Among the many generals of the Kuomintang army, there was a general with a relatively special experience, who did not have any real talent and practical learning, nor did he make too many military achievements, but he was valued by Chiang Kai-shek and became the first division commander, the first military commander, and the first theater commander in Huangpusheng, and this person was Hu Zongnan.
Tianzi protégé
Hu Zongnan
Born in Zhejiang
Zhenhai, graduated from the Huangpu Phase I, from this point of view, in line with Chiang Kai-shek's employment standards, the speed of promotion will naturally not be slow. Hu Zongnan worked as a primary school teacher in his early years and later as a newspaper reporter.
In 1924, Hu Zongnan went to Huzhou, Zhejiang Province, to join the Einsatzgruppen, and dai Kasa and the Axe Gang helped Wang Yaqiao yi tie up Jinlan. After the Einsatzgruppen was disbanded, Hu Zongnan went to apply for the Whampoa Military Academy. The chief examiner of Hu Zongnan's initial examination in Shanghai was Mao Zedong, and at this juncture, Hu Zongnan quickly passed.
But when the re-examination was conducted in Guangzhou, Hu Zongnan was not selected, because Hu Zongnan was too short, less than one meter six, and the examiner said to him unceremoniously: "You are not a soldier at all." Hu Zongnan cried on the spot, crying and shouting:
Why don't you let me join the revolution, what's wrong with being short, Napoleon's height is not tall, how can the National Revolution judge people by their appearance? ”
At this time, Liao Zhongkai, a party representative of the Whampoa Military Academy, passed by and said to Hu Zongnan: "This classmate, I approve you to take the exam. Immediately wrote a note: "Country."
The people's revolution is in urgent need of a large number of talents. As long as you are in good health and in good health, there is no problem with being short.
With the note given by Liao Zhongkai, Hu Zongnan took the cultural examination and was successfully admitted to the First Phase of Huangpu.
After graduation, Hu Zongnan participated in the First Crusade against Chen Jiongming's Battle of Cotton Lake, as well
pacify
Yang Ximin
、
Liu Zhenhuan
Rebellion, and later the Northern Expedition. Chiang Kai-shek attached great importance to this fellow countryman, and in May 1927, Hu Zongnan was promoted to the rank of fellow countryman
Major General of the 1st Division of the 1st Army and commander of the 2nd Regiment, became the first general of the Kuomintang Whampoa Department students, and later served as the commander of the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Division of the Army. In 1931, Hu Zongnan was promoted to lieutenant general of the 1st Division and began to establish his own military system.
On April 21, 1936, the Executive Yuan appointed Hu Zongnan as the commander of the 1st Army.
After the Outbreak of the Battle of Songhu, Hu Zongnan served as the official
Commander of the 17th Army, he was the first commander of the Whampoa students. During the Battle of Songhu, Hu Zongnan's First Army suffered heavy casualties, and almost all the Huangpu officers at the grass-roots level were killed. Later, Hu Zongnan participated in the Battle of Lanfeng and the Battle of Wuhan, but his performance was not good.
On January 14, 1939, Hu Zongnan was appointed deputy commander-in-chief of the 34th Group Army; on August 4, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the 34th Group Army
Whampoa
The commander-in-chief of the 1st Army Group was a student. On July 23, 1942, Hu Zongnan was promoted to the 8th Theater of Operations (
Zhu Shaoliang
Deputy Commander-in-Chief and Commander-in-Chief of the 34th Army, holding real power in the Eighth Theater,
Tunbing to the northwest, blockaded and invaded the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, and was known as the "King of the Northwest".
In July 1945, Hu Zongnan served as the commander of the 1st Theater, becoming the only theater commander among the huangpu students, at this time the units under the command of the 1st Theater had 5 group armies and 25 armies, with a total strength of 500,000 troops, and their influence was distributed to Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Henan, and southeastern Jin.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Hu Zongnan held the most elite units of the Kuomintang army in his hands, but he never supported other theaters, nor did he engage in many fierce battles with the Japanese army, but instead kept blocking and invading the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and creating friction. But in this way, Hu Zongnan rose steadily and became the highest-ranking general in Huangpusheng, known as Chiang Kai-shek's "Tianzi protégé." ”
The ability is so poor that it is suspected of being an underground party
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Nationalist army was reorganized, and Hu Zongnan was appointed director of the Xi'an Appeasement Office, with more than 200,000 elite troops of the Nationalist army equipped with American weapons. At that time, Peng Dehuai cobbled together the troops in the border areas to form the Northwest Field Army, which was only more than 20,000 people in total, and the equipment was rudimentary and the combat effectiveness was poor. Due to the disparity in strength between the enemy and us, Hu Zongnan once led his troops to occupy Yan'an and the entire border area, but in the following battles, Hu Zongnan was repeatedly defeated.
In March 1947, the 31st Brigade of the Kuomintang Army was annihilated at most of Qinghua, and the brigade commander Li Jiyun was captured. In May, the 167th Brigade was completely annihilated at Panlong, the brigade commander Li Kungang was captured, and many of the strategic materials of The Dragon became the trophy of the Platon Army. In June, the reorganized 36th Division was completely destroyed at Shajiadian, and the division commander Zhong Song escaped in disguise.
In October 1947, the reorganized 76th Division was completely annihilated, the division commander Liao Ang was captured, and by December, most of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region had been retaken by the People's Liberation Army. In February 1948, the People's Liberation Army heavily besieged Yichuan, the throat of Guanzhong, and Hu Zongnan ordered the reinforcement of the reorganized 29th Army, which resulted in the encirclement of the unit at Wazi Street, and by March 1, the reorganized 29th Army was completely annihilated, the commander of the Lieutenant General Liu Jie blew himself up and killed, and the commander of the reorganized 90th Division, Yan Ming, was killed.
Whether it is strength, weapons and equipment or logistical support, Hu Zongnan's troops have the advantage, especially in terms of troop strength, Hu Zongnan's troops are more than ten times that of the Northwest Field Army led by Peng Dehuai
。 But it was such a huge disparity, Hu Zongnan was repeatedly defeated, the Northwest Field Army gradually developed and grew, and Hu Zongnan's ability was so poor that others suspected that he was an underground party.
But Hu Zongnan is really not an underground party, his
The confidential secretary Xiong Xianghui is the underground party. Xiong Xianghui was born into a prestigious family, his father Xiong Xiling is a modern Chinese educator, industrialist, in 1923 Yuan Shikai period, served as the prime minister of the cabinet, has a great reputation.
In January 1936, Xiong Xianghui secretly joined the Communist Party of China at Tsinghua University. At this time, Hu Zongnan was networking young talents everywhere, and Zhou Enlai sent Xiong Xianghui to approach Hu Zongnan.
Before leaving, Zhou Enlai and Dong Biwu sent Xiong Xianghui eight words:
Don't go into the tiger's den, get the tiger
。 Because he was born into a famous family, he was familiar with Sun Yat-sen's Three People's Principles and the theory of the Communist Party, so he was deeply valued by Hu Zongnan, who also sent him to the Central Military Academy to study.
In 1939, Xiong Xianghui served after graduating from the Central Military Academy
Hu Zongnan's aide-de-camp and confidential secretary became Hu Zongnan's cronies, responsible for handling confidential documents and daily affairs, and drafting speeches. In 1943, Hu Zongnan's blitzkrieg against Yan'an was revealed by Xiong Xianghui. During the Liberation War, it was also Xiong Xianghui who constantly revealed information to the Northwest Field Army.
Mao Zedong praised Xiong Xianghui, saying that he alone could top several divisions.
Fled to Taiwan
In May 1949, with the liberation of Xi'an and Baoji, Hu Zongnan had to lead the remnants
He fled Hanzhong and left the northwest. After retiring to Sichuan, Hu Zongnan was appointed as the Office of the Military and Political Governor of the Southwest (西军政官官).
Gu Zhutong
Deputy Chief and Chief of Staff, acting as military and political officer.
After Hu Zongnan fled to Sichuan, there were nominally eight corps with more than 400,000 troops, but most of them were newly formed units, which were not strong in combat effectiveness and morale were very low. Hu Zongnan did not want to defend the southwest at that time, but Chiang Kai-shek thought that the southwest was very important.
Hoping to build the great southwest into a forward base for a future counter-offensive on the mainland, Hu Zongnan repeatedly asked to lead his troops to evacuate, but Chiang Kai-shek only gave him four words: "Chengdu decisive battle." ”
March 1950,
The People's Liberation Army is approaching
Xichang Airport
Hu Zongnan handed over the command of the remaining 60,000 troops to the chief of staff and quietly fled to Taiwan himself, and the remnants of his troops were either annihilated by the People's Liberation Army or surrendered in the uprising. The Kuomintang war criminals who were being held at the Gongdelin War Criminals Management Center at that time were very shocked when they learned that the Great Southwest had also been lost, and Huang Wei scolded: "
Hu Zongnan, that is a loser. ”
After Hu Zongnan ran to Taiwan, he was immediately impeached by the procuratorate, but under the protection of Chiang Kai-shek, Chen Cheng, Gu Zhutong, Chiang Ching-kuo and other people, Hu Zongnan was not punished too much, and Chiang Kai-shek continued to entrust him with heavy responsibilities. In 1955, Hu Zongnan was also promoted to the rank of second-class general of the Army, serving as the commander of the Penghu Defensive Command.
); }
[Burning] Genuine Chiang Kai-shek's biography of a lifelong legend of a historical figure cannot be missed
￥79
purchase