Roman Wine of Baalcaum, a preliminary study of wine entertainment, its place in ancient Rome
Due to Roman influence, trade, and political connections, ancient Roman wines were found outside the borders of the Roman world. Grapes are one of the oldest fruits in the world. Many of the common seeds of modern times are derived from wild grapes.
During the warm periods of the Pleistocene and Holocene, wild grapes grew in Eurasia, extending westward from Central Asia to the Iberian Peninsula and from Crimea southward to North Africa.
The domestication of wild grapes was due to the hybridization of wild and domesticated strains, and wine was mainly used in the production of wine, an alcoholic beverage that was widely consumed in the ancient Mediterranean diet. The earliest traces of wine production are thought to have been found on a ceramic vessel on which tartaric acid residues were found.
In the beginning, people used a kind of Vitis for their needs: mainly to produce the right amount of wine or fresh fruit.Archaeological botanical studies have proven that both wild and cultivated species have grown.
Although research has been carried out, the beginnings of viticulture are not entirely clear. The cultivation of vines began in the 4th millennium BC and spread beyond the wild viticultured areas in the mid-3rd millennium BC.
In Europe, however, evidence of wild grape domestication has been found in Greece and Crete, a cultivation that dates back to around 2000 BC. Later, the Romans conquered the farther north, establishing their own vineyards, saving unnecessary transportation.
Unlike Italy, Opglia in Germany also established vineyards, which allowed vines to be planted despite the rather unfavorable conditions. Thus, the barbarian tribes living on the borders of Rome and the Germans living in the Roman provinces probably already knew how to manage the vines.
Certain kinds of objects found from the graves of barbarians point to wine consumption in Baalsikang. The background to these findings makes it clear that this is a drink that only members of the upper echelons of society can afford.
It is worth noting that wine may have been a gift from the Romans to the barbarian elite who had ties to the commanders or other important figures of the Roman Empire. A series of bronze tableware, such as jars, spoons and strainers, as well as glass trumpets and drinking silver cups, often placed in the so-called princely tombs, confirm the consumption of wine and indicate areas outside the empire.
Similar ships appeared in rich tombs from the Rhine in the south to Scandinavia in the north. In the Roman Empire, a set of the same containers imported from Rome to Baalsican was used to mix with water, seasonings, bitters, and drinking wine.
These vessels have also been put into rich burials, but their function is uncertain and has been widely discussed by modern scholars speculating about the symbols of social status or wealth of the buried.
During Roman times, communities living in the region of contemporary Poland would have made fruit wine. They certainly know the fermentation process because they produce beer and honey.
The Roman Empire played an important role in the sale of grapes and wine, and the oldest plant fossils on the Apennine Peninsula were left in the second half of the 1st century BC.
The Romans learned wine and viticulture from the Greeks, Etruscans, Egyptians, Carthaginians, and Phoenicians Xi Roman viticulture seems to have originated as a branch of horticulture and gradually became one of the most important foundations of agriculture and economy in the Republic and Empire.
Focusing only on the conquest of neighboring tribes and further subordination to the entire Apennines, the Romans relied mainly on Greek wine, and their own viticulture was not their primary interest.
In the 2nd century BC, when most of Rome's important powers were focused on growth and expansion, wine had become one of the foundations of the economy. Marks a milestone in the history of Roman wine and viticulture.
It began with the Romans' love for the wines of the Greeks or Etruscans, then gradually learned Xi, and finally surpassed the Romans by establishing a wine industry that left its mark wherever the Romans went.
The abundance of plants loved by the Romans indicates the intense horticulture and viticulture that played an important role in this region. In 92 AD, Emperor Domitian issued a decree ordering the destruction of vineyards outside Italy. It was originally used to control diseases that destroy grape bushes.
Despite the strictness, it did not end Roman viticulture in the provinces. After the fall of the Roman Empire, grapes and other fruits were still cultivated. In Europe, with the development of Christianity, the culture of drinking spread again. Contrary to the pure culture currently used in the wine industry, the presence of wild yeast strains prevalent in ancient wines may also have caused different tastes.
The sugars that honey adds to wine are fermented by yeast, retained after standard fermentation, thus allowing for higher alcohol levels and more complex aromas.
There are also indications that ancient wines existed far beyond Roman limes.
A wide variety of vessels have been found in the tombs of princes from the Roman period to drink, sift and dilute wine, and much remains to be discovered about its presence and role in the savage lands.
After an in-depth investigation, a large number of fruit stones, paleobotanical sites, as well as traces of fermented products, revealed more information about the barbarians and their viticulture.
