The effectiveness of heterologous reinforced injections to prevent the new crown has reached more than 90%, and these A-share companies compete for development

How effective is the X-beam injection vaccination of the new crown vaccine?

Recently, a Chilean research team published a large-scale real-world data study on Lancet Global Health, comparing the effectiveness of homologous and heterologous enhancement vaccination on the basis of 2 doses of Coxing vaccine, and preliminarily, in the prevention of symptomatic infection, hospitalization, severe illness and death, the effectiveness of heterologous enhancement is significantly higher than that of homologous vaccination, and the effectiveness of the former is as high as 90%.

The study, which had a sample size of 11.17 million people, before the November 2021 Opmi-Kerong outbreak, mainly reflected the effectiveness of enhanced vaccination under the Delta epidemic, but to some extent also proved the feasibility of heterologous vaccination strategies.

The effectiveness of heterologous inoculation is more than 90%.

This real-world study in Chile included a total of 11,174,300 individuals over the age of 16, of which 412.75 received 2 doses of CoronaVac, on this basis, 1,921,300 people (46.5%) received AZD1222,201.93 million (48.9%) The 3rd dose was vaccinated with BNT162b2, and 186,900 people (4.5%) were vaccinated with the 3rd dose of Coxing vaccine.

Compared with clinical trial data, real-world research data can objectively reflect the real situation.

The three vaccines studied this time - Coxing vaccine, AstraZeneca's AZD1222, and Pfizer's BNT162b2 are all vaccines with different technical routes, namely inactivated vaccines, adenovirus vector vaccines, and mRNA vaccines.

The results of the study showed that in terms of effectiveness in preventing symptomatic infection, the effectiveness rate of homologous vaccination of 3 doses of Coxing vaccine was 78.8%, 96.5% of 2 doses of Coxing + BNT162b2, and 93.2% of 2 doses of Coxing + AZD1222.

In terms of effectiveness in preventing hospitalization, 86.3% of the 3 doses of Cosh vaccine homology, 96.1% of 2 doses of Cosh + BNT162b2, and 97.7% of 2 doses of Cosh + AZD1222.

In terms of the effectiveness of preventing ICU (i.e., severe disease), 92.2% of the 3 doses of Cosh vaccine homologous vaccination, 96.2% of 2 doses of Cosh + BNT162b2, and 98.9% of 2 doses of Cosh + AZD1222.

In terms of effectiveness in preventing death, 86.7% of 3 doses of Cosh vaccine homologous vaccination, 96.8% of 2 doses of Coxing + BNT162b2, and 98.1% of 2 doses of Coxing + AZD1222. (The study can be referred to the report of CBN on April 25, 2022, "Real-world study on tens of millions of people in Chile: Recommending 3 doses of inactivated vaccine as the basic immunization program")

Because this study was conducted before the Opmiqueron outbreak in November 2021, it mainly reflects the effectiveness of enhanced vaccination under the Delta outbreak, but the data shows that the effectiveness of heterologous booster vaccination is higher than that of homologous vaccination, which proves the feasibility of heterologous vaccination strategy to some extent.

Under the Omikejon epidemic, how effective is the COVID-19 vaccine booster in the real world? On March 22, the Li Ka Shing School of Medicine of the University of Hong Kong released a study entitled "Forward-looking Planning for the Fifth Wave of the Epidemic in Hong Kong", in which a set of real-world effectiveness data from Hong Kong showed that after completing three doses of intensive vaccination for people over 60 years old, the effectiveness rate of The Kexing vaccine was 97.9%, the effectiveness rate of BNT162b2 against severe illness was 98%, and the effectiveness rate of Death Prevention in Kexing and BNT162b2 reached 98.3% and 98.1% respectively.

This set of data in Hong Kong mainly reflects the effectiveness of homologous enhanced injection vaccination, and does not involve heterologous vaccination.

How effective is heterologous vaccination in the case of the Opmicron outbreak? There are currently some laboratory data presented.

On January 6, 2022, the Pan group at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden uploaded preprint data from an important Opmi keron study at medRxiv. The study evaluated total RBD-specific antibody titers using RBD ELISA and found that two doses of inactivated viral vaccine followed by one dose of mRNA vaccine significantly increased antibody titers, and two doses of inactivated viral vaccine followed by one dose of mRNA vaccine-induced antibody levels that met or exceeded three doses of mRNA vaccine, or the total level of RBD antibodies to mRNA vaccine after infection.

In the face of the mutation of the new crown virus, especially after the emergence of the more immune escape ability of Omi kerong, many countries around the world have launched an enhanced vaccination strategy, in which heterologous vaccination has attracted attention.

Taking the mainland as an example, in February this year, the National Health Commission has begun to deploy a cross-source vaccination strategy for the new crown vaccine, under which people over the age of 18 who have completed two doses of inactivated vaccines can choose the recombinant protein vaccine of Zhifei Bio (300122.SZ) or Cansino Bio (688185. SH, 06185.HK) adenovirus vector vaccine for enhanced immunization.

Previously, the results of the sequential enhanced immunization clinical trial carried out by the team of Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention showed that the use of inactivated vaccine for basic immunity and the sequential strengthening of the new crown vaccine Kwesa with cansino bioadeno adenovirus vector, the neutralizing antibody level was 5 times that of the inactivated vaccine homologous strengthening; after 2 doses of inactivated vaccine, another dose of Kwesa was given as a boost, and the neutralizing antibody level was 197.4 after 14 days, and if the third dose was strengthened with inactivated vaccine, the antibody level was 33.6.

Vaccine companies compete for the heterogeneous injection market

According to the press conference of the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council on April 19, 2022, as of April 18, the cumulative number of vaccinations against the new crown virus was 3.317463 million doses, the total number of vaccinations was 1.282.12 million, and 1.246769 million people had been vaccinated, and the number of people covered and the number of people vaccinated throughout the country accounted for 90.94% and 88.43% of the total population of the country, respectively. Enhanced immunization was completed for 732.659 million people, of which only 25.426 million were cross-vaccinated.

From the above, there are still a certain number of people who have not yet completed the strengthening of immunization.

At present, there are still a number of candidate covid-19 vaccines in China in development or awaiting approval for marketing, mainly concentrated in the technical path of mRNA, recombinant protein and viral vectors, and these vaccines have taken the domestic or foreign enhanced needle market as the direction of future competition.

For example, the "recombinant novel coronavirus fusion protein vaccine" (i.e., "V-01") developed by Livzumab, an indirect holding subsidiary of Healthyuan (600380.SH), completed the interim master data analysis of the sequential enhanced Phase III clinical trial in February 2022 and obtained key data. The V-01 Sequential Enhanced Phase III Clinical Trial Protocol is the world's first randomized, double-blind Phase III clinical trial to enhance the protective power of the Opmecreon study sequence. As early as February 18, the company has begun to submit a market application for V-01 as a sequential enhancement needle for the new crown vaccine to the Chinese review department, and the listing declaration to other countries is also in progress.

Another example is Watson Bio (300142. SZ), the company in November 2021 has launched a phase IIIb clinical trial of the new crown mRNA vaccine booster, which mainly evaluates the immunogenicity and safety of enhanced vaccination in people aged 18 to 59 years and 60 years and older who have been vaccinated with the new coronavirus inactivated vaccine. On April 24, 2022, the company said on the investor interactive platform that the phase III clinical trial of the new crown mRNA vaccine has entered the relevant data cleansing stage.

Another example is Clover (02197.HK), in March 2022, the company announced that it is promoting SCB-2019 (CpG 1018/aluminum adjuvant) as a generic candidate booster needle, which is expected to make it available as a booster needle regardless of the technical vaccine of the basic immunization or whether it has a previous history of COVID-19 infection. Preliminary data from ongoing clinical trials suggest that SCB-2019 (CpG 1018/aluminum adjuvant) induces a strong immune response and broad-spectrum neutralization effect on all strains of concern, including Omilon, as a homologous and heterologous booster needle inoculation.

Clover expects to complete its application for registration with the State Drug Administration of China by mid-2022; Completion of registration applications from the World Health Organization and the European Medicines Agency in the third quarter of 2022; Once conditional approval is obtained, the product is immediately launched.