On the morning of January 10, 1949, the sound of gunfire on the Battlefield of Huaihai had been sparsed, and the Kuomintang army had been reduced
Du Yuming
The group is completely doomed.
Du Yuming, deputy commander of the Kuomintang army Xuzhou", tried to abscond in disguise after the defeat of the army, and he only took 10 of his lieutenants, guards, and so on, he shaved off his beard, changed into a soldier's costume, and asked each of his subordinates to hold a Canadian pistol in order to pretend to be our army to escort the prisoners, in an attempt to take advantage of the chaos.
But even so, Du Yuming and others could not escape the fire eyes of the PLA soldiers, and they were still captured. Du Yuming's identity was not revealed after he was captured, but he was very nervous, so he found a stone on the ground and smashed his head, which was bleeding profusely.
Du Yuming's aide-de-camp couldn't help but shout when he saw it:
"It's not good, Chief Du's head is broken!"
Du Yuming was captured by our army
When the warrior guarding the captives heard this, he immediately asked the adjutant alertly:
"Who do you say he is?"
The adjutant said:
"Chief Du."
"What's your name Du?"
"Du Yuming."
After Du Yuming's identity was determined, he was first sent to the Liberated Areas for education, and later sent to the people
Gongdelin War Criminals Management Center
remodel.
When he first entered the war criminals management center, Du Yuming was called the most unreformed by other prisoners of war
"Granite Head"
Because his military ability is indeed very outstanding, he believes that the quality of our army is inferior to theirs in terms of equipment and personnel, and he is very unconvinced by the defeat.
Former site of the Gongdelin War Criminals Management Office
Moreover, during the reform period, we demanded that the war criminals repent, which meant that they had to admit that their ideals and beliefs were wrong, which was unacceptable to Du Yuming, who had once held a high position.
However, Du Yuming received careful care from our side during the transformation period, he suffered from chronic diseases such as stomach ulcers, tuberculosis, kidney tuberculosis, etc., and there were many taboos in diet.
The administrators of the War Criminals Management Center ate their own nests, but Du Yuming was able to eat braised fish, roast chicken and eggs, and had a milk every day, which even exceeded the small stove he ate during the Battle of Huaihai.
Moreover, Du Yuming was still suffering from it at that time
pulmonary tuberculosis
At that time, only one specific drug could be used
streptomycin
It could be cured, but at that time China did not produce this streptomycin, and only from Hong Kong and Macau could it buy this medicine produced in the United States and Britain.
Du Yuming's condition has been reported until
Premier Zhou
There, in the end, Premier Zhou made a decision and used gold to buy medicine for Du Yuming, because at that time, the renminbi was not circulated in Hong Kong and Macao, and only gold could be used to buy things.
Du Yuming was very touched when he knew that it was Premier Zhou who specially approved gold to cure his illness, saying:
"The Communist Party is really my regeneration parent!" I will certainly reform my thinking, strive for new life, and strive for meritorious atonement! ”
After the volunteer army entered Korea, Du Yuming also paid close attention to the war situation in Korea, because he believed that his previous defeat was caused by the corruption and internal disunity of the Kuomintang, and he was skeptical in his heart whether the volunteer army could defeat the American army.
However, the development of the war situation shocked Du Yuming again, from the beginning of the Battle of Unsan in November 1950 to January 8, 1951, the Volunteer Army launched three large-scale campaigns, successively liberating Pyongyang and Seoul, and the record was pushed to the "37th Line".
Volunteer soldiers
Du Yuming felt both ashamed and proud, and he said with emotion:
"I feel extremely excited and admired for the heroic and heroic ambition of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army to cross the Yalu River to safeguard peace and defend the motherland in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea. Chinese people, under the leadership of the Communist Party, have indeed stood up. ”
At that time, the transport lines of the volunteer army were too long, and the logistics supply was often unable to keep up, so the state called on the masses to take action to make dry food for the volunteer army.
After Du Yuming learned about it, he also actively helped the volunteers to make fried noodles, at that time, his body was not completely well, but he also took a large shovel, flipped it in the wok of wok, put salt and sugar in it, and fried it over and over again...
Fried noodles eaten by the volunteers
The manager also noticed the change in Du Yuming, so he let him take the position
Head of the sewing team
In order to save the expenses of the management office, he took the initiative to lead everyone to make hundreds of mops with rags, which was praised by the management office.
Du Yuming also actively read and carried out ideological reform, and he read it successively
"Selected Works of Mao Zedong", "How Steel is Made", "On Protracted War"
And wrote more than 10,000 words of reading notes and experience, and has made great progress in thinking.
After 10 years of study and reform, on December 4, 1959, Du Yuming was pardoned by the Supreme People's Court as the first batch of amnesty war criminals.
After Du Yuming was released from prison, he was appointed as the literary and historical commissioner of the Literature and History Materials Research Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, engaged in the research of literary and historical materials, and was successively elected as a deputy to the National People's Congress, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and a standing committee member.
From left to right: Song Xilian, Du Yuming, Pu Jie, Pu Yi
The honor given by the people has further stimulated Du Yuming's enthusiasm for working for the people, and he has worked diligently and diligently, both in the study of literary and historical materials and in the work of promoting the great cause of the reunification of the motherland.
In July 1960, Premier Zhou and Zhou
Chen Yi
The Foreign Minister invited the British Field Marshal who had come to Visit China
Montgomery
, specially invited Du Yuming as a companion.
During the feast, Montgomery deliberately asked Du Yuming:
"What about your army of millions?"
Du Yuming pointed at Chen Yi and smiled:
"I gave it to him."
Premier Zhou received Montgomery
Chen Yi said humorously:
"You're not so generous, we ate it bite by bite."
Du Yuming also laughed and said:
"I agree with half of what you say, and the other half is defeated in the hands of the Kuomintang itself."
After Du Yuming was captured, the Kuomintang authorities heard that he had been killed by the People's Liberation Army.
His wife
Cao Xiuqing
Because he had no livelihood, he had to follow the Kuomintang to Taiwan with his mother-in-law and 5 children, and settled in Taipei County.
When the Kuomintang authorities did not treat Cao Xiuqing's family kindly, they only gave them a small subsidy. Cao Xiuqing had to go out to work on her own to subsidize the family's livelihood.
Later, Cao Xiuqing's eldest son went to the United States to study at university, because he had no source of income, he could only go to work at night, and later he really couldn't support it, so he had to write to his mother in Taiwan for help.
Cao Xiuqing had the courage to write a letter
Chiang Kai-shek
Asking for help, Chiang Kai-shek saw that Du Yuming had made a lot of merit before, and only approved 1,000 US dollars, and it had to be paid in two installments. But Cao Xiuqing's eldest son's annual tuition fee is $3,000, which is undoubtedly a drop in the bucket, and eventually his son committed suicide by taking sleeping pills in despair.
Until 1957, Cao Xiuqing's son-in-law
Yang Zhenning
After winning the Nobel Prize in Physics, Cao Xiuqing's situation improved, and Chiang Kai-shek hoped that Cao Xiuqing would persuade Yang Zhenning to come to Taiwan to serve him and allow her to visit relatives in the United States.
But after Cao Xiuqing went to the United States, she never wanted to return to Taiwan, so her daughter and son-in-law issued her a long-term residence permit, and she lived in the United States for a long time.
When Yang Zhenning won the Nobel Prize, Du Yuming, who was transformed in Beijing at the time, also received news, and he wrote a letter to his son-in-law:
Dear Son-in-law Ning,
I congratulate you on winning the Nobel Prize. This is the glory of the Chinese nation.
Yang Zhenning also wrote a letter to Du Yuming to express his gratitude, saying that he was very touched by his father-in-law's care.
After Du Yuming was released, he also kept his wife Cao Xiuqing in mind, and after many contacts, Cao Xiuqing finally decided to return to the mainland to reunite with her husband, and after the Kuomintang authorities learned about it, they specially sent someone to Taiwan to scare her:
"If you don't understand the situation on the mainland, you must not go there, otherwise it will be too late to regret it."
Unmoved, Cao flew back to the mainland from the United States in October 1963, and the couple was reunited at noon.
Du Yuming and Cao Xiuqing
On November 10, 1963, Premier Zhou specially received Du Yuming and his wife at the Great Hall of the People and cordially said to them:
"You must care for each other, live in harmony, and keep your family warm." All your expenses are borne by the state, and I hope that you will contribute to the construction of the motherland! ”
After the outbreak of the "Cultural Revolution", Du Yuming was also affected, his home was raided, and the Red Guards still had to throw away the ashes of his eldest son as the "four olds".
"This is what I took back from the United States, and I can't lose it!"
This saved the urn.
After Premier Zhou learned of this, he severely criticized the relevant personnel, and he instructed that the safety of Du Yuming and his wife must be protected, and he also specially asked people to post a notice at the door of Du Yuming's home:
This hospital has been inspected, and we should not break the "four olds" in the future.
In the future, no one dared to make trouble again.
In the spring of 1971, Sino-US relations began to show signs of thawing and thawing ice, the US State Department lifted the ban on US citizens not allowed to travel to China, and Yang Zhenning also contacted his father at home and wanted to return to China to visit his relatives.
When Premier Zhou learned of this, he gladly said:
"The motherland welcomes Yang Zhenning's return from the ocean with an open heart." In the same year, Yang Zhenning took his wife with him
Du Salute
I flew to Shanghai and returned to my homeland after 26 years of absence.
Premier Zhou received Yang Zhenning
On July 28, Yang Zhenning met his father-in-law Du Yuming for the first time in Beijing, and together with his father-in-law's family, he was cordially received and feasted by Premier Zhou.
During the chat, Premier Zhou heard Yang Zhenning call Cao Xiuqing
"Mom"
, and call du Yuming as
"Mr. Du"
When corrected immediately, say:
"It should be called Lord Yuezhang!"
During the banquet, Premier Zhou joked to Cao Xiuqing:
"You sit next to your son-in-law, the mother-in-law loves her son-in-law the most!"
It made everyone in the room laugh.
In the following two years, Yang Zhenning returned to the motherland with his wife every year and received care from the Party Central Committee and leaders at all levels.
Du Yuming in his later years
In 1978, Du Yuming was elected as a deputy to the Fifth People's Congress and a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth CppcC National Committee.
In order to realize the reunification of the motherland, he went around propagating the motherland's principles and policies toward Taiwan in spite of his old age and hard work, writing articles in newspapers and periodicals at home and abroad, and making speeches on the radio.
"In the past, our group of people had a long-term close relationship with the ruling figures of the Kuomintang in Taiwan, and we did our work to Taiwan and presented ourselves to explain the principles and policies of the party and the government, which they can use as a reference."
Deng Yingchao (center) and Du Yuming's family pose for a group photo
On May 7, 1981, Du Yuming died of kidney failure at the age of 77.
Before his death, he left his last words:
"I hope that the relatives, friends, and compatriots of our classmates in Taiwan will put the great righteousness of the nation first, promote peaceful reunification at an early date, and jointly build our ancient civilization into a modern power for the benefit of future generations!"
Unfortunately, due to the taiwan authorities' refusal to let him go, Du Yuming was unable to see his four children in Taiwan when he died.
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a solemn funeral for Du Yuming,
Deng Xiaoping
and
Deng Yingchao
When the leaders of the country attended his memorial service, the Party Central Committee commented on Du Yuming:
"Comrade Du Yuming is a patriot who supports the Communist Party of China and the socialist road, and Comrade Du Yuming's transformation and progress have been welcomed by the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people."
Deng Yingchao shook hands with Yang Zhenning at Du Yuming's memorial service
In June 1982, after some twists and turns, Cao Xiuqing finally met with his 3 children in Hong Kong.
This is a rare reunion after the separation of mothers and children for 20 spring and autumn, mother and son hug each other tightly, let the tears flow freely, and the children look at the mother's thin and tough body, stare at her thin face, and sigh.
But the time of the reunion was always short-lived, and after 18 days, Cao Xiuqing was ready to return to Beijing, and her children advised her:
"Mom, you are old, living alone in Beijing, without a single relative, how lonely!" If you don't think of us, come to Taiwan to spend your old age, grandchildren and grandchildren are looking forward to grandma and grandma! ”
But Cao Xiuqing still said to her children:
"My personal loneliness is small, and the reunification of the motherland is great." I cannot say with a clear conscience that the Communist Party is not good. Your father's history is on the mainland, his ashes are in Beijing, and I can't do anything against his will and be sorry for him. ”
Cao Xiuqing in his later years
Cao Xiuqing returned to Beijing, and in 1983, she was added to the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, when she was more than eighty years old, but she still actively participated in relevant activities and contributed to the cause of the peaceful reunification of the motherland.
In May 1984, Cao Xiuqing died of illness in Hong Kong at the age of 82.