The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was China's war for the founding of the country, and some people may be prejudiced against it, but have you ever thought about it, if China does not confront the US military hard, can today's China concentrate on the economy? This war not only gave China an international standing, but also won an environment for China to develop peacefully for decades.
In the large and small battles of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, there were also battles in which the volunteers lost, among which White Horse Mountain was a defeated battle.
Baima Mountain was a very strategic position in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, with two high positions, 394.8 heights and 281.2 heights, which were mainly defended by the 9th Division of the ROK Army and confronted the 38th Army at Xiangli Beishan.
The Volunteer Army that charged into the battle Picture comes from the Internet
Since the 42nd Army "planted its heels" at The White Horse Mountain, after the 38th Army and the 42nd Army changed their defenses, the 38th Army must get its face back. The 38th Army is an ace unit, known as the "Long Live army", which can fight hard battles and win battles. The foundation of the 38th Army is very thick, it is a unit personally cultivated by Marshal Peng Dehuai, and it has just changed its Soviet-style equipment, and its combat effectiveness is booming, and the newly appointed army, Jiang Yonghui, is also a commander and fighter with both ability and political integrity, both military and political excellence, a general who is a constant victory, and a tiger general.
General Jiang Yonghui The picture comes from the Internet
In August 1952, Jiang Yonghui's 38th Army received orders from the headquarters of the Volunteer Army."
In order to cooperate with the operations before the change of defense of the support units, and to crush the local attacks that the enemy may launch, so as to improve the combat experience of the troops, it was decided that the 38th Army would carry out a tactical counterattack against the enemy on the 394.8 and 281.2 heights, and kill and injure more than 5,000 enemy people in the counterattack, and then strive to capture and consolidate them. ”
The image of the volunteer army stills comes from the Internet
Among them, the 394.8 and 281.2 highlands are the commanding heights in the White Horse Mountain, the east side of the White Horse Mountain is an endless plain, the strategic location is very important, if the 38th Army can occupy the White Horse Mountain, for our army, whether it is defensive or offensive, it is advantageous.
Jiang Yonghui of the 38th Army attached great importance to this campaign, trained troops in advance, and prepared a large amount of combat materials.
Soldiers on the Battlefield Picture comes from the Internet
A cultural instructor of the 7th Company of the 340th Regiment of the 114th Division of the 38th Army defected, and although this person was a "sesame officer," he still grasped a lot of the strategic deployment and army situation of our army.
This "sesame officer" is a cultural teacher named
Tanaka Jiao,
He was not a battle-hardened warrior. The cultural instructor is responsible for cultural work in the army, less than the last resort, there is no need to go to the battlefield, for the greedy and afraid of death, it is quite good to be a cultural instructor, but this person's utilitarianism is still relatively heavy, he believes that being a cultural instructor has no opportunity for promotion and meritorious service, so he signed up for the commando team of the third battalion of the 340th regiment of the 114th Division. In his mind, he only gilded himself in this way, and he didn't really want to charge.
Traitor Gu Zhongjiao The picture comes from the Internet
What he did not expect was that this commando team became the first team to attack the local position, and for Tanaka Jiao, he regretted it a lot, he was afraid of death, he did not want to be in a different place, but he did not dare to oppose, saying that he did not dare to go to war, so he moved his mind.
What crooked mind did he move? He told the company commander that he was going to investigate the enemy situation and wanted to make a contribution. What people did not expect was that Yan Zhongjiao took advantage of the opportunity of reconnaissance and quietly went to the Korean army position to surrender voluntarily. The ROK army was also very surprised, the ROK army fought with our army many times, and saw countless volunteers who were not afraid of sacrifice bravely moving forward and fighting recklessly, and it was seen that The Valley Jiao, who was greedy for life and afraid of death, quickly alarmed the top level of the ROK army.
The ROK army immediately interrogated Gu Zhongjiao, who had originally taken the initiative to surrender, and YanAka Jiao took the initiative to give a lot of information to our army, one of which was very crucial, that is, our army was preparing to attack Baima Mountain, and said some plans.
Although Tanaka Jiao did not know much about the plan, he took the initiative to surrender, so that the "surprise attack" of our army became zero, and it was difficult to play an unexpected effect. At this time, the Roktan army immediately called for the US army to come to support, and they all knew the importance of the white horse mountain position. The United States brought in numerous heavy weapons and carpet-bombed the volunteers.
In the Battle of White Horse Mountain, the US military dispatched 669 sorties of aircraft during the day and 76 sorties at night, dropping more than 2,700 bombs of various types, 358 napalm bombs, and firing 750 5-inch rocket teams at volunteer positions. At the same time, the US-ROK coalition army used large-scale tanks and anti-aircraft artillery as a way to prevent the volunteer army from dispersing the attack, coupled with the support of the US air force, 24 exchanges in 10 days, and the US and ROK coalition forces still held their positions. During the campaign, the U.S.-ROK coalition fired a total of 185,000 shells, and the volunteers fired a total of 55,000 rounds.
The traitor Tanaka Jiao originally wanted to join Korea, but was rejected, the traitor was not likable anywhere, after the war, he ran to Taiwan, wanted to join the Kuomintang government, married and did not get reused, and ended his shameful life.
In the Battle of White Horse Mountain, the casualties of our army were more than 5300 people, and the number of casualties of the Rok army was 9800, and they all knew the virtues of the Koreans, and they did not recognize that the battle suffered more than 9800 casualties. But for the volunteers, the casualties of the volunteers were indeed a not small number, because of a traitor, thousands of volunteers were killed.
Although the volunteer army lost in this battle, it did not change the vigor of the volunteer army, and later in the Battle of Shangganling, it bravely defeated the US and South Korean forces. The defeat of White Horse Mountain did not affect the honorary title of "Long Live the Army" of the 38th Army.
It is worth mentioning that the chief of staff of the South Korean 9th Division, which was inseparable from the volunteer army, was Park Chung-hee, who later became
President of the Republic of Korea
。 The 9th Division was known as the "White Horse Unit" by the Koreans and became an honorary unit of the Korean Army.
Park Chung-hee The picture comes from the Internet
The Battle of Baima Mountain was the last battle of the 38th Army, because the later Battle of Shangganling was too famous, covering up the outcome of the Defeat of the Battle of Baima Mountain. In 1953, the Rok 9th Division participated in the last battle of the Korean War, the Battle of Kimseong, when it was defeated by the 24th Army of the Volunteer Army, ending its military operations in Korea.
Victory or defeat is a common affair, the defeat of a battle will not cover up its glorious history, we as descendants, there is no reason to blame why the 38th Army lost, but we have reason to hate traitors.