At present, China's hydrogen energy development must first rely on the transportation field to drive the extension of the industrial chain, and heavy vehicles are the "starting lineup" - this is the industry consensus from top to bottom.
As a result, local governments and engaged enterprises have turned their attention to hydrogen energy heavy trucks.
Large-scale demonstration operation of hydrogen fuel commercial vehicles began
The signing and delivery ceremonies were intensively released
The pressure to reduce carbon is increasing, and large commercial vehicle companies have transformed into new energy and seized the market in the field of heavy trucks. Electric heavy trucks and hydrogen energy heavy trucks have become two important technical routes for the current parallel development.
Compared with electric heavy trucks, hydrogen energy heavy trucks have advantages in terms of mileage and convenient hydrogenation. Many companies focus on hydrogen energy heavy trucks, and there is an endless stream of contracts and deliveries.
In November 2021, XCMG Automobile signed an investment agreement with Yijin Holoqi and Xinyuan Power for new energy vehicle cooperation projects, and XCMG Heavy Truck received industry guidance orders for 200 hydrogen fuel tractors in Yijin Holoqi, with a total price of more than 300 million yuan.
In August 2021, Hebei Baoding 100 hydrogen energy heavy truck demonstration line was put into operation, the main function is to ensure the transportation of sand and gravel aggregate to Xiong'an New Area.
In July 2021, SAIC Motor and the Ordos Municipal People's Government officially signed the "Investment Agreement on the New Energy Vehicle Industry Chain Project", investing 2 billion yuan to build the world's first 10,000-vehicle hydrogen heavy-duty truck industrial base, and planning to deliver 500 hydrogen heavy-duty trucks this year.
In May 2021, yueyang Municipal People's Government signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Sany Group Co., Ltd. on hydrogen energy industry, and launched 100 hydrogen fuel engineering vehicles by 2022, covering muck trucks, tractors and mixer trucks.
In December 2020, 60 hydrogen fuel heavy trucks were officially delivered and put into operation at the Baoshan base.
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In December 2019, 10 hydrogen fuel cell heavy trucks were put into trial operation at Baosteel Baoshan Base, which is a milestone event in the commercial operation of hydrogen fuel heavy trucks, and the world's first batch of commercially operated hydrogen fuel heavy trucks, in China, In Shanghai, Baowu Group Baosteel shares were officially put into trial operation!
In fact, not only heavy trucks, but also the demonstration operation of hydrogen-fueled buses and light logistics vehicles is also steadily advancing.
According to Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the upcoming Beijing Winter Olympics will have more than 1,000 fuel cell vehicles and more than 30 hydrogen refueling stations participating in transportation services. Zhangjiakou has put more than 600 hydrogen fuel cell buses into operation. The Beijing Winter Olympics will become the world's largest demonstration of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles.
In addition to Zhangjiakou, Foshan, Shanghai, Weifang, Jinan, Zhangjiagang and other places also have a corresponding number of fuel cell commercial vehicles to achieve batch operation.
China's hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have entered a large-scale commercial demonstration stage.
"The right thing to do is the best"
Fixed scene transport hydrogen energy heavy truck out of the circle
In September 2020, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other five departments issued the "Notice on carrying out the Demonstration Application of Fuel Cell Vehicles" subsidy policy, which clearly proposed to focus on promoting the industrialization of fuel cell vehicles in the field of medium and heavy commercial vehicles, and tilted towards heavy trucks.
The policy has landed, and the development of hydrogen energy heavy trucks has received strong endorsement. Hydrogen fuel heavy trucks have gradually become the consensus of the industry.
The reason is that because the pollution emissions of traditional fuel heavy trucks are large, heavy trucks urgently need new energy under the pressure of carbon reduction. Taking diesel heavy trucks as an example, although the ownership accounted for only 7.9% of the total number of vehicles in the country, the emissions of carbon monoxide, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter accounted for more than 10%, 18.8%, 60% and 84.6% of the total vehicle emissions, respectively.
When hydrogen energy is chosen as an alternative fuel, the first concern is its cleanliness.
Second, because of the special performance of the hydrogen fuel cell itself, hydrogen energy heavy trucks have more advantages in long-distance transportation. Compared with lithium batteries, fuel cells have higher energy density, and hydrogen fuel cell heavy trucks can increase the effective load under the same mileage; fuel cell vehicles can complete hydrogen refueling in 10-15 minutes, which is almost the same as the refueling time of fuel vehicles.
More importantly, hydrogen has no operating temperature limit, and low temperature has always been the "natural enemy" of lithium batteries, and the advantages of hydrogen energy heavy trucks in the cold north in winter are more obvious.
In fact, due to the high cost of production, transportation and storage of hydrogen and the lack of hydrogen refueling station construction, the current area of hydrogen energy heavy truck operation is mainly concentrated in the port, wharf, industrial park and other scenarios where heavy diesel vehicles are dense.
In such scenarios, diesel heavy trucks are used frequently and have high working intensity, and replacing diesel vehicles with hydrogen energy heavy trucks can not only reduce the pressure of pollution emissions, but also have the possibility of achieving economies of scale.
In addition, there is still a gap between hydrogen energy heavy trucks and the international advanced level in terms of basic materials, key components, system integration, etc., and the cost of the vehicle remains high. The future development still has a long way to go.
Take market demand as a breakthrough
Find the user "one shot"
In the actual operation of hydrogen energy heavy trucks, it involves many links such as vehicle manufacturers, hydrogen refueling stations, and users (that is, logistics companies, etc.). Only by understanding the needs and current situation of users, cutting through their pain points, and working hand in hand with tailor-made manufacturing can we ensure the smooth operation of hydrogen energy heavy trucks.
In fact, at present, the factors restricting the development of hydrogen fuel heavy trucks are mainly concentrated in the upstream of the industrial chain (hydrogen production, storage and transportation links) and the middle reaches (hydrogen refueling station laying). At present, the reason why hydrogen energy heavy trucks have not yet maximized the advantages of long-distance transportation, the key to restrictions is mainly concentrated here.
However, fixed special line operation scenarios such as ports, steel mills, and mines can largely avoid these constraints.
Take, for example, 60 hydrogen fuel heavy trucks officially put into operation at baoshan iron and steel base in December 2020. The project is a major achievement of the Shanghai key industrialization scientific research project "Demonstration and Application of High-power Hydrogen Energy Heavy Trucks" undertaken by Baowu Qingneng and Shanghai Jining Technology.
As a large steel company, Baowu announced its specific plan to enter the hydrogen energy industry in 2020.
The reason why Baowu will open the operation of hydrogen energy heavy trucks is first based on its rich industrial by-product hydrogen. According to Chen Derong, secretary of the party committee and chairman of China Baowu, Baowu produces 1 million tons of hydrogen energy per year, and as the group continues to expand its territory, the amount of hydrogen owned will increase significantly.
Secondly, the construction of the hydrogen refueling station is also within Baowu's plan. In July 2020, the demonstration hydrogen refueling station under Baowu Qingneng was officially put into operation. The scale of investment of the hydrogen refueling station is 10 million yuan, and the daily hydrogen refueling capacity reaches 500 kilograms, which mainly provides fuel for hydrogen energy heavy trucks transporting steel in the factory area.
In the next decade, Baowu will also build 50-100 hydrogen refueling stations.
Third, using the original energy and gas corridor of Baosteel Co., Ltd., through reconstruction and construction, Baowu will also build a high-quality hydrogen supply pipeline.
Everything is ready, and the operation of hydrogen energy heavy trucks is logical. Shanghai Jining Technology is the first important partner to cooperate with Baowu Group in the field of hydrogen energy, and the first batch of 10 Jiangling heavy trucks delivered to Baowu for trial operation in 2019 are equipped with the 95kw fuel cell system independently developed by Jining Technology.
It is precisely because of the long-term partnership with Baowu that after 10 vehicles were put into operation in 2019, 50 hydrogen heavy trucks were added to the operation in 2020. Hydrogen energy heavy trucks have also officially opened the "service" in steel plants. In 2021, Jenin Company delivered 62 sets of 49-ton hydrogen fuel traction dump trucks to Baowu, so far, Jenin Company has delivered 122 sets of hydrogen fuel heavy trucks to Baowu.
This is the best scenario for the landing and operation of hydrogen energy heavy trucks under the current situation, and it also provides a reference model for the operation of other vehicles.
epilogue
Industrial development can not be achieved overnight, fuel cell electric heavy truck from the application period to the industrial scale transformation will be a very difficult process, developed countries and multinational companies have made long-term efforts for this, China's enterprises to be ready for a better tomorrow 'eve' - neither hot head, nor lightly give up.
Immerse yourself in technology, find a suitable scene to operate the vehicle on the ground, step by step. Only after the large-scale cost reduction in the entire industrial chain, in the middle and downstream, can the hydrogen fuel heavy truck truly achieve large-scale popularization.
Source: China Ship Inspection