As the saying goes, "dragons give birth to dragons, phoenixes give birth to phoenixes, and the sons of rats will punch holes", this hereditary door valve extended from the Han Dynasty in China to the Sui and Tang dynasties. The descendants of the emperor want to continue to be emperors, the sons of nobles want to be nobles, and they also want the sons of slaves to be slaves forever, in the final analysis, all in order to maintain the hierarchical system of vested interests.
When liu xiu arrived, the door valve power began to be uncontrollable, and the establishment of the Eastern Han Dynasty was originally supported by various major clans. By the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was already a great tail, and the Jin Dynasty had reached its peak, and the emperor was completely in the hands of the clan.
But there was one exception during this period, and that was the Cao Wei period. Cao Cao is the spokesman of the Han clan, the adopted son of a eunuch, not a rich man, using meritocracy, not considering origin, opposing the "only virtue is the move" of the rich class. Because since the Han Dynasty, whether it is the recommendation system or the nine-pin Zhongzheng system, the whole society is tightly in the hands of the Menmen.
If you want to be an official, you need to rely on the recommendation of the Tuas clan to start your political career, and the protégés of the Gate Valve Clan are all over the world, forming many families of successive gongqing, just like the fourth and third dukes of the Yuan Shao family, and the Sima family has been out as a high official for nearly a thousand generations. The powerful factions in the chaotic world do not have a good relationship with them, and they cannot even buy grain and horses, and Dong Zhuo, a local tyrant, just holds money in his hand but cannot buy military food.
This way of selecting talents is becoming more and more unfair, the quality of officials is getting worse and worse, and in peacetime it is still possible to stabilize the situation with the state apparatus, but in the chaotic world, each will have to eat according to his ability, and during the Three Kingdoms period, there is a shortage of talents, Cao Cao broke the concept of honor and inferiority, and the corporals of the world were born, resulting in the flow of talents to him.
At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Shi clan could not prevent the formation of separatist forces, in order to protect their own family interests, so they began political investment, they cared who could maximize their interests, the Xun clan spanned Cao Yuan, Zhuge speculated three families. In the end, the More Pure Scholar Clan of the Sima Clan unified the world, and it was also the Sima Clan as a super scholar clan that could better represent the interests of the Shi Clan.
In fact, the reason why this historical episode of the Three Kingdoms appeared was the struggle between the warlord and the door valve, and Cao Cao was the representative of the warlord. His whole life was a struggle with the door valve, but after Cao Cao's death, his efforts were all in vain, and Cao Pi had to bow to the major scholar clans in order to stabilize his power, returning to the old tune of "no cold door in the upper grade, no power in the lower grade", and Cao Cao alone still failed to stop the tide of history.
The death of some historical figures we are familiar with is also caused by this struggle, Yang Xiu is a famous scholar from a famous family, he participated in the succession dispute of Cao Pi Cao Zhi, Cao Cao will naturally find a reason to get rid of him, as for Yang Xiu's mouth, it is just an excuse. The story of the young Kong Rong let the pear be known to everyone, and kong Rong, who was also born in the same warrior clan, ended up in the same tragic way.
In the "Decree declaring the guilt of Kong Rong", it is said: "Rong violated the heavens and the Tao, defeated and chaotic reason, although it was rampant, it was still late to hate it." "From the public opinion, this big intellectual stinks." Whether it is killing Yang Xiu, killing Cui Yan, killing Xun Yu, or killing Kong Rong, it is because these celebrities are the representatives and supporters of the door valve. Killing one hundred is also equivalent to warning the entire group of warriors.
Therefore, although some of the Gate Valve clan reached a temporary exchange of interests with Cao Cao, this support is impossible to last, and sooner or later it will be broken due to conflicts of interest, Xun Yu is the most typical representative, in the end, Cao Wei's political struggle is still a struggle between two classes. After the Battle of Guandu, Cao Cao was in the ascendant, and the Hao clans were only reclusive, but after Cao Cao's death, they completed the subversion through Sima Shi.
Therefore, when Cao Wei began to attack Haoqiang to strengthen the centralization of power, the Gate Valve clan all fell to the Sima clan. It was not until the rise of the Sui and Tang dynasty examination system that the wind of door valves gradually weakened. Liu Yuxi's poem: "Wild grass flowers by the Suzaku Bridge, the sunset at the mouth of Wuyi Lane, the former Wang Xietang Qianyan, flying into the homes of ordinary people", is an elegy that has not settled down.