In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, there was a talented, chivalrous and heroic Manchu young lyricist in the capital, called Naran Sex de. He lived only thirty-one Spring and Autumn before he died. But his extraordinary talent, wonderful words, are famous for posterity.
Naran Zhide, whose original name was Chengde (成德), was born in the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654) and died in the twenty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1685), the eldest son of the university scholar Mingzhu.
Naran's words are elegant and the content is sad and melancholy. The three hundred and dozens of words he composed were filled with pain. Almost all the subjects that can pin sorrow and sorrow can be found in his words. These endless sorrows in his writings seem to be incompatible with his glorious and rich life.
Naran is a son of the family, a prince of the country, and how luxurious and noble life is. In addition, he was diligent and studious in his childhood, and he was also talented and brilliant, and when he became an adult, he was favored by the Kangxi Emperor and promoted to a first-class bodyguard. Why does a person like him with a bright future have so much pain? This may be related to his natural endowment of sensitivity, innocence, and feelings, and at the same time, his bumpy love life has a great influence on his lyrics.
Legend has it that Naranjand had a cousin who had been with him since childhood, who was quite good-looking, and their parents saw that they had a heart-to-heart relationship and betrothed them. Naranjand was very obsessed with his cousin, who knew that soon his cousin was elected to the palace, and he was close but could not see each other, and Naranjud was particularly sad about this. He secretly made up his mind that he must meet her. The opportunity soon came, a concubine died in the palace, the lamas were called into the palace every day to chant, And Naranjand pretended to be a lama to enter the palace, and finally met the lover of Chao Si Twilight. But at that time, the palace was very heavily guarded, and he could not find the opportunity to talk to his cousin at all, it was better to see each other than not to see, and a deep wound remained in his heart. The bitterness of being separated from his lover and the long-lasting longing haunted his heart for a long time, and this misery flowed into his pen and into his words.
However, the biggest blow to Naran's life was not the separation from his cousin, but the death of his original wife Lu Shi.
At the age of 19, Naran was ordered by his parents to marry the daughter of The Viceroy of Liangguang, Shōshū Hyobe, and Goshi Lu Guangzu, the right deputy capital of the Metropolitan Temple. Lu Shi is a delicate, amorous aristocratic talented woman, very cute. Her talent can be compared with Xie Daoyun of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. She and Naran are in love with each other, and she also understands her husband's feelings and interests, and the two have lived in love and love for three years, which is very happy. Lu Shi was also wise and capable, considerate and caring for Naran Sexde, and even dragged his sick and weak body to cut clothes for Naran Sexde half a month before his death. Lu's death was too much of a blow to this amorous and sensitive lyricist, who touched the shirt his wife had sewn for himself, tearfully spilling the placket, and not wanting to die, and from then on, his style of words became even more poignant and depressed.
Although Naranjand was forced by emotion and was depressed all the time, he had a chivalrous and heroic side in his personality. He once struggled to rescue Wu Zhaoqian (字汉槎), a famous Han scholar in Jiangnan Who committed the crime. It was when he was 22 years old, and he met Gu Zhenguan, who was famous at that time, and they saw each other as they were, and they hated each other late. It was from Gu Zhenguan that he learned about Wu Zhaoqian's misfortune.
During the Shunzhi period, in order to consolidate its rule, the Qing court deliberately persecuted han intellectuals who had entered the examination, and they created many cases. Wu Zhaoqian is one of the persecuted. In the year that Wu Zhaoqian took the exam, the examination halls in Shuntian (Beijing), Jiangnan, Henan, Shandong, and Shanxi were again imprisoned, and the Jiangnan and Shuntian examination halls where Wu Zhaoqian was located were the most noisy, and many chief examiners and fellow examiners were sentenced to death, and even many innocent examinees were sentenced to prison.
After the incident, Wu Zhaoqian and Jiangnan's sons were escorted to the capital. The emperor claimed to hold a re-examination and personally proctored the examination at the Taihe Temple. This is the examination room, it is clearly the execution ground! Numerous examiners took turns to monitor the candidates, samurai stood in the hall, instruments of torture were placed, and behind the examinees were two Manchurian guards with swords. In such an atmosphere, the candidates were already frightened and frightened where they dared to answer the questionnaires, so a large number of candidates failed to complete the answers, they were thrown into prison, and later assigned to ninggu pagoda in the far north (now on the south bank of the Xihailin River in Ning'an County, Heilongjiang). Wu Zhaoqian and his friends stayed in the cold and snowy Ninggu Pagoda for more than twenty years.
Wu Zhaoqian's misery in the desperate situation aroused the deep concern of NaranJande, who was very sympathetic to Wu Zhaoqian and was determined to save Wu Zhaoqian from suffering, but it was easier said than done. Even a man like Naran Zhide, who was a prince of the xiangguo and a court guard, it was very difficult to rescue Wu Zhaoqian, and it took him five years to finally redeem Wu Zhaoqian with money.
The rescue of Wu Zhaoqian is just a typical example of Naran's chivalrous behavior, in fact, the friends he usually made are all strange talents and gentlemen who have fallen into distress.
Naran Zhide is deeply influenced by the thousands of years of culture of the Han people in the Central Plains, but what runs in his veins is the strong blood of the northern ethnic minorities, and the two are integrated in his poetry, which makes his works have both a gentle, humorous, and lingering side, as well as a deep, high, and heroic side. This also makes his style of words more personal.
Naran Zhide admired Li Yu's words, and his style of words was also very similar to Li Yu. The words of Naran Zhide have been handed down as "Naran Words" and "Tongzhitang Collection". He also co-selected the "First Collection of Present Words" with Gu Zhenguan, and together with Xu Qianxue, compiled and engraved the book of confucianism since the Song and Yuan dynasties as the "Tongzhitang Sutra Interpretation".