#如何评价石达开 #
Among the many generals of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Shi Dakai was the most legendary and well-known general. Not one of them.
Shi Dakai was a native of Guixian County, Guangxi (present-day Guigang, Guangxi), born in March 1831. We know that many of the generals of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom came from poor families, and their families were so poor that participating in the uprising was almost the only way out. Shi Dakai does not belong to this category. In addition to farming, his family also sells coal, chickens and ducks, etc., can buy dozens of acres of land, and is also a well-known businessman in the local area, and his life is full of taste.
If Shi Dakai can study diligently and take the imperial examination, in time, will he not be a famous ZTE minister who has turned the tide of the tide?
However, Shi Dakai, who has been running in the rivers and lakes since he was a child and has made great friends with all directions, has embarked on another path. In 1850, the 19-year-old Shi Dakai destroyed his family, sold all his family property, and brought a team of more than 4,000 people to participate in the Jintian Uprising led by Hong Xiuquan.
In 1851, after Hong Xiuquan led the Taiping Army to conquer Yong'an City, he created five kings, namely Yang Xiuqing the Eastern King, Xiao Chaogui the Western King, Feng Yunshanwei the Southern King, Wei Changhui the Northern King, and Shi Dakai the Wing King. This year, Shi Dakai was just 20 years old and entered the power core of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.
I think there must be such a thing as "talent" in the world. Many people have practiced the piano all their lives, but they are not as good as a piece of music that Lang Lang plays at will; many people have practiced football for decades, but they are not as good as Messi's random kicks; many people have sung songs for a lifetime, but they are not as good as Jacky Cheung's random roar. What is this called? God appreciates the meal.
Shi Dakai was a peasant by birth, had never received military training, and had never been a soldier or a soldier before, but from the day he joined the Taiping Army, he gradually showed his talent in marching and combat.
In 1852, Xiao Chaogui, the King of the West who was able to fight a good war, was unfortunately killed in the course of fighting the Qing army in Changsha. At this time, Qing reinforcements came from all over the country in a steady stream, encircling the Taiping Army in Changsha. Suddenly, the Taiping Army lost its troops and faced the danger of starvation, falling into the biggest predicament since the Jintian Uprising, and the slightest carelessness could lead to the total annihilation of the army.
At this critical moment, Shi Dakai bravely stood up, led an elite unit out of the encirclement of the Qing army, crossed the Xiang River, and opened a logistics support base in Xi'an, Xiangjiang, to solve the problem of food shortage of the Taiping Army. When the Qing army rushed to besiege, Shi Dakai defeated the Qing army many times on the water and land continents of the Xiang River, which boosted the morale of the Taiping Army.
Not only that, Shi Dakai also led the army as the vanguard, guiding the whole army to withdraw from the west bank of the Xiang River, killing the encirclement of the Qing army and saving the fate of the Taiping Army. Next, Shi Dakai marched all the way, successively captured Yueyang and Wuhan, and went down the river to conquer the important town of Nanjing in the south of the Jiangsu Province, giving the Qing court a heavy blow.
Many famous generals of the Qing court who were known to be brave and good at war, including Zeng Guofan, Xiang Rong, Jiang Zhongyuan, Luo Zenan, and others, were once his defeated generals. Here is the story of Zeng Guofan.
In the spring of 1855, Zeng Guofan and Shi Dakai fought a fierce battle at the mouth of Jiangxi Lake. Zeng Guofan was defeated without suspense, suffering the second fiasco since the Battle of Jinggang, and the defeat was even more complete. This time, Zeng Guofan's boat ride, including a large number of important documents and letters and diaries, became the trophy of the Taiping Army.
At that time, Zeng Guofan was like a gambler who had lost all, all his thoughts were gray, he had suicidal thoughts, and he wanted to go to the enemy on horseback in order to die. Fortunately, under the good advice of his good friends Luo Zenan, Liu Rong and others, Zeng Guofan gave up the idea of suicide, regrouped, and made a comeback. This led to Zeng Guofan, who later pacified the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the head of the four famous ministers of Zhongxing.
However, although Shi Dakai beat Zeng Guofan to the point of almost committing suicide, Zeng Guofan spoke highly of his military command ability: "The Cha Thief Canal is the most fierce of Shi (Shi Dakai), and his incitement of the people and the loudness of the people are also the most contemptible. "In Zeng Guofan's view, Zuo Zongtang's marching battle was very fierce and the most cunning." Soldiers are not tired of deception", saying that a general is cunning is tantamount to praising him.
In the Qing army camp, there are also many famous generals like Shi Dakai, such as Zuo Zongtang, whom I admire very much. Zuo Zongtang's fame was not blown, but fought one hard battle after another.
In the spring of 1859, Shi Dakai once led his troops from Jiangxi into Hunan, and the road was like a bamboo, and it was unstoppable. At that time, Zuo Zongtang was still serving as an aide to Luo Bingzhang, the governor of Hunan, responsible for handling military operations, dispatching troops to besiege Shi Dakai in various places, and eventually forcing Shi Dakai to retreat to Guangxi for recuperation.
Zuo Zongtang defeated Shi Dakai, but still spoke highly of him: "(Shi Dakai) is cunning and cunning, and has won the heart of a group of thieves, and his intelligence is above all thieves, and looking at his deeds, he is quite eager to win people's hearts and seek talents, and he does not attach himself to the cult slang, which is the suzerainty of thieves and I am afraid of it." Zuo Zongtang believed that Shi Dakai's wisdom and wisdom were above all the generals of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, and he was very pragmatic in his dealings with the world, and did not engage in those fallacies and heresies, so even he was afraid and did not dare to provoke.
Even after being captured by the enemy, Shi Dakai maintained his heroic spirit.
In 1863, Shi Dakai defeated Daduhe and was trapped and killed by Luo Bingzhang, the governor of Sichuan. Later, Luo Bingzhang said in the song chapter that Shi Dakai's "strong qi overflows with face, but the words and sentences are not profane, not humble, and do not wag their tails and beg for pity" and "his qi of the ominous qi is seen in the eyebrows, and it is definitely not an ordinary thief's eye."
It's hard to imagine that such a comment would come from an enemy population.