Wang Zengqi and his Jingpai teachers and friends

During the flames of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Wang Zengqi went to Kunming to apply for the Southwest United Congress, and he went to Shen Congwen. Sure enough, in Shen Congwen's homework class, he received a lot of teachings from Teacher Shen and was a proud protégé of Teacher Shen. Shen Congwen recommended students' works to Zheng Zhenduo, Li Jianwu and other literary masters, and praised Wang Zengqi for writing better than himself. And What Wang Zengqi remembers is that Teacher Shen once criticized the dialogue of his novel characters, like two clever brain melons fighting, showing off their talents and not living enough. Later, he paid more attention to the appreciation of elegance and customs, and gave full play to his talents to make the majority of readers happy.

Shen Congwen's influence on Wang Zengqi was lifelong. "Playthings have never lost their minds, and they have written books to become lyrical", Wang Zengqi wrote Teacher Shen's poems, which is actually a portrayal of himself - his teacher's "playthings", altar jars, old paper embroidery pieces, the second half of his life "played" to become a cultural relics expert; himself, there is simply a "hundred workshops" of Wang Zengqi in the novel: wearing a carmaker, tin smith, coppersmith, chicken and duck master... Five elements and eight works, one-year-old cargo sounds, reminiscent of the "Nuclear Boat Record", "Ventriloquism", and even "Compendium of Materia Medica" and "Tiangong Kaiwu" overflowing with that kind of interest.

And the most profound impact, of course, is the attitude towards literature. Wang Zengqi repeatedly wrote about the brute force and fierceness of Teacher Shen's writing, often writing about nosebleeds; when Wang Zengqi could not find a career after graduation, depressed and self-destructive, Teacher Shen wrote to him and scolded him: "For the sake of temporary difficulties, I cried and cried like this, and even thought of committing suicide. You have a pen in your hand, what are you afraid of! "The lives of their masters and apprentices are tied to a pen." However, in the second half of His life, Mr. Shen sent love relics, the pen of literature was shelved, and Wang Zengqi ushered in the second spring of his literary career, most readers know that he began with the "Chronicles of Da Nao" and "Ordination" in the late 70s and early 80s, but in fact, in the 40s, he had jumped into the literary world, attracting the attention of the literary youth Huang Bao and others at that time, and the first collection of novels,"Encounter Collection" was published by the Cultural Life Publishing House hosted by Ba Jin. Therefore, "writing books to grow old for lyricism" is also Wang Zengqi's own situation. Teacher Shen put down the pen, the influence is still there, Wang Zengqi said that when he wrote Xiao Yingzi and Xiao Mingzi in "Ordination", he had the shadows of Cuicui and Sansan in Teacher Shen's "Border City" and other works.

The influence of the teacher also includes the influence of friends around the teacher, such as Yang Zhensheng, Zhang Xiruo, Jin Yuelin, Zhu Guangqian, Liang Sicheng Lin Huiyin and his wife. Wang Zengqi once wrote: "Their contacts are really friends of gentlemen, and they have neither the color of a party nor the enslavement of alcohol and food. Take a cup of tea and chat for a moment. ”

Wang Zengqi admired Lin Huiyin's proficiency in using stream-of-consciousness techniques in writing novels in the 1930s, and it was used very naturally— this was also felt by the poet Bian Zhilin, who wrote an essay in the 1980s titled "Inside and Outside the Window: Remembering Lin Huiyin", which has a detailed evaluation. At that time, the literary world almost forgot About Lin Huiyin. Lin Hui is hot, and it will be many years later. Wang Zengqi wrote a poem with a sentence: "The salon is sick and still chants, and the drum and the song of xiang ling are not over." He praised Lin Hui for his "high chant" like "Drum Ser Xiang Ling", and regretted that he died prematurely due to illness and "qu did not end". Wang Zengqi will regret that "my life is also late", did not catch up with Teacher Shen in and out of Lin Huiyin's living room, did not appreciate the beautiful and amazing Lin Huiyin gushed out a wonderful theory; fortunately, Lin Huiyin's letter to Second Brother Shen is still there, Wang Zengqi should be able to appreciate the elegance and friendship between teachers and friends of that generation. In the letter, Lin Huiyin and Shen Congwen exchanged the emotional distress they were experiencing, analyzed the spiritual life and human nature, and exhorted and encouraged, so sincere and meticulous, enthusiastic and rational, Wang Zengqi, like the readers, can really "see the words as they are".

Bian Zhilin is 10 years older than Wang Zengqi, and in the early 1930s he was the youngest of Lin Huiyin's guests, on the one hand, because both of them wrote poems and admired each other, and there was another reason, Bian Zhilin was Xu Zhimo's student, a proud protégé - Xu Zhimo arranged for the Crescent Bookstore to publish his poetry collection, which was blown down due to a plane crash. Therefore, Bian Zhilin honored Lin Hui because of the elder, although he was only 6 years younger than Lin Huiyin. Until Lin Huiyin's death, they maintained a sincere friendship between them. Lin Hui's warm and straightforward and sometimes sharp conversation and generous demeanor make Bian Zhilin, who has a somewhat restrained personality, very relaxed and comfortable.

Wang Zengqi and Bian Zhilin do not seem to have a direct intersection, although they lived in Beijing for the rest of their lives. But Bian Zhilin and Shen Congwen are old friends for many years, Shen Congwen died, people's daily and Wen Wei Po all came to invite him to write commemorative articles, which shows that his close relationship is well known; and Bian Zhilin's pursuit of Zhang Chonghe, although unsuccessful, there are beautiful shadows hidden everywhere in the poems, wang Zengqi will not know, but will not write it out - this point, Wang Zengqi is more "old-school". But Both Bian Zhilin and Wang Zengqi respected the abolition of names, and they were all written in articles.

Graduated from Peking University, he became famous in the 1920s, he looked very ancient, his writing was like his person, even if he wrote a novel about the mood of a child, the bamboo forest and peach blossoms were always vaguely hidden behind the Wuzu Temple, from youth into Zen, the taste was somewhat ethereal; "The Biography of Mr. Mosu" was even more strange, he wrote carefully, and readers were surprised and interesting. Abolishing his real name "Feng Wenbing", changing his name to "abolishing his name" to the novel character's name "nonsense", he seems to be determined to hide in the depths of history. However, Wang Zengqi remembered him and said that he had been influenced by him, writing old style poems praising the abolition of the name, "Zen heart is lonely like a child's heart" and "who knows the poetry full of bamboo forests", which can be described as a zhi language; in his later years, he was invited to write a preface to the collection of works of the abolished name, and the admiration overflowed between the words. Bian Zhilin, on the other hand, also admired the abolition of names, and in the early 1980s, he also wrote a preface to the anthology of abolished names, and like Wang Zengqi, he said that he was not qualified — at that time, the abolition of names had been dead for nearly 20 years.

The fame of the abolition of the name to write novels, but his poems are more wonderful, Bian Zhilin's poem "You stand on the bridge to see the scenery" at the beginning of the sentence of the "broken chapter", almost everyone knows, the name of the poem does not seem to have "out of the circle", but the literary circle and people who read his poems will be fascinated and excited at first sight. Let the poems of the two PK:

"Planting Flowers"

De-named

I dreamed that I ran to the gates of hell and planted a flower,

Back in the human world, it is a ghost fire.

"The Street"

When you go down the street, there are cars passing by,

There is a mailbox of loneliness.

Postbox PO

I can't remember the number X of the car,

There is the Arabic numeral loneliness,

car loneliness,

The streets are lonely,

Humanity is lonely.

Fish Fossils

Bian Zhilin

I want to have the shape of your embrace,

I tend to dissolve in the lines of water.

You love me like a mirror.

You and I are far away from the fish fossils.

The poems of the two are very wonderful, the taste of Ancient and Modern Chinese and Western, the proportion of blending, the same and different, it is worth tasting carefully.

The poet Bian Zhilin easily does not write novels, and once he shoots, he is also like his poems, far away from the mountains, buried in the clouds, but the sky is cool and autumn. Bian Zhilin is a writer, translator, scholar, and has a high literary taste. His good friend, He Qifang, another of the three poets of the Han Garden, was later also a literary critic. In the 1930s, Bian Zhilin and He Qifang lived in the home of the deposed name Beiping for a few days, when the deposed name returned to the province and arranged for old servants to receive them, Bian Zhilin admitted that he was a little friend of the deposed name, saying that although the deposed name secretly liked to talk about Zen and Theory, it was full of humanity.

He Qifang's famous work "Painting Dreams", "I want to talk about all kinds of pure things", the rain, the starlight, the smoke on the fan, the monologue teenager, the road in the dream... Once also integrated into Wang Zengqi's teenage dream, right? Although the two did not have any records of communication later, Wang Zengqi had a poem praising: "The sound of the drum moves the Han Garden, and the scholar throws a pen to go to the smoke." He Xun was actually old and left behind to paint dreams in the world. ”

How many people's paths have been changed by the War of Resistance! He Qifang, who wrote a small and fresh poem, won the "Ta Kung Pao" Literary and Art Award together with Cao Yu's famous drama "Sunrise", and the judges were Zhu Ziqing, Ye Shengtao, Yang Zhensheng, Zhu Guangqian, Ba Jin, Li Jianwu, Lin Huiyin, Shen Congwen and other literary masters. It was 1936, the year before the All-out War of Resistance. Later, He Qifang went to Yan'an to luyi, became a party literary and art worker, and in the 1940s went to Chongqing to deliver the "Speech", which was a "big member" from Yan'an in the eyes of Hu Feng and other writers in the Kuomintang area, and after the founding of New China, he became the director of the Institute of Literature of the Academy of Social Sciences, but he always maintained the "scholarly" temperament mentioned in Wang Zengqi's poems throughout his life.

The above-mentioned people, Teacher Shen and Teacher Shen's circle of friends, have an impact on Wang Zengqi's literary career, literary attitude and philosophy, and why Wang Zengqi became Wang Zengqi seems to be able to understand one or two from it. Teachers and friends have a hidden or explicit influence on each other, such as the foreshadowing in the article, through the times and personal destiny, and also like the "intertextuality" in poetry, commenting and supplementing each other, communicating with each other, and harmonious and different, but appreciating each other. These people were later largely classified as the "Beijing School" by literary historians.

Speaking of which, in the 1930s, there were "Beijing schools" and "Hai schools" in the literary circles, and many literati, including Lu Xun, wrote articles. However, in terms of literary quality alone, the Beijing school has actually been in the same vein since the twenties.

The place of the writer in the history of literature will not be clearly seen until many years later. Wang Zengqi has expectations for his literary achievements, and he also has self-confidence -- sometimes drinking a little wine, "crazy" at home with his children: you are kind to me, I will definitely enter the history of literature. The literary historian Yan Jiayan wrote the history of genre literature and regarded him as the "last Beijing school", and he said: Yes. But there was still confusion in his heart. He seems to want to be a lesser writer who has been influenced by important writers, and he can put himself in the chapter of Shen Congwen in the history of literature.

Later, the scholar Wu Fuhui compiled the "Selected Works of the Jing School", included in his works, and "discussed" the Jing School in the preface, and Wang Zengqi read the "Preface" to "have a clear understanding of the content contained in the concept of the Beijing School", and only then did he affirm that the "Beijing School" was indeed a school and gladly recognized himself as this school. Later, in the article, he also deliberately distinguished between "Jingpai" and not "Jingweier". It was also at this time that he wrote a group of old style poems, a total of 5 poems, and wrote 5 writers: Abolished Name, Lin Huiyin, Shen Congwen, He Qifang, and Zhou Zuoren. Zhou Zuoren fell into the water during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, as Wang Zengqi commented: "Qianqiu who forgives Qian Qianyi", but he and his brother Lu Xun in the first half of his life were leading figures in the May Fourth literary scene. In the 1920s, Zhou Zuoren particularly advocated the abolition of names, and whenever a work was published, Zhou Zuoren almost always wrote a preface to it; even if the 1960s could be described as a disgrace, the diary also recorded going out on the street to buy a work of wasted name, which shows that he has always paid attention to it. The addition of Zhou Zuoren to Wang Zengqi's poems should be clear about the influence of his literary taste on the writers of the Beijing School.

Wang Zengqi wrote to Wu Fuhui: "Although these writers have no organizational connection, and some of them have never even met each other, they do have something in common in their writing attitude and artistic pursuit. ”

The Literati of the Beijing School are generally learned, and their works are elegant and timeless, most of them are pure literature of Yangchun White Snow, which is intriguing, and can also withstand the passage of time and the change of the times, and the charm is lasting.