165 turquoise artifacts met for the first time in Panlong City

The blue color of the sky and the blue water, the ingenious artifacts, 165 pieces (sets) of turquoise cultural relics spanning 9,000 years of history, gathered in the Panlong City Ruins Museum, witnessing the development process of the mainland since the Neolithic Age, through the Xia Shang, the Two Weeks, the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Song Ming, and the magnificent development of Chinese civilization. On March 15th, the "Color is Like Heaven, Instrument Transmission - Ancient Chinese Turquoise Culture Exhibition" was launched, which is also the first ancient Chinese turquoise culture exhibition in China.

Turquoise is used to show the development pattern of Chinese civilization

As early as the early Neolithic Period, the ancestors of Jiahu in the Central Plains became the pioneers of the world's production and use of turquoise. By the time of the Summer Shang, turquoise had become a ceremonial vessel and was regarded as a symbol of royal power. In the past two weeks, Wang Qi and the princely states regarded turquoise as a treasure decorated with richness; the Qin and Han dynasties were unified, the turquoise decoration process was becoming more and more exquisite, and the turquoise culture also showed the characteristics of the fusion of Eastern and Western cultures. Since the Wei, Jin, Sui and Tang dynasties, turquoise has been among many precious jade treasures with the color of sky blue and blue water, and has been highly respected by the court. The steppe peoples and the snowy Tubo are also very favored, both for decorating themselves and for their faith. In the long river of history, the waves of turquoise culture have gathered the tide of exchange and integration, and rushed to the sea of chinese civilization that is diverse and integrated.

The exhibition is divided into four units, under the theme "What is Turquoise?" In order to enter the point, according to the chronological order, "Huaguang First Appearance - Neolithic Xia Shang Period", "Liujin Yaoshi - Two Weeks qin and Han period" and "Baojing Style and Elegance - Sui, Tang, Song and Ming Period" tell the long and splendid turquoise culture of the mainland. The exhibition combines the characteristics of displaying cultural relics, and makes full use of multimedia projection videos, scene paintings, images and text descriptions to explain the exhibition content and highlight the beauty of cultural relics.

"Panlong City Ruins Museum has been committed to the academic research of turquoise culture for many years, this exhibition is a collective presentation of academic achievements", Wan Lin, president of the Panlong City Ruins Museum, introduced that this exhibition has been strongly supported by 14 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions and 38 archaeological research institutions across the country, and many of the exhibited cultural relics are representative instruments of each museum, from the Jiahu ruins, Erlitou sites, Jinsha ruins, Yin Ruins, Jinhou cemetery, Majiayuan cemetery, Zenghou Yi tomb, Mancheng Han tomb, Turki Mountain Liao tomb, Liangzhuang Wang tomb, etc. Covering various periods since 9,000 years, as well as key turquoise artifacts of various cultures.

At the 9,000-year-old site of Jia Lake in Wuyang, Henan, archaeologists found that people at that time had used turquoise stones of sky blue, moon white and dark green as ornaments. In the Hongshan culture, Dawenkou culture, Longshan culture and Liangzhu culture, which also belong to the Neolithic era, the audience can find that the exquisite degree and production process of turquoise jewelry have gradually improved. The Turquoise gold ornaments of the Shang Dynasty excavated from Panlong City are the earliest molded gold and jade inlaid ornaments that appeared in the Central Plains cultural system. In addition to the Central Plains, the gold medal ornaments with inlaid gems and tiger bird patterns from Inner Mongolia, the bead quilts from the ancient Dian kingdom of Yunnan, and the gold headpieces from the inlaid turquoise standing phoenix from the Tubo period also show the common love of people of different ethnic groups for turquoise.

"From the early Jiahu ruins to the Ming and Qing dynasties, from the Yellow River Basin to the Yangtze River Basin, the development of turquoise culture has witnessed the Chinese nation's pursuit of beauty and cultural tolerance and exchange, and also proved that the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are the cradle of Chinese civilization." Wan Lin said that this exhibition is in response to the cultural relics work in the new era and actively participates in the creation of the "East Asian Cultural Capital", helping the audience to better understand the long-standing, broad and profound Chinese civilization.

A number of rare cultural relics were exhibited for the first time

Of the 165 cultural relics on display, each one is a fine product. Among them, the bronze plaque with turquoise animal face pattern in the Erlitou Xiadu Site Museum, the gold-handled iron sword excavated from the Spring and Autumn Tomb of Baoji Yimen No. 2, and the jade-inlaid lacquered wood ware of the Jinsha Site Museum are all treasures and cultural relics exhibited for the first time.

"In the upper eye socket, a pair of round eyes look at you through 3500 years of time. Who is it? It's dragons, it's tigers, it's cows, it's deer, it's owls, it's bears... It also seems to keep asking us questions – who are you? The classic narration in the 100-episode documentary "If the National Treasure Could Talk" describes the treasure of the Erlitou Xiadu Ruins Museum - the bronze plaque with turquoise animal face pattern. This bronze plaque is made of hundreds of pieces of turquoise mosaic, exquisite processing, meticulous buckle, although after three or four thousand years, turquoise pieces have not been loosened off, bronze and turquoise combined to form a golden and jade resonance situation, opening the Bronze Age in East Asia. The remains of the Erlitou period in the eastern part of the Jianghan region are mainly found in the ruins of Panlong City, and the bronze plaque decorated with turquoise animal face patterns to exhibit in Panlong City can be described as "re-walking" the cultural road of thousands of years ago.

Inlaid jade piece lacquer wood ware is the earliest lacquerware found in Chengdu that uses inlay technology, which belongs to the late Shang and Western Zhou dynasties. This jade-encrusted lacquered wood ware is depicted with animal face patterns on the surface, and on the palm-sized fragments, more than a dozen jade pieces and turquoise are inlaid in between, and finally outlined with red lacquer, which is an outstanding representative of ancient Shu lacquerware and inlay technology. However, due to the complete decay of its wooden tire, only the patent leather is stuck to the dirt, and when it was first unearthed, it was urgently sealed in silicone glue for protection, and the audience can only imagine its full appearance through the protective sleeve. This cultural relic is rarely exhibited in public at the Jinsha Site Museum, and it is rare to be able to exhibit in Wuhan.

The excavation of the golden iron sword, also known as the "Star of the Qin Sword", in the collection of the Baoji Archaeological Research Institute, was an accident, and the identity of its owner was even more suspicious. In the early 1990s, an archaeological team excavated an ancient tomb of only 5 square meters in the southern suburbs of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province, and found a large number of precious cultural relics, one of which was the most shocking to experts with an iron sword. The body of the sword is made of pure iron, the hilt is made of pure gold, and the theme is decorated with a cockroach pattern, inlaid with turquoise and material ornaments. The gold handle iron sword adopts the process technique of casting, riveting and inlaying, casting the same sword with two kinds of metal with different melting points, and the high requirements for the process can be imagined, which fully shows that the Qin people in the Spring and Autumn Period not only mastered the smelting and casting technology of gold and iron, but also reached a higher level. Thousands of years apart, the "Star of The Qin Sword" that has been displayed in front of the eyes of the world is still dazzling. Wan Lin said, "The turquoise inlaid on this cultural relic is uniform in color and the production process is superb, whether it is from color or utensil, it is very representative." ”

It is reported that the exhibition will last until May 21, 2022. (Wuhan Evening News reporter Feng Aihua photography He Xiaogang correspondent Bai Xue)

[Editor-in-Charge: Wen Yu]

【Source: Wuhan Civilization Network】

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