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In recent years, smart cars have gradually become popular, and the technology of remote upgrading (referred to as OTA) is increasing rapidly, and some institutions predict that by 2025, the assembly rate of front-loading OTA for passenger cars in China is expected to reach 80%.
However, how to regulate has become a problem. On April 15, the Equipment Industry Development Center of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued the Notice on Carrying Out online upgrade filing of automotive software.
The notice requires that car companies should complete the filing of enterprise management capabilities, model and function filing and specific upgrade activities in turn as required before they can implement online upgrade activities for automotive software, that is, OTA upgrades. Within 5 working days after the completion of the upgrade, a report on the implementation of the specific upgrade activity must be submitted. The main body of the filing application shall be the automobile manufacturer, and the filing of enterprise management capabilities, model and function filing and specific upgrade activities shall be carried out from the date of issuance of the notice.
On November 25, 2020, the State Administration for Market Regulation issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Supervision of Remote Upgrade (OTA) Technology Recalls of Vehicles. The notice requires that production enterprises that "use OTA to carry out technical service activities for sold vehicles shall file with the Quality Development Bureau of the State Administration for Market Regulations in accordance with the requirements of the Regulations on the Administration of the Recall of Defective Automobile Products and the Measures for the Implementation of the Regulations on the Administration of the Recall of Defective Automobile Products."
In June 2021, the State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) once again issued the Supplementary Notice on the Filing of Remote Upgrade (OTA) Technology Recalls for Vehicles, requiring that the Information Form on Safety Technology Assessment of Vehicle Remote Upgrade (OTA) be submitted at the time of filing. This "Information Table" includes the type of OTA upgrade, the purpose of the upgrade, the upgrade push strategy, the upgrade failure handling mechanism, and whether the upgrade requires user confirmation and notification to the user.
In the past few years, Tesla, Xiaopeng Motors, GAC Toyota, Weima and other brands have been exposed to "locking" the battery output power through OTA upgrade technology, artificially reducing the charging limit, thereby slowing down the battery attenuation and preventing the battery from thermal runaway and other failures.
On August 2, 2021, hundreds of GAC Toyota iA5 car owners jointly submitted a report letter to the Quality Development Bureau of the State Administration for Market Regulation: On July 18-23, 2021, GAC Toyota Motor Co., Ltd., without informing customers and with the customer's permission, artificially reduced the usable capacity of automotive power batteries for a large number of GAC Toyota iA5 models produced before June 2020, upgrading the battery management system BMS through backstage OTA, etc. At the same time, the output power of the car is limited to no more than 60%, resulting in a shortened endurance and insufficient power.