The detachment of The Pi, the seedling of the Pi Ji.
The line is moving, the center is shaking.
Those who know me say that I am worried, and those who do not know me, what do I ask for?
- "The Book of Poetry, Wang Feng, Huang Li"
Works with the themes of nostalgia and homesickness can be called the two traditional themes in the long gallery of Chinese literature. Among them, nostalgic poetry with profound cultural heritage is a theme that has been flourishing for a long time, because it is promoted by specific historical, cultural and ideological conditions. It can be said that the prosperity of nostalgic poetry is no accident.
Since the "Huang Li" of the Poetry Era opened the precedent of nostalgic poetry, successive generations of literati have created a large number of nostalgic works, which have stirred up stunning waves for the long river of literature in the mainland. The word "distancing" has also become a specific literary image of the poet lamenting the rise and fall and the compassion of the heavens and the people. From Cao Zhi's "Love Poems" to Xiang Xiu's "Thinking of the Old Fu", from Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Lane" to Jiang Kui's "Yangzhou Slow", all reflect the wind god and weather of "Huang Li".
For example, when poets visit historical sites such as cities, palaces, pavilions, etc., although these scenic spots and monuments engraved with the mark of the times cannot be read by the poet like words, their appearance marks the vicissitudes and glory of history, and also carries the stories of history that can be sung and wept.
The past of places of interest is an interesting space, this space needs to be filled by the poet with imagination and talent, and this space is enough to touch the sensitive heart of the poet, thus triggering infinite emotions.
In the ancient literary works with the theme of nostalgia, Jinling has become a city that occupies the C position without reproach because of its high appearance rate, a geographical symbol, a literary symbol, and a narrative space. Since the Southern Dynasty poet Xie Shuo wrote "Jiangnan Jialidi, Jinling Imperial Prefecture" here, the number of Ancient Works in the Past Dynasties has the largest number of Jinling as the theme, and there are also countless titles with "Jinling Huaigu".
Chen Ziang stood on his footing in Jinling and lamented that "the rise and fall of people, mountains and rivers and empty terrain"; the late Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin came to Jinling and sighed "In the past three hundred years, with the dream of The same Xiao, where is the dragon disk on Zhongshan Mountain"; Liu Yuxi wrote in front of The Wuyi Lane in Jinling that "in the old days, Wang Xie Tang Qianyan flew into the homes of ordinary people", recalling ancient and modern times, lamenting the vicissitudes of the world.
Under the poet's pen, Jinling, a historical ancient city, integrates historical lessons with the rise and fall of prosperity and decline, and is more likely to cause poets to associate, lament and chant, these brilliant and colorful Jinling nostalgic poems have superb aesthetic artistic value and historical research value. Literati associate the rise and fall of the individual with the rise and fall of the world, and their sense of distress has a profound universality and social connotation, which has a profound impact on the spirit of the literati of later generations.
The nostalgic poems based on Jinling can be said to be like the Yangtze River adjacent to Jinling, stirring up waves of stunning time and space from time to time in the rolling east stream, and have always touched the reader.
Among the many Jinling Huaigu poems, Wang Anshi, a Northern Song Dynasty writer who has a lot of intersection with the city of Jinling, also wrote a large number of Jinling Huaigu poems, and his "Guizhixiang Jinling Huaigu" can be said to be the C position in the C position, the lyricist takes history as a mirror, the whole word scene is lush, and the heart of the fist and the child jumps on the paper, and it is gripping to read. The original words are as follows:
Landing to send a vision, the late autumn of the homeland, the weather is beginning to be solemn. Thousands of miles of chengjiang are like practice, and the green peaks are like clusters. Zheng Fan went to the remnants of the sun, with the west wind on his back and the wine flag leaning. The boat is cloudy, the galaxy is heron, and it is difficult to draw a picture.
Remembering the past, bustling competition, sighing outside the door, sadness and hatred continued. Eons of time have been high, and this is a long honor and disgrace. The old things of the Six Dynasties flowed with the water, but the cold smoke faded and the grass froze green. To this day, the businesswoman still sings all the time, and the back court remains.
Jinling, known in ancient times as Jiankang and Jiangning, is now Nanjing, and is a famous historical and cultural city in China. As one of the four ancient capitals of China, Jinling has a pivotal position in ancient Chinese history, and Jinling's long history and culture and Jiangnan temperament have laid a deep humanistic imprint on the city.
Jinling is located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain, located in the western part of the Ningzhen Mountains in the hilly valley, the territory of undulating terrain, mountains, Nanjing's north, east and south is low mountains, only the west is the vast Yangtze River, forming a "Ten Thousand Stacks of Green Mountains Bouldering City", "a ring of jasper missing the west of the city" geomorphological characteristics. In addition, Nanjing is rich in water resources, in addition to the Yangtze River, there are also Qinhuai River, Xuanwu Lake and other rivers and lakes, tourists stop in Jinling, you can see the "want heron Mingyi, Tibetan duck near Zhu" good scenery.
The unique natural geographical conditions provide rich materials and inspiration for the literati inkers, and the rich living conditions also allow the literati inkers to have more time and energy to invest in literary creation, so Nanjing has been the gathering place of literary scholars since ancient times. In addition, Jinling has been a city with profound cultural heritage since ancient times, and the geographical location of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the geographical form of the tiger and the dragon disk have made it get people's attention very early.
Before the Song Dynasty, many dynasties in history, such as Eastern Wu, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen, and Southern Tang, chose to set the capital here, so Jinling also had the reputation of "the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties". Jinling has the prosperity, breadth and openness of the capital city, and also the delicacy and warmth of jiangnan city.
As we all know, the influence of regional culture on individuals is multifaceted, it can affect people's lifestyle, thinking habits, but also affect people's aesthetic pursuits, for poets, the influence of regional culture is also reflected in their poetry works. Jinling is such a city with a unique regional culture.
During the Wei and Jin dynasties, when Cao Cao's father and son, the "Seven Sons of Jian'an" and other literati were in the ascendant above the literary circle north of the Yangtze River, the Lu Ji and Lu Yun brothers based on Jinling led the literature and art south of the Yangtze River with the same brilliant achievements, and Lu Ji's "Wenfu" was one of the classical literary theory monographs; the Jin Dynasty nandu, metaphysics and Buddhism met in Jinling, at this time the scholar discovered the beauty of nature, jinling's mountainous and watery geographical environment provided great convenience for the scholars, and the ascent tour became an important part of the poet's life.
The water of the Yangtze River rolls forward, the literary circle of Jinling has never been depressed, and the pace of time has never stopped. Time flickered to the Northern Song Dynasty, at this time Jinling has become a rich and prosperous place in Jiangnan, and a literary scholar named Wang Anshi has since formed an indissoluble relationship with Jinling.
Wang Anshi moved to Nanjing with his father in his youth, spent his youth in Nanjing, he served as the prefect of Jiangning three times, twice kept filial piety here, retired to Jiangning in 1075, and never left until his death, in his sixty-six years of life, nearly 20 years were spent in Nanjing.
For Wang Anshi, Jinling can be said to be his second hometown, Wang Anshi during his life in Jinling, he toured the natural scenery of Jinling, admired the cultural monuments of Jinling, his footprints almost walked through the mountains and rivers of Jinling, and left a poem that was popular and passed down through the ages.
In 1067, Wang Anshi left Jiangning Province, he climbed the Jinling City Tower, looking at the distance, at this time it was late autumn, the sky was high, the vast Yangtze River was like a white practice floating by the edge of the city, and the verdant peaks in the distance were gathered like arrows. Under the reflection of the sunset, the boats on the Yangtze River are busy passing through, and the flags on the riverbank restaurants are flying high in the evening wind.
At the junction of water and sky, the beautiful boat seems to pass through the clouds, and the egret island is like a milky way; the egret that crosses the water and flutters is like a beautiful and moving ink painting. This is a beautiful picture of the country and mountains, and this magnificent scenery is difficult for even a skilled painter to draw.
Wang Anshi was infected by the scene in front of him, so he recalled the past, melted the past and forged the present, and wrote this poem, expressing his deep love for the magnificent rivers and mountains and the fate of his homeland, and expressing the sincere and strong heart of the lyricist.
In the late autumn when the weather began to become depressed, the lyricist stood on the tower of Jinling, and he presented us with an extremely broad vision and pattern a picture of the late autumn scenery of Jinling.
At this time, he was looking up, and the scenery outside Jinling City was like a wide-angle shot in the movie, slowly passing in front of the eyes of the writer: the Yangtze River, which was rushing thousands of miles, was as clear as a white ribbon, and the verdant peaks were like clusters of arrows.
Chengjiang is like a practice, born from the Southern Dynasty poet Xie Shuo's "Chengjiang Jing ru lian", and "Cuifeng like a cluster" tit-for-tat confrontation, not only in the language of the battle rigorous, neat, composition also with the curve of the river stretch and the scattered points of the peaks of the spread of the contrast. This picture has both a flat spread and a three-dimensional presentation, and a picture of the Splendid Rivers and Mountains of Jinling jumps on the paper.
Then, the writer's gaze from far and near, from the whole to the part, he focused his gaze on the river, and gave a close-up shot of the boats traveling on the river: on the white silk belt-like river, the boats shuttled through the brilliant sunset. In fact, this sentence is also the embodiment of Jinling's shipping industry and commercial prosperity.
The next "back west wind, wine flag oblique", is the translation of the word's line of sight, he will move the field of vision from the river to the riverbank, only to see the river bank, high-rise buildings lined up one after another, and the restaurant is the most conspicuous of these buildings, because the flag of the restaurant is bright in color, the recognition is very high, the west wind blows, only to see the flag hanging high on the restaurant fluttering with the wind, there is a moving taste.
The boats on the river and the restaurants on the riverbank are the specific descriptions of the scenery by the writer. The remnant sun and the west wind are close-up shots of the late autumn dusk, and also the depiction of pure natural scenery; the wine flag and the sail are close-up shots of the travel and personnel rushing in the autumn dusk, and also the depiction of architectural communities and business activities.
The lyricist's brushstrokes and vision transition from natural scenery to character activities, and the scene transitions from static to dynamic, and the picture is suddenly active and noisy. And this transition is so natural, there is no sense of frustration, there is no sense of traces of articulation, which can also be seen in the context of the word and the mood of the word.
In the flowing description of the words, we see the majestic green mountains on both sides of the Yangtze River, the mighty and rushing rivers, the dancing egrets, the charming sandbars, and the restaurant flags with a strong commercial atmosphere.
The evening scenery of Jinling is breathtaking, the rivers and mountains are so charming, it is difficult for the lyricist to describe it all, so with a sentence of "it is difficult to draw a picture", it is always collected on the film. This is the visual experience of the lyricist, and it is also the natural expression of the lyricist's love for the Jinling landscape and infinite affection.
However, in the face of the natural beauty in front of him, the lyricist also reveals the feeling of the vicissitudes of the world, because it is in this place where the lyricist's foot is stepping, there have been staged a scene of historical stories of "you sing and I appear", which have a surprisingly similar ending.
Therefore, at the beginning of the next film, the lyricist wrote in one go and wrote "Remembering the past, prosperous competition." Sighing outside the building, the continuation of sorrow and hatred", Jinling, is the center of the Six Dynasties, is the place where the Six Dynasties rise, and is also the place where the Six Dynasties fell, leaving many historical stories, it is in this place that Lord Chen Hou still seeks joy and pleasure with the concubines in the situation under the soldiers in the city, and finally causes the country to be destroyed and the family is destroyed.
Historically, the dynasties that built the capital in Jinling changed frequently, and the reasons for their demise were quite similar, often because the administrators ruled the country without a way, and they died out in the sound of song and dance orchestra. Alas, the countries of the Southern Dynasty have fallen here one after another, and the Bell Mountain and the mighty Yangtze River of the Tiger Dragon Pan have witnessed many ups and downs.
History has accumulated layers of heritage in Jinling, and the entire ancient city can be said to be a rich historical library, and people are looking at the relics of the former dynasty at the same time, that is, they are reading pages of historical stories that make people sigh.
Looking back on the past, the dynasty that built the capital in Jinling, as well as the story of the change of dynasties, has long since become the dust of the long river of history, and has become the joke of people after tea and dinner, so that for thousands of years, people have climbed the stairs to reverie, and can only sigh helplessly at the autumn grass under the cold smoke and sigh the story of rise and fall, glory and humiliation. Therefore, Wang Anshi also became a member of the literati who "stood tall through the ages and were proud and humiliated by this".
The writer faces the river, meditates on the historical story of the rise and fall of the rise and fall, and wanders low in the reality of the folded sand, which cannot help but make him issue a low lament: The old things of the Six Dynasties flow with the flowing water, but the cold smoke fades and the grass condenses green.
The historical story of the Six Dynasties has become a passing cloud, and like the rolling water of the Yangtze River, it has gone forever, becoming a "little girl dressed up by others" in the mouths of later historical narrators, and the only thing that appears in front of the writer's eyes is the cold smoke, the aging dry grass, and the lifeless green in the hazy fog.
After the Six Dynasties, there were countless poets who hung on to the ancients in Jinling, but what is the practical significance of the rise and fall of empty sighs? At this point, the writer returns to reality from the far-reaching association: Since the administrators of the Six Dynasties have no way to govern the country, because they are poor and extravagant, because of arrogance and lasciviousness, which leads to the destruction of the country and the death of the family, what is the situation in reality?
The reality is that the singers still sing the "Backyard Song" all the time. The "Backyard Remains" here, or "Yushu Backyard Flower Song", is said to have been composed by Lord Chen Hou and is known as the Sound of the Fallen Kingdom.
The poet warned the Song Dynasty through the recollection of the old events of the Six Dynasties, and issued a deep sigh of worrying fortunes. On the one hand, this reflects the lyricist's sense of sadness, and on the other hand, it also reflects that the lyricist not only feels the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties, but also is full of concerns about the actual situation.
The lyricist seems to have issued a sincere admonition: today's managers have not learned from the historical stories of the former dynasty, and have not taken history as a lesson, but have followed in the footsteps of the lord, and those singers have sung the "backyard song" all day long, and the managers are immersed in the sound and color of dogs and horses.
Wang Anshi's "Guizhixiang" is intriguing in the way it is written, and the lyricist first writes the scenery and then nostalgic, so that the three points of writing scenery and lyricism, reality and association borrow ancient and metaphorical present organically combine the three points of grass snake gray line.
This word not only has profound ideological significance, but also has a high achievement in art, there are realistic descriptions in the words, there are also romantic descriptions, but carefully read the words, we will deeply appreciate that the praise of the lyricists is not warm, agitated, but solemn, deep, the emotions are not unrestrained, but somber, the whole mood, the atmosphere is shrouded in the afterglow of the late autumn sunset.
The language of the whole word is concise, the artistic conception is profound, especially the lyricist integrates the Jinling autumn color of "drawing difficult to draw" and the humor of nostalgia, which appears harmonious and natural and reflects each other, which can really be described as "endless words and infinite meaning", which can be called a masterpiece in the theme of nostalgia.
Looking at Wang Anshi's nostalgic ancient words, the whole word has a broad vision, grand momentum, far-reaching thinking, and a majestic word style, sweeping away the beautiful and soft word style of five generations, showing the fresh and open realm of the lyricist.