follow Commander Wu on the bright road."
Wu Huawen stood up and said loudly, "I thank everyone for their trust and support for me Wu Huawen. I decided to revolt tonight. I order you to return immediately to the troops and to convey the decision of the uprising to all the officers and men. Soldiers are fast, everything is carried out according to orders, and violators are engaged in military law! ”
After the meeting, Wu Huawen telephoned Brigadier He Zhibin, commander of the Independent Brigade, who did not attend the meeting: "The meeting has decided that in order to make the people of Jinan suffer fewer losses and for the officers and men of our army and the People's Liberation Army to reduce casualties, our army has decided to withdraw from the civil war tonight and maintain peace. ”
He Zhibin immediately replied, "I absolutely agree!" ”
Wu Huawen said, "Good! Then you immediately inform the front-line troops and relay to the PLA offensive troops that our army and the PLA are already one family, and ceasefire on the spot. ”
The uprising of 20,000 people opened a gate in Wang Yaowu's western defensive line, and the PLA's troops attacking the city on the western front rushed forward along the passage of the withdrawal of the reorganized 96th Army.
In Xinzhuang, in Kongjiazhuang, and in many places, the two armies were mixed and hostility disappeared. Congratulations on running to the light; glad not to be a wronged ghost.
However, this is not the whole of the rebel forces. In the early morning of the 20th, Wu Huawen received a report: Wang Yuchen, commander of the 465th Regiment of the 155th Brigade, fled to the "Sui District" headquarters to inform Wang Yaowu, and this regiment had no one to organize an uprising.
Wu Huawen was shocked: the bold idea he had originally thought of holding on to Wang Yaowu had come to naught. He ordered Yang Youbai: "Go and pull this regiment out!" ”
But Wu Huawen thought in his heart: Wang Yuchen rebelled against me, and it is no wonder that he has killed dozens of party members and people!
Before noon, Wu Huawen found that Yang Tuanyi, deputy commander of his 84th Division, had absconded. His heart was very uneasy, and he was even more angry.
At noon, the staff officer reported that a fugitive officer had been captured. Wu Huawen ordered to be brought in. The man had already changed into plain clothes, saw Wu Huawen, and bowed slightly. Wu Huawen stood up and looked up and down at the stranger.
Successive defections were a blow to Wu Huawen. He could no longer tolerate it, he said, "Raise soldiers for a thousand days, and use them for one dynasty." While I was using people, you ran away! He said, with a roar: "Pull out and kill!" ”
The gun rang out, and the officer was already lying on the ground outside, his eyes always open. The person did not leave a name. It was he who had misled himself. He should have gone into the light with his commander, but he didn't. What if Wu Huawen had left him with one life at that time? But he didn't. Maybe he was right, and the cruelty of this critical moment was necessary.
His uncle Li Changyan and others led Wu Huawen's father, wife, and daughter from a mountain pass in the west to the Yellow River and handed them over to Wu Huawen. In tears, the family thanked the CCP for leading them to the bright road.
In the evening, the sun was like blood. Wu Huawen led all the officers and men of his reorganized 96th Army to the edge of the Yellow River, and the smoke and dust raised by the footsteps of 20,000 people flew on the bank of the Yellow River. According to the instructions of The Electric Order of Hua Ye Suyu, the large and small ferries prepared for the rebel troops were neatly arranged on the shore.
Wu Huawen stood on the shore and saw those old subordinates who shared his life and death: Xu Mengru, chief of staff of the reorganized 84th Division, Yang Youbai, commander of the 155th Brigade, Zhao Guangxing, commander of the 161st Brigade, He Zhibin, commander of the Independent Brigade, Gao Laibin, chief of staff, Meng Zhaojin, commander of the Special Brigade, Zheng Minxin, commander of the regiment, Wang Tongyu, Tian Jinfu, Li Deshun, Qin Deli, Wang Zhaoren, Du Yuequan...
Since the invasion of the Wokou, the anti-Japanese flames have been lit throughout the country. Huawen is equal to the early stage of the anti-Japanese resistance, and it is no different from the rebellion. He was fooled by Chiang Kai-shek's policy of saving the country, lost his national position, and made a big mistake. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the people suffered great pain, but they were ignorant of the great righteousness, they were again deceived by Chiang Kai-shek, they participated in the anti-communist and anti-people civil war, they made mistakes again and again, their sins were deep, and they were ashamed and repentant at night. On September 19, he led all the officers and men to resolutely revolt in the Battlefield of Jinan, trying to redeem the loss of ability and go to the bright road.
This sound stirred the water of the Yellow River, which was flowing eastward, shook the mountains and mountains of Jinan's chengshan mountains and mountains that had not yet exhausted the smoke of gunfire, and also summoned thousands of unjust souls before the battle.
On the one hand, it is a painful repentance, and on the other hand, it is a heartfelt recognition. Chen Yi, Zhang Yunyi, Su Yu, and others of the East China Liberation Army sent a telegram to Wu Huawen and all the officers and men: The uprising of your army on the front line in Jinan not only found a road of time and shade for all the commanders of your army, but also pointed out a bright road to the officers and men of the Kuomintang army throughout the country.
Zhu De, commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army, sent a telegram: Your determination to stand on the stand of the people and to fight to expel the aggressive forces of US imperialism and to overthrow the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang deserves the warm welcome of the people of the whole country.
Chairman Mao sent a telegram: Your military commander and others led the uprising, issued a telegram, and were determined to participate in the cause of people's liberation, which was extremely gratifying. This uprising, such as your commanders, is in line with the hopes of the people and can be deeply celebrated. It is still hoped that the whole army will unite, strive for progress, improve the relations between officers and soldiers and between the military and the people, and strive for the victory of the revolutionary war in the whole country.
The Wu Huawen uprising became a fact. In the early morning of September 20, Su Yu got up from his camp bed, excitedly walked to the table, and personally sent a telegram to the military and political leaders of the 10th, 3rd, Guangzhong, and Shandong Corps of the siege group:
Since Wu Huawen had revolted, and our army had completely controlled the positions west (including the airfield) to the west of the commercial port (including the airport), and the positions in the southwest and east and southeast of the city (only the Enemy was still firmly defended in Qianfoshan, Ma'anshan, Silishan and other places), the war situation could develop rapidly, and it was hoped that the various departments would launch an attack in the current situation with 3rd, 10th, and 13rd columns.
Wu Huawen revolted, tearing open a large hole in Wang Yaowu's western defensive area, speeding up the attack speed of our siege troops, forcing Wang Yaowu to hurriedly adjust the defensive forces. In shock, Chiang Kai-shek and the Nanjing Ministry of National Defense urged their reinforcements from the South Road to advance north.
Wu Huawen's defection caught Wang Yaowu off guard, and Wang Yaowu, who had always been unfazed by the incident, also became confused. The withdrawal of Wuhua's Ministry of Culture was like a large opening on the embankment of the Yellow River, and thousands of people's liberation army rushed forward like the angry yellow river water, and no force could stop it.
Wang Yaowu's determination to hold Jinan was shaken, and he ordered in a decadent manner: "Send a report, to Nanjing, to Xuzhou: Wu Huawen led his troops to surrender to the Communists, Jinan was attacked on its belly, and the situation deteriorated, can we break through to the north in one fell swoop?" ”
After the telegram was sent, Wang Yaowu regretted that he had told chief of staff, Roxinli: "It was not President Chiang Kai-shek's intention to break through, and it would make him feel that I had lost confidence in holding firm." Alas, no, no. ”
However, he quickly made a decision: "Chief of Staff, the current deployment should be to reduce the position, concentrate the troops, focus on the city, stick to the city walls, take the Thousand Buddha Mountain, SiliShan, Qilu University, and the outer city of the commercial port as the stronghold, and leave small troops on the outer line to garrison and delay time to wait for reinforcements." Xin Li, what do you think of me? ”
"As things stand, that's the way we are, that's how we deploy," Rosinley said. ”
Wang Yaowu informed Liu Bingkun, commander of the 172nd Regiment of the reorganized 74th Division, who had been airlifted, to quickly meet him at the headquarters building of the "Sui District."
The east is white, and the dawn of September 20 has arrived. Chiang Kai-shek called wirelessly from Nanjing: "Zuomin? ”
His voice sounded like on a distant planet, but it was still clear: "Wu Huawen Threw me to know, this person is unreliable, I was going to kill that year." But they intercede, and you also intercede, and it is you who raise tigers for trouble! Well, regardless of him, the most important thing is that you have to strengthen your faith. Now you have to shrink your position and hold out for help: I have rushed through the stars and nights to relieve the siege of Jinan. ”
Wang Yaowu immediately said: "I resolutely follow the principal's orders and lead the soldiers to coexist and die with the position!" Wang Yaowu, who had eaten Chiang Kai-shek thoroughly, knew that he could only pass the pass by saying this.
At this time, the chief of the operations department reported to Wang Yaowu that Liu Bingkun, the commander of the 172nd Regiment, had been ordered to come.
Wang Yaowu said, "Please! ”
As soon as Liu Bingkun entered the command room, he asked for battle: "Commander Wang, please grant our regiment a task!" ”
Wang Yaowu said: "Wu rebelled and defected, and the situation in Jinan deteriorated even more. I have ordered the contraction of the position, and just now I received a phone call from President Chiang Kai-shek, telling me to stand firm and wait for help. I invite you to come and entrust you with a heavy task to lead all the officers and men of the regiment to hold the post and telecommunications building. I hope that you will set an example for the defending army, fight to the last person, and never take a step back! ”
Liu Bingkun said: "This time the regiment was airlifted to Jinan and was looking for an opportunity to repay the party-state. I Liu Bingkun will never fail to live up to The cultivation of Commander Wang for many years, and vow to fight with the communist army to the point of one soldier and one pawn! ”
Wang Yaowu took out a short sword from the drawer of his large writing desk, held it in both hands, handed it to Liu Bingkun, and said, "This short sword was given to me by President Jiang himself." Among the Jinan defenders, the 172nd Regiment was my old unit. I am sure you will not disappoint me, and I will always keep an eye on the Post and Telecommunications Building! ”
Liu Bingkun knelt down on both knees, took the "Zhongzheng Sword" awarded by Wang Yaowu, suddenly pulled it out, and pierced his fingers with the blade of the sword. Blood dripped on the carpet.
Liu Bingkun resolutely said: "All this blood on my body is ready to be spilled on the post and telecommunications building!" Please commander remember that my hometown is Changsha, Hunan! "Say it, turn around and walk away."
He Yingqin, minister of national defense in Nanjing, sent an urgent telegram: Commander Wang of the Headquarters on 20 September: First, on the evening of September 19, Commander Wang sent a telegram to wuhua to join the communists, and the Defenders of Jinan were attacked on their backs. Second, the headquarters should adjust its deployment at the right time, resolutely hold firm, and order the air force to assist in the battle and throw bomb food.
This is the "after-the-horse cannon" that Wang Yaowu had long anticipated. He dismissively tossed the telegram aside. A few hours later, another telegram came: Commander Wang of the Headquarters on September 20: Wu Hua's Ministry of Culture defected to the Communists, forcing our army to retreat to the new and old cities. Special General Chen Mingren's method of guarding Siping Street was requested for the reference of Commander Wang. Here's how:
First, the defenders were directly equipped at all key points in the whole area of the urban area; second, the defenders at each point stipulated that they would hold until one shot and one bullet and never retreat; third, the people in the urban areas, except for the strong and strong recruits to replenish casualties, the old, weak, women and children were evacuated and retreated; fourth, the areas where the communists and ourselves were demarcated were marked with obvious signs to facilitate large-scale bombing by the air force.
Wang Yaowu read the telegram and said to his chief of staff, Luo Xinli: "Siping is not a complete victory for the Nationalist army, how can I follow the example of Jinan?" Last night, after I ordered the adjustment of the deployment of the troops, our army cleared the firing line in order to fight, and many houses inside and outside the city were once again destroyed in the fire, and the people were already complaining, how will we go to force the strong Ding? Hmmm, where does the Ministry of Defense know our grievances? ”
While Wang Yaowu was trying his best to save the crisis, he was also secretly planning to escape. Neither the nationalist generals who defended the city nor the officers who fought against the PLA believed that their commander had secretly sneaked out of the north of the city on the night of September 20 and was blocked by the PLA. Only when he says it himself will people believe it.
Here was a recollection of his capture: I saw the situation worse, the army demoralized and demoralized. It was believed that even if Wu Huawen did not revolt, it would be difficult to hold on, and instead of waiting in Jinan to be captured, it would be better to go first. Therefore, I once wanted to go north through the Luokou Bridge, but because the People's Liberation Army surrounded Jinan like an iron barrel, I could not get out.
This is a period of self-mockery by Wang Yaowu, a self-disclosure under the situation of "the general of the defeated army, how dare he speak bravely".
However, Chairman Mao in Xibaipo had already included Wang Yaowu's breakthrough in his planning. On September 20, he sent a telegram to Su Yu and others:
After The Wu Huawen Uprising, our army further attacked the city, and when the most emergency situation was reached, Wang Yaowu was likely to lead his henchmen to break through and flee to Tianjin or Qingdao or Linyi. In terms of deployment, you must anticipate such a possible situation and arrange it in all aspects so that the enemy will not slip through the net and achieve the goal of total annihilation.
When Su Yu recalled the Battle of Jinan in his later years, he was extremely impressed by Chairman Mao's ability to see and sighed: "Chairman Mao's telegram is a stroke of God, which completely cut off Wang Yaowu's opportunity to escape, and enabled my Huaye generals to prepare in advance and completely annihilate the Jinan defenders." ”
In accordance with Chairman Mao's instructions, the headquarters of the East China Field Army ordered the 11th Column to advance from Qufu to laiwu, Xintai, Mengyin, and Linyi, the 6th column from Zou County and Surabaya to Xintai, and the Northern Jiangsu Corps to send a column to the Mengyin area to form three lines of defense in order to intercept the enemy who broke through. In addition, the main force of the 1st Column was moved between Jining and Yanzhou; the East China Military Region also made arrangements to the military regions at the same time to prevent the enemy from breaking through.
This is a vast and tight network of heaven and earth. No wonder Su Yu reported to the Central Military Commission that no matter where Wang Yaowu broke through, "it will be difficult to escape, please rest assured." ”
When Wang Yaowu's army on the western front began to attack the commercial port, he moved his headquarters to the provincial government.
Wang Yaowu's headquarters was moved in the fierce gunfire around him. As soon as the wires were put up, urgent calls came from all directions. Chiang Kai-shek also sent an urgent telegram from Nanjing, and Wang Yaowu read it off, that is, ordered a meeting of officers at and above the brigade level to be convened overnight.
It was a meeting of generals of the Nationalist army defending the city. The lights were dim and the faces of the attendees were gray.
When Wang Yaowu saw that the people had arrived, he stood up and said in a low tone, "Inviting you all to come overnight is to convey President Jiang's instructions. Before conveying, commander Ben also said a few words. Since the beginning of the war in Jinan, the nationalist army defending the city has fought hard with the communist army for several days under the leadership of all the supervisors, and although our army suffered heavy casualties, it also inflicted heavy losses on the communist army. Wu Huawen plotted a rebellion, thus giving setbacks to the western front of our army. ”
"Thank you for putting the interests of the party and the state first and persisting in resisting in this unfavorable situation. However, the communist offensive became more and more ferocious. Although President Chiang Kai-shek has repeatedly ordered reinforcements to go north, they are hundreds of miles away from Jidu, and it is difficult to reach them in time. According to this, only the national army that relies on us to defend the city can fight alone. We have had this meeting, and I am afraid that it will be difficult to meet again, and we expect you all to act in accordance with the President's telegram. Chief of Staff, please read out the Presidential Telegram. ”
At this point, all the generals present stood up. Luo Xin philosophy: Zuo Min Disciple Jian: Wu rebelled, things happened very much, and it hurt to hear it. Chen Mingren guarded Siping Street, knowing that it could not be guarded, and several northeastern provinces relied on it for preservation. Jinan is in North China, and Siping is also in several northeastern provinces, strategic places, must be firmly held, and all kinds of reinforcements have made rapid progress at the same time.
When Rosin said it, people looked at each other with a cold look. There was neither the usual rigid dogmatic and generous statements, nor the usual provocative remarks such as "Fight to the death with the communists," and the generals smoked fiercely and looked around in frustration, without saying a word. The meeting was silently dispersed.
Following Chiang Kai-shek's urgent telegram, General Gu Zhutong, chief of staff, sent a telegram to Wang Yaowu and ordered him to "stick to the aid," and then General Liu Zhi, the "general of the suppression of xuzhou," also ordered him to stick to the aid.
When Wang Yaowu received these telegrams, he complained: "All ordered me to stick to it, I am stubborn, and where are their reinforcements?" ”
Wang Yaowu knew in his heart that those promises of "sticking to his guns and waiting for help" were just lies that deceived him into sticking to his death.
I am afraid that the only one who really wants to relieve the siege of Jinan is Chiang Kai-shek. From the jinan war, there were so many military and political leaders in Nanjing, only he watched the development of the war situation day and night, and he actually became a front-line commander.
He often angrily dumped the Ministry of National Defense and the Xuzhou Commandery and went directly to command jinan's 100,000 defenders. In order to aid Jinan in the north, he repeatedly issued strict orders, but Xuzhou was slow to move.
Chiang Kai-shek summoned Gu Zhutong to the presidential residence and was furious: "Our failure lies in the fact that some generals are too selfish. One side has fallen into a bitter battle with the communist army, while the other side is dead and cannot be saved. If you don't listen, you won't listen to me! Your Ministry of National Defense must issue another strict order, Qiu Qingquan's 2 Corps, Li Mi's 13 Corps, and Sun Yuanliang's 16 Corps, all under the command of Du Yuming, and they must arrive before the fall of Jinan! ”
Gu Zhutong obeyed Chiang Kai-shek's orders and quickly ordered the commanders of all military divisions: the Jinan garrison, to be at a critical juncture of survival. This decisive battle has a bearing on the ownership of the Central Plains, and is the basis for the success or failure of our suppression of the Communists, so we have electrified to boost morale, and the main points are as follows:
First, all units should scrupulously abide by orders, act quickly, maintain close ties, respond to each other's assistance, form local superiority, and fight a decisive battle against the enemy; second, they should strictly supervise their units to have the conviction of victory and the determination to fight with each other to the end.
The telegram was not only harsh and severe, but also overflowed with a deeply resentful hostility. He had come up with the same killing spirit that had persecuted the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui.
But when these telegrams reached Du Yuming's hands, it was a different experience. When Du Yuming went to Jiji to discuss the battle plan with Wang Yaowu and Luo Xinli before the First World War in Jinan, that attitude was still fresh in Wang Yaowu's memory.
He emphasized "sticking to it" and did not advocate increasing troops. To put it bluntly, the communist army beat you, where do I care about you? The communists are going to hit me on the head and you come to my rescue?
Du Yuming was ready to wait for the People's Liberation Army that besieged Jinan to suffer heavy casualties and exhaustion before sending troops to rescue them and gaining a little benefit from the fishermen. Now, since President Chiang Kai-shek had strictly ordered him to supervise, he had no choice but to issue an order to advance north. However, his troops were deeply afraid of being annihilated by the main force of the People's Liberation Army, which was waiting in a tight position, and the speed of advance was like an old cow pulling a broken car.
Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, and Su Yu of Huaye in Xibaipo had long been quietly watching Chiang Kai-shek's move. The whole mystery of "attacking and fighting aid" is here.
Chairman Mao immediately telegraphed Hua Ye: Liu Zhi had ordered Qiu Qingquan's corps to assemble in Lincheng to be ready for help, and Jinxiang, Chengwu, and Cao Counties only used small units to manipulate and confuse our army. Therefore, you should quickly assemble the reinforcement corps and go all out in the Zouten area to prepare to annihilate it. The siege task was to be filled by the existing troops, and Ye Fei's column should not participate in the attack. With Sun Yuanliang's corps transporting Shangqiu, he invaded southwest Lu and attacked our flanks and backs; Huang Wei's 12th Corps may also follow Sun Yuanliang's army to continue to advance.
Su Yu said to Chen Shiyu, "Chief of Staff Chen, please talk about the situation in Jinan. ”
Chen Shiyu said: "Since the uprising of wuhua wenbu on the evening of the 19th, I have occupied the area west of the commercial port, and the airfield has been completely controlled by me. However, the barracks of the army were occupied by Wang Yaowu's entire 2nd Division, and I was under attack in the 3rd Column. The 13th column has entered the commercial port from the south side of the suburbs to the north, but the 10th column is blocked by the power grid, and progress is slow. On the eastern front, our army is close to the city wall and is preparing to attack the city. Tonight the siege corps decided to attack the commercial port in general. According to the above situation, it seems possible to capture Jicheng with the existing troops, so it should be blocked with all efforts to block the reinforcements. ”
After Zhang Zhen and Chen Shiyu reported on the situation on the northern and southern fronts, Su Yu clearly stated his thinking and troop deployment.
General Headquarters of the Siege Corps. A busy, tense and sleepless campaign headquarters. Xu Shiyou, the commander-in-chief of the siege, talked about the scene more than 30 years later, and his memory is still clear:
On the 20th, the sky was light, and the Western Front Group occupied the position west of the commercial port. Because our various units fought quickly and fiercely, the panic and passivity of the enemy were aggravated. Wang Yaowu hastily shrunk some of the troops in the periphery into the city, and in a panic, he tried his best to stabilize the troops and adjust the deployment of the defensive city. Under such circumstances, we must continue to make surprise attacks, and we must not allow the enemy to have a chance to breathe. In addition to the Eastern Front Corps continuing to eliminate the remnants of the enemy outside the city and actively making preparations for the siege, I ordered the Western Front Group to attack the commercial port that night. In the case that Wu Huawen had already withdrawn from the battlefield and a large opening had been torn open on the western front, in order to make full use of this favorable fighter and strengthen the assault force for capturing the commercial port, we decided to put the main force of the 13th Column of the Corps General Reserve into the Western Front Group for combat.
Wang Yaowu was indeed not an incompetent person. In the situation of emptiness and turmoil on the Western Front, he completed the redeployment of the defenders on the Western Front in a short period of time and quickly restored his combat effectiveness.
Contrary to the decadence and turmoil of the Kuomintang defenders, Wu Huawen's uprising added a burning fire to the very strong combat effectiveness of our army.
On September 20, Zhou Zhijian, commander of the 13th Column, was ecstatic when he received the order to attack, grabbed the phone to call the commander of the 37th Division, and his tone was full of confidence, firmness and sternness: "The siege corps orders me to attack the enemy of the commercial port with the brother column, and I order you to lead the 37th Division from Xinzhuang into the commercial port, make a breakthrough to the two kazimen of the Seventh Road, and then attack the outer city along the Seventh Road!" ”
At the same time, Song Shilun ordered the 3rd Column and the 10th Column under his direct command to tens of thousands of horses and horses to launch an attack on the commercial port at the same time.
Located in the west district of Jinan City, the commercial port was one of Wang Yaowu's basic defensive positions. More than 3,000 pillboxes, bunkers and artillery firing positions, tens of thousands of perforations, were connected into a solid defense line 10 miles deep.
twilight. Looking at the commercial port from the Qinglong Mountain, under the afterglow of the sunset, it is a blood color. At 18:00, the artillery fire of the siege troops roared at the Nationalist defenders of the shangbu within a 10-mile radius, and the earth was shaking. The shangbu defenders struggled under Wang Yaowu's strict orders.
The 109th Regiment made a fierce attack on Xinzhuang Xikazimen; the 110th Regiment attacked Xinzhuang Dongkazimen.
These two units were the main forces that grew up in Jiaodong during the War of Resistance Against Japan and experienced hundreds of battles. They worked day and night, all the way to the blast assault, attacking and advancing. The morning sun rose quietly in the fierce battle, and a new day began.
In the field headquarters of the 13th Column, Commander Zhou Zhijian continued to receive reports on the situation of the battle: The regiments of the 38th Division, which served as the 2nd echelon, entered the commercial port at 21:00 on the 20th, advanced eastward along the ninth road and the 10th road, and entered the vicinity of Qilu University.
At 12 o'clock on the 21st, the 2nd Battalion of our 111th Regiment was ordered to cooperate with friendly neighbors and attack the provincial hospital to defend the enemy. The 4th Company of the battalion moved flexibly, when the frontal blast failed to work, quickly moved to the right, used the house to meet the enemy, climbed the wall, first broke the enemy's communication trench connection, then jumped into the courtyard, used grenades to eliminate the enemy in the bunker, then opened the gate, received all the 2 battalions to enter, and by 15:00 the battle was over, annihilating a regiment of the enemy's 211th Brigade and capturing more than 1,000 enemy people.
At noon on the 21st, Zhou Zhijian reported to Xu Shiyou of the siege headquarters by telephone: "I am Zhou Zhijian, is it Commander Xu?" I report to you: As of now, our 13th Column has completely annihilated the Kuomintang defenders in the division of labor combat area; our main force has reached the outer city of Jinan and occupied the position on the line from Yongsuimen to Qilu University, and the troops are actively preparing to attack the outer city. ”
Xu Shiyou was overjoyed, saying that he immediately reported to Commander Huayesu: "Please give you Zhou Zhijian a head!" ”
At this time, the bomber groups of the Kuomintang army flew over Jinan in batches, dropped bombs on the military targets they had demarcated, and threw large bags of supplies into the open space in the city and the water surface of Daming Lake.
If it can be said that before September 19 of the Wu Huawen uprising, the eastern and western groups of our army besieging the city had not yet invested all their men and horses in battle, then the situation after 19 days accelerated the pace of action of the 140,000 troops of the siege force. Our army's offensive is like gushing magma, sweeping through the obstacles made of steel and flesh, rushing from all directions to jinan city, destroying the decay. There is no longer any power to stop it.