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Hello everyone
Today, we continue to read the Confucian classics, the Analects of the Four Books.
Sima Niu asked Ren. Zi Yue: "The benevolent one, his words are also praised." "His words are also true, si said to be benevolent?" Zi Yue: "It is difficult for it, and it is not surprising to say it?" ” The Analects of Yan Yuan XII
讱, "Speaking of Texts", "Blunt Speech", speaks slowly and cautiously.
Sima Niu asked the teacher what ren was. Confucius said that to speak slowly is benevolence. Sima Niu did not understand, so simple, slow to speak is benevolent? Confucius said, it is easy to say it, it is difficult to do it, can you do it?
Confucius actually said these words to Sima Niu.
Sima Niu is a man who talks a lot and talks quickly. He asked the teacher a question, and before the teacher could finish speaking, he hurriedly asked the second question, lacking in thought.
So, what did Confucius expect of him? We may wish to refer to Zhu Xi's commentary, "The benevolent one has a heart but does not let go, so if his words are bearable and not easy to issue, one end of Gai Qide is also." ”
In other words, if you want to say something, you must endure it for a while, and then say it after thinking clearly.
Sima Niu asked the gentleman. Zi Yue: "A gentleman is neither worried nor afraid." "Don't worry or be afraid, si is a gentleman?" Zi Yue: "Introspection is not guilty, why should the husband worry or be afraid?" ”
Sima Niu came to ask Confucius again, Teacher, what is a gentleman? Confucius replied, "If you are not worried or afraid, you are a gentleman."
Sima Niu was a little dazed, and the teacher's answer to his questions was always so simple. Ask the teacher what is benevolence, the teacher said slowly and cautiously, now ask the teacher what is a gentleman, the teacher said not to worry or be afraid.
Confucius continued to answer, he was not ashamed of his own questions, there was nothing wrong with it, what was there to worry about? You don't have anything wrong with you, isn't that a gentleman?
Not worrying or afraid, it is simple to say, and it is not easy to do.
We ordinary people can move my heart due to the harm of disasters and welfare, no matter whether we encounter anything or not, we are not happy in our hearts, and we are worried and afraid.
Gentlemen are different, they usually cultivate a noble and upright atmosphere for people, their hearts are frank and frank, they see their interests lightly, they can also see things openly, they can think openly, and there is nothing to worry about.
Sima Niu, like us, is the former type of person, his brother was originally the favorite of Song Jinggong, and after that, he was pampered and arrogant, plotted rebellion, and the rebellion failed, causing the entire clan to go into exile. Sima Niu was also affected.
However, since he had already lost, there was no use in fear, and Confucius would use this sentence to persuade him.
Sima Niu worried: "Everyone has brothers, and I die alone." Zi Xia Yue: "The business is known: there is life in the dead, and wealth is in the sky." A gentleman is respectful and respectful, and courteous to others. Within the four seas, all brothers also. Why should a gentleman suffer from no brothers? ”
Sima Niu was still worried, and went to complain to ZiXia: Everyone has brothers, but I don't. Zi Xia listened to him and said with relief, I have heard that there is life in the dead, and wealth is in heaven, and it is not something that people can force.
Zi Xia's words are comforting, if you encounter a hurdle that cannot be passed, then first come to a "fate pill", accept the status quo, and believe that fate has the best arrangement.
We human beings always have greed, even if we get more psychological satisfaction, always look at what we don't have, but we lose what we have when we pursue, you say that this is not what you find yourself unhappy?
For example, Sima Niu's family, who lived well in the Song Dynasty, had fiefdoms, careers, and wealth, and had a bright future, but because of a greedy word, there was nothing overnight. When he complained about this, he was actually complaining to Zixia about his brother.
Therefore, when Zixia comforted him, he also followed his words, advising him to do things respectfully and seriously, and to treat people and things in accordance with etiquette, so that he could get everyone's likes, and all the brothers in the world.
Therefore, life is cultivated by yourself, you accumulate a little more goodwill, the world will return a goodwill to you, you accumulate a little more malice, the world will return a point of malice, very fair.
That's what's for today.
In the next article, Lingyao will continue to bring you a co-reading of the Analects of Yan Yuan.
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Text | Wu Lingyao, a professional reader who practices "one book a day, one more article in Japan", for more good book disassembly, see personal public account: syrjjy