Abstract:Pipeline transportation is the use of pipelines for the transportation of fluid substances, mainly including the transportation of liquids and gases. With the strong support of the state and government, as well as the continuous pull of market demand, the market size of the mainland pipeline transportation industry has increased from 1.47 trillion yuan in 2017 to 1.96 trillion yuan in 2022. Since 2023, under the steady recovery of the domestic economy, the market demand for natural gas, oil, water supply and drainage has been further improved, driving the continuous growth of the market scale of the industry, and the market size of the pipeline transportation industry in 2023 will be about 2.35 trillion yuan.
1. Definitions and Classification
Pipeline transportation is the use of pipelines for the transportation of fluid substances, mainly including the transportation of liquids and gases. This mode of transport transports fluids or mixtures of fluids and solids from the origin to the destination through a pressurized facility. The pipeline transportation industry can be classified in different ways. For example, according to the different transportation media, pipeline transportation can be divided into crude oil pipelines, refined oil pipelines, natural gas pipelines, oil and gas mixed pipelines, solid material slurry pipelines, etc., which are responsible for transporting different types of fluids or fluids and solid mixtures. Pipeline transportation is of great significance for the development of energy, chemical, food, pharmaceutical and other fields. Different types of pipelines play different roles in different fields, providing great convenience for the production and life of residents.
Second, industry policies
1. Competent authorities and regulatory system
The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China shall manage the pipeline transportation industry in terms of industrial macro planning. The National Development and Reform Commission is mainly responsible for researching and formulating industrial policies and industrial development plans, promoting the reform of the industrial system, and promoting the development of industrial technology. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China is mainly responsible for researching and proposing industrial development strategies, formulating industrial plans and industrial policies, organizing the implementation, and guiding the formulation of technical regulations and industry standards for industrial industries.
The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China and the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China manage the production and quality of products in the pipeline transportation industry. The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China conducts quality supervision of the pipeline transportation industry in accordance with industry standards. The National Petroleum and Natural Gas Standardization Technical Committee, the National Plastic Products Standardization Technical Committee, and the National Road Transport Standardization Technical Committee under the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China are responsible for formulating and revising relevant standards for the pipeline transportation industry.
2. Industry-related policies
As an important infrastructure, pipeline transportation is widely used in oil, natural gas, chemical industry, city gas, water supply, drainage and other fields, and has become one of the important means to ensure national energy security and promote economic development. In order to further promote the development of the pipeline transportation industry, in March 2023, the National Development and Reform Commission and the State Administration for Market Regulation jointly issued the "Notice on Further Strengthening the Update, Upgrading and Application Implementation of Energy-saving Standards", proposing to accelerate the development of energy-saving technical standards related to the clean and efficient use of coal, the utilization of new and renewable energy, oil and gas storage and transportation, pipeline transportation, and key equipment for power transmission and distribution in the energy field.
3. Industry barriers
1. Financial barriers
Since pipeline transportation projects usually involve large-scale infrastructure construction, including pipeline laying, pumping station construction, storage tank purchase, etc., these require huge capital investment. In addition, the pipeline transportation industry needs ongoing financial support for equipment maintenance, updates, and upgrades to ensure the safety and efficiency of transportation systems. As a result, it is often difficult for companies that lack sufficient capital to enter the industry, and existing companies may also face development bottlenecks due to lack of funds. This makes financial barriers one of the important factors restricting the development of the mainland pipeline transportation industry.
2. Technical barriers
Due to the complex engineering involved in pipeline transportation, companies are required to have a high level of technical competence and expertise. However, there are still deficiencies in technological innovation and talent training in the mainland pipeline transportation industry, which makes it difficult for some enterprises to meet the technical standards and requirements of the industry. In addition, with the continuous development of the pipeline transportation industry, the requirements for technology are also increasing, which makes the technical barriers more prominent. In order to break through this barrier, enterprises need to increase technology research and development and innovation, and improve the technical level of employees to meet the needs of industry development.
3. Resource barriers
Pipeline transportation mainly serves the energy, chemical and other industries, which are extremely dependent on resources. However, the distribution of energy resources on the mainland is uneven, with some regions having relatively tight resource supplies while others are relatively abundant. This makes pipeline transportation companies face huge challenges in terms of resource acquisition. As a result, resource barriers not only limit the entry of new enterprises, but also put a lot of pressure on the expansion and operation of existing enterprises.
Fourth, the development process
The development process of the mainland pipeline transportation industry has gone through a stage of rapid development from initial development to rapid development, then to stable development, and finally to a stage of accelerated development. Since 1996, with the transformation of the mainland's energy structure and the rapid growth of the economy, the pipeline transportation industry has once again ushered in rapid development, not only the scale continues to expand, the technology is also constantly innovating, and the level of intelligence and automation has been significantly improved. Today, the mainland has a complete pipeline transportation network, which provides a solid energy guarantee for national economic and social development.
Fifth, the industrial chain
1. Analysis of the industry chain
The main raw materials for the mainland pipeline transportation industry include steel pipes, cast iron pipes and plastic pipes. Because of its high strength, high toughness and good corrosion resistance, steel pipes are widely used in long-distance transportation of oil and natural gas. Cast iron pipes are often used in pipeline systems such as city gas, water supply and drainage due to their good compression resistance, durability and low cost. Plastic pipes are widely used in urban construction and industrial fields due to their lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and easy-to-install characteristics. The industrial chain of China's pipeline transportation industry is shown in the following figure:
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