An underground party in the northeast that persisted until 1945
He inspected the headquarters of the Sixth Army of the Fifth Dalianchi Anti-Japanese Coalition before taking up his post.
I went to the area of Wudalianchi to interview about the history of the Anti-Japanese League, made friends with local literary historians, and inevitably became curious about the War of Resistance in their local area.
The result began a topic - which red anti-Japanese armed forces first reached the vicinity of Wudalianchi? Traditionally, it should have been in 1937 that the Third Army of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army led by Zhao Shangzhi annihilated the Japanese army's troops at the foot of Longmen Mountain, and these Japanese "loyal soul monuments" are still placed in the park of Kofu, Japan.
However, the result of the examination now is that in 1932, a red anti-Japanese armed force came to Yi'an, Tongbei and other places near Wudalianchi, which was the Jiangbei Independent Division of the 36th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army led by Zhang Jiazhou and Zhao Shangzhi.
Is there still the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army in the northeast? Not surprisingly, Zhang Jiazhou's unit was the Red Army.
Zhang Jiazhou, a native of Bayan, Heilongjiang Province, a red student cadre of peking university and Tsinghua university, joined the Communist Party of China in 1930, acted as the secretary of the Beiping Municipal Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, returned to his hometown after the September 18 Incident, and established an anti-Japanese guerrilla group in Bayan in April 1932, which was the first relatively large-scale anti-Japanese armed force established by the Leadership of the Communist Party of China in northeast China.
This unit successively captured Bayan, Dongxing, and Weizhen Baishan Heishui, and was later ordered to be reorganized into the Jiangbei Independent Division of the 36th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, with Zhang Jiazhou as the commander and division commander, and immediately marched west in accordance with the instructions of the Manchurian Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, trying to join Deng Wen and Li Haiqing with Ma Zhanshan's troops and plan to retake Harbin, Qiqihar, and other cities. At the end of 1932, the expedition reached the "Western Wilderness", the area west of the Nen River in present-day Heilongjiang Province, only one river away from the Wudalianchi.
However, the local historical data is not clear about this, but it is said that Zhang Jiazhou's troops fought as far as Tailai. When he said this, he was inspecting the "model county" of the Third Route Army in Keshan, and someone simply proposed to go to Tailai for a trip, about 200 kilometers of road, and returned in one afternoon.
In fact, I was not too interested in visiting Tailai, because Tailai was still more than 300 kilometers away from Wudalianchi, and Zhang Jiazhou's troops stayed in Tailai for a few days, and then retreated, and it was estimated that it was difficult to leave any relics.
In terms of the earliest activities, in the autumn of 1932, Helen set up an anti-Japanese guerrilla group led by Lei Yan, which was not far from the Wudalianchi.
But since everyone is interested in going, let's take a run.
Just in front of the Tailai Railway Station, the traffic police told us that there was a very large "General Zhang Pingyang Monument" here, he said: "Because it affected traffic in 98 years, Zhang Pingyang is an anti-Japanese hero, we all know it here." ”
You know, Zhang Jiazhou is exactly the number "Pingyang", and the earliest biographical work about him is called "The Legend of Pingyang"!
Could it be that there is already a monument about Zhang Jiazhou here?! The traffic police weren't quite sure either, but told us that the monument had been moved to the Martyrs' Cemetery.
Why don't go anywhere else, just go to the Martyrs' Cemetery. After arriving, there was indeed a "Monument to General Zhang Pingyang".
I hurriedly got out of the car to look at it, but I felt that something was wrong, and there was such a text in the inscription - "Died on December 28, 1934, at the age of Chinese New Year's Eve 6". This shows that he was killed in 1945, and according to the explanatory plaque on the side, Zhang Pingyang was appointed deputy commander of the Nen Giang Provincial People's Self-Defense Army and commander of the Nen Nam Military Sub-district in 1945, and was murdered by the reactionary maintenance committee on the eve of the liberation of Tailai.
Zhang Jiazhou died in 1937, and it is impossible to serve in the Nenjiang Provincial People's Self-Defense Army in 1945.
After learning about the situation from the staff of the cemetery, I learned that this Zhang Pingyang was not Zhang Pingyang, who died in Thailand, was not Zhang Jiazhou, nor was it related to the Western Expedition of the Red 36th Army, but also a good anti-Japanese man, who insisted on underground activities in the northeast until the surrender of Japan in 1945.
Zhang Pingyang, who died in Tailai.
This is a very surprising thing. In the later period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, not only did the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Army suffer great losses, but the underground organization in the northeast was also very badly damaged, and it was not easy for the underground party to persist until 1945.
Due to the rush of time, it was not time to conduct a detailed investigation at that time, but after returning, I checked the information and made new discoveries.
After the establishment of the Nenjiang Provincial People's Self-Defense Army Headquarters, Zhang Pingyang served as deputy commander, responsible for the army building in five counties, including Tailai, Zhendong, Jingxing, Taikang, and Lindian.
It is worth mentioning that the commander of the Nenjiang Provincial People's Self-Defense Army at that time was Wang Minggui, a famous general of the former Anti-Japanese League Third Route Army. Unfortunately, Zhang Pingyang was assassinated by a hidden enemy on December 16, 1945, and unfortunately martyred at the age of 36.
Because of this, Tai Lai erected a monument to Commander Zhang Pingyang (there was another monument before this monument).
This period of history has been too long to explore now, but after 1940, the Guannei Party organization sent a group of underground party members to the northeast region and engaged in long-term activities, and this topic was revealed by Zhang Pingyang. In fact, we soon discovered that he was far more than the only underground party similar to Zhang Pingyang.
At the beginning of 1942, Li Xishan, an underground party member from the Jidong Military Region like Zhang Pingyang, came to Keshan County, and he formed the underground group of the Communist Party of Keshan County with Chen Mingming, a local patriot, and Fang Zhan'ao, an underground party member sent later, forming an underground organization of considerable scale.
Li Weimin, the prototype of the protagonist Wang Yimin in the TV series "Harbin at Night", and Cui Yue, a telegrapher, were ordered to return to the northeast in 1941 to collect intelligence on the Japanese puppet army in Jilin.
They all remained active until the surrender of the Japanese army on August 15.
But not every underground party member sent into the northeast is so lucky. In 1943, Zhao Xingdong, an underground party member who had already transferred from Suifenhe to shandong base area because of his identity exposure, was again ordered to return to Heilongjiang in disguise to carry out underground work. Unfortunately, he was arrested in 1944 and died in Mudanjiang.
Zhao Xingdong.
An unsuccessful visit revealed a special aspect of the Northeast Red Spy War, which can also be regarded as unexpected luck.
【End】